Nursing Theories And Types Of Nursing Theory In Nursing

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Nursing theories can be useful in helping nurses understand what we need to know and how to develop nursing in the future. There are many nursing theorists, one being Florence Nightingale who developed an environmental theory and Virginia Henderson who developed a need theory. Nursing theories are an accumulation of knowledge and facts gained from empirical investigations that try to describe and explain what nursing means.
Types of Nursing Theories
A theory is set of concepts, relationships, or assumptions that can guide nursing practice. Theories provide a structure for research to study situations and predict possible outcomes. Theories in nursing usually revolve around the concepts of person, environment, health, and nursing. There are four types of theories in nursing: grand theories, middle range theories, practice theories, and borrowed theories. Grand theories cover broad areas, are complex, and contained many unclear defined concepts. Grand theories are not usually useful in nursing practice. Middle range theories are more specific
Henderson’s theory was to help each person obtain independence so each person could contribute to their own health or recovery. Nurses serve the patient and care for them until they are able to care for themselves. Henderson’s nursing theory is based on fourteen components of human need. Some of those needs are physiological such as the need to eat and drink regular, breathe normal, eliminate body waste, move and maintain posture, sleep, keep body temperature within normal range, maintain clean and well-groomed body, and to dress appropriately. Spiritual component is to worship according to one’s faith. Also, one should voice their emotions, needs and fears to others. Social components are to work for accomplishment, play for recreation, learn and discover new ideas to foster normal health and

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