INTRODUCTION Worldwide, “Overweight/obesity is the major contributor to the burden of disease and disability” [1]. Nowadays, over 1.5 billion and 500 million adults are suffering from overweight/obesity respectively. It leads to almost 3 million related death per year which is more than the number of deaths due to underweight [2]. In Vietnam, overweight prevalence in adult is 15.3% in urban areas and 5.3% in rural areas if using Caucasian Body Mass Index (BMI) cut-off ; 32.5% and 13.8% respectively while using Asian BMI cut-off [3]. Recent evidences showed that at the same age, sex and BMI, Asians have higher percentage of body fat and risk of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease than Caucasians [4]. That is why using Asian BMI cut-off is more recommended in order to reveal the real burden of overweight/obesity in Vietnam. The fact that every one out of three urban residence (32.5%) is overweight [3] while they account for approximately 30% Vietnamese population [5] made a considerable warning situation. In addition, the situation is more alarming while looking at the increasing trend of overweight/obesity through years.
During 10 years from 1992 to 2002, the overweight rate in Vietnam more or less tripled [3]. From 2002 to 2005, the annual percentage point increase in overweight prevalence was 1.9 which is extremely higher than 0.25 of the United States and European countries [6]. Last but not least, overweight/obesity increase the risk of getting several non-communicable diseases (NCDs) including cardiovascular diseases, diabetes and cancer [7].
In Vietnam, mortality due to NCDs accounted to 63.3% of all death [8]. OBJECTIVES This paper aims to assess and understand the most important determinants of overweight/obesity i...
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...Taking those factors into account, the MOH should consider: Using mass media campaigns to raise the awareness about the harmful effect of overweight/obesity as preparation for promoting healthy life style. Implement health promoting campaigns on healthy life style such as doing morning exercise, using bicycle and playing sports. Along with the campaigns, the MOH should cooperate with other departments to create the support environments including bikeway, TV programs instruct morning exercise, sport/fitness club, public swimming pool/park etc Focus on nutrition and healthy diet education in the school system. Furthermore, the nutrition program should be developed and implemented in school meals in order to make individuals get familiar with healthy diet from early stage of life. Policies to restrict the food advertising towards children/adolescents are needed
This is an argument discussing the most important health promotion issue in Newham, borough of London, about the obesity. This borough (New ham) has massive issue about healthy food promotion, where there is too many fast food shop and restaurants all around schools. Many children in the area of Newham are obese according to the new report on 29 November 2015 published Newham Recorder news. The report identified that nearly half of year sex children in Newham city are overweight.
Obesity remains an extremely serious issue worldwide. Once considered a problem for wealthier counties, overweight and obesity are now dramatically increasing in low and middle income countries (WHO, 2011). In American, the rates of obesity continue to soar. CDC (2009) recognizes obesity as a risk factor for diabetes, heart disease, high blood pressure, and other health problems. According to NHANES over two-thirds of the US are overweight or obese, and over one-third are obese (CDC, 2009). Treatment for this illness varies; it may include the incorporation of diet, exercise, behavior modification, medication, and surgery. Since there is no single cause of all overweight and obesity, there is no single way to prevent or treat overweight and obesity that will help everyone (CDC, 2009).
Obesity is a rising problem in the United States. With obesity rates on the rise something must be done to prevent this massive issue. There are ways to help including educating at young ages, improving nutrition facts at restaurants, and providing more space for citizens to get physically active.
Obesity in the United States continues growing alarmingly. Approximately 66 % of adults and 33 % of children and teenagers in the US are overweight. Obesity is the result of fat accumulated over time due to the lack of a balanced diet and exercise. An adult with a BMI (body mass index) higher than thirty percent is considered obese (Whitney & Rolfes, 2011, pg. 271).
Study conducted by the Burden of Disease and Injury in Australia (BoD) in 2003 indicated that in Australia 7.5% of the total burden of disease and injury was due to obesity. Around 55% of the burden related to diabetes, 21.3% of cardiovascular disease, 24.5% of osteoarthritis, 20.5% colorectal, breast, uterine and kidney cancers is due to obesity (4) (5). Other obesity related conditions are obesity hypoventilation syndrome (OHS), sleep apnea, gout, gall bladder disease & gallstones, back, mental and reproductive issues, depression, loss of self-esteem and weakening peer-group
Obesity is a global problem (Tremolieres 1973; WHO 2000) (6). It increases numerous health risks including coronary heart disease, hypertension, stroke (WHO 2000) (7) and is a major risk factor for musculoskeletal pain (Nantel, Mathieu and Prince, 2011) (8) and osteoarthritis of weight bearing joints (WHO 2000; Felson et al, 2000) (9). Obesity rates are growing high every year and in the last 15 years twofold increase is recorded (10). Obesity is categorised on body mass index (BMI). Body mass index is used to measure obesity and is calculated by dividing a person’s weight (in kilograms) by the square of their height (in metres). Overweight is taken as BMI of 25 to 29.9kg/m2 and BMI...
There is no doubt that obesity has taken its seat as one of the top disease that strikes the world today. In America, obesity has now spread through the country leaving 2 out of 3 adults either overweight or obese, and worldwide 1.5 billion are overweight or obese (Overweight). The cause of this disease stems from multiple reasons such as the increase in modern food production, putting out ample amounts of food causing the prices for meat, groceries, and especially junk food to plummet. Subsequently, Americans especially were more inclined to purchase more food and showed an increase in the average American house hold food intake by 1,000 more calories a day (Dreifus).
The combined factors surrounding both the Japanese diet and the typical American diet are reflected in the percentage of overweight people in each country; approximately 65% of people are overweight in the United States, while only 25% of Japan’s population is overweightii. These percentages are compiled from Body Mass Index (BMI) data, which is a scientifically formulated relation between a person’s weight and height that helps to determine a healthy weight range for a person to maintain. A person is classified as overweigh...
Since 1970, the obesity rates in America have more than doubled. Currently two-thirds of (roughly 150 million) adults in the United States are either overweight, or obese (Food Research and Action Center). According to the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, “overweight is defined as a body mass index (BMI) greater than 25 whereas obesity is defined as a BMI greater than 30.” There are numerous factors that contribute to obesity such as: biological, behavioral and cultural influences (Food Research and Action Center). While these factors all have a large role in obesity, there is no factor with as great of an influence as poverty.
First of all, “obesity is considered a problem since the high quantity of fat in the human body can lead to several health problems, compromising the proper functioning of important organs” (Graham & Wong, 2014, para.3). Graham & Wong, 2014, discuss that “the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) considers individuals with a BMI of 30 or greater to be obese”. Second, obesity in Canada has become epidemic. Recently, the number of obese people is growing so fast in children and adults (Graham & Wong, 2014, para.11). Graham and Wong, 2014, states that more than half of the Canadian population is considered obese and “levels of childhood obesity are expected to lead to the first decrease in life expectancy in over 200 years”. Finally, obese people could be affected by some diseases such as diabetes, high blood pressure, cancer, arthritis, reproductive disorders and others (Graham & Wong, 2014, para.3). As Renneboog, 2014, demonstrates “physically, excessive body fat puts mechanical stress on the body, which leads to conditions including sleep apnea, respiratory problems, osteoarthritis, and hypertension”. Accordingly to Hussain, Hydrie, Claussen & Ashgar, 2010, the obesity and diabetes type 2 are strongly related since obesity affects the body fuel metabolism, making people get sick. As Eckel et al, 2011, argue, obesity can cause diabetes more effectively depending on where
"The increased prevalence of overweight and obesity particularly among children and adolescents is a severe public health problem" (Bray, 2005). According to our text, health education and health promotion are recognized increasingly as ways to meet public health objectives and improve the success of public health and medical interventions around the world (Gollust, 2014).
Recent studies have shown that these increases in extreme obesity rates are not specific to a certain population, but are rather an integral part of the weight distribution in the USA, and the more extreme the obesity, the higher the rate of growth [4]. Thus, the public health concerns associated with this growth are of extreme importance given that those who are obese in any form are much more likely to suffer from obesity comorbidities including type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, asthma, sleep apnea, and stroke. (Ginny Garcia, Ph.D. & Thankam S. Sunil, Ph.D. & Pedro
Obesity is a serious condition that has generated a discussion on whether or not to be classified as a disease. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), obesity is the body mass index (BMI) of 30 or higher, which is calculated based on the person’s height and weight. For years, our society has been facing the obesity challenge, which can be extremely costly once it leads to several diseases. Thus, because of the constant increase of percentage of people with obesity, the American Medical Association (AMA) proposed in June 18, 2013 to classify obesity as a disease. Their argument was that obesity increases the risks of countless health conditions such as type 2 diabetes, coronary heart disease, stroke, hypertension etc. Moreover, it increases morbidity and mortality. By considering obesity as a disease, their aim was to maximize researches and funding, which will focus on obesity from different medical and health approach levels. Their idea of classifying obesity as a disease was in accordance with the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute’s declaration of 1995. The institute declared, “ Obesity is a complex multifactorial chronic disease developing from multiple interactive influences of numerous factors.” In 2012, the CDC data showed 34.9% of adults obese and 17% of obese children. These numbers are very alarming especially since the struggle to deter certain factors contributing into this condition is still a challenge. Among the struggles, there are the people’s rights versus health regulations to keep them as healthy as possible like the former mayor Bloomberg regulation on soft drinks size cut. During CNN’s show GPS of Sunday 2, 2014, the host Zacharia...
Obesity occurs in all countries and it is one of the gravest problems in modern society. Obesity problems have become one matter of concern for individuals all around the world. What is more is that Obesity rates continue to rise all around the world. One of the chief causes is unhealthy diets. Obesity is also due to lack of exercise and lack of education and awareness. Therefore obesity has various effects including the risk of suffering from a range of health conditions, increased expenditure on health care and lack of self-esteem.