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Universal Declaration of Human Rights article
Universal Declaration of Human Rights article
Term paper on the nuremberg trials
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At the time of their occurrences, the Nuremburg trials really meant one thing to most people: the war really was over. The terror of war and all that came with it had come to an end, and it was time to find who was to blame. Top Nazi brass were brought in to answer for their crimes against humanity. The war was not the extent of it, as the world would find out. They had also played an instrumental part in the systematic extermination of six million people. The indictment of Nazi officials for their crimes set a precedent for international cooperation as well as the prosecution of similar criminals which has affected the world up to the present in a very virtuous way. The Nuremberg trials, first and foremost, set a precedent for international cooperation to see that anybody who did what the Nazis did would face justice.. Prior to the trials, there really was no procedure for these kinds of events. Everything changed with those trials after the war. The creation of that International Military Tribunal became a model for other ones. The Hague in the Netherlands serves as an excellent example, as it was created to address crimes done during the Balkan Wars. International Military …show more content…
One was the United Nations Genocide Convention (History.com Staff). It was in that convention that the legal definition of genocide was created so that it could be more effectively prosecuted in international law. Another resolution was the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. The declaration outlined fundamental human rights. Through it, for the first time, slavery was banned on a global scale. Another interesting note was that it declared the right for citizens to own property as a fundamental one (United Nations). These laws were created as a direct result of the Nuremberg trials and was a huge step forward in international criminal
Next in 1899, 1907, 1954 the International Peace Convention (originally The Hague Convention) where held because, in the last wars multiple cultural, art, literature and artifacts pieces were destroyed. Also, the community notice the rise in technology of weapons. The rules of war from the two convention consist of National and Cultural Symbols, Chemical and Biological warfare, Wounded and Sick Soldiers, POW (Geneva III), Civilians and Occupation, and Cultural Property. All of those are rules of war and the are severe consequences if they are broken. The United Nations and International Court of Justice (also known as the World Court) will take care of war crimes. Multiple other organizations were made by the U.N. to take care of certain wars for people such as, Nazi's and The Civil war in Yugoslavia. All countries are suppose to respect and follow the rules of war no matter the
Many groups had great power and influence around the world during the holocaust. How this influence was used or not used helped shape experiences, often horrific for many European Jews. In Hungary, toward the end of the holocaust not only did the international institutions become silent bystanders, but their very own neighbors turned their back on their fellow citizens knowing what atrocities awaited their arrival to Auschwitz.
It is evident that regular Germans willingly, almost gaily, took part in the torment as well as mass killing of Jews during WWII (Rensmann 179). It comes out they were not mainly members of the Nazi Party, other than entirely common Germans (Rensmann 182). These normal citizens conveyed merely as much pain along with anguish as whichever Nazi associate, and have to be exposed on behalf of everyone who was killed in consequence of Hitler’s ultimate solution. Even though she was in agreement with the final judgment of the court, that is, that Surname Eichmann is supposed to be predestined to loss, she argued with the reasoning suggested at the court-trial as well as with the display of the court-trial itself (Arendt 201).
If you have been in a History class you have probably heard of an event that happened after World War Two called the Nuremberg Trials. These trials were conducted by the United States. Supreme Court Justice Robert Jackson was appointed to lead the trials (Berenbaum). During these trials they charged with Crimes against the Peace, War crimes and Crimes against Humanity (Berenbaum). Many major Nazi leaders committed suicide before officials could hang them or before even being caught. The famous Doctor Goebbels killed his children then him and his wife committed suicide (Berenbaum). Only twelve out of the twenty-two who stood trial were hanged, twelve, while the rest just got prison time. Besides major Nazi officials, Physicians were put on trial, the people who were part of the mobile killing squads, Concentration camp officials, Judges and Executives who sold concentration camps Zyklon B. You can expect that they had many excuses, but m...
"While fighting for victory the German soldier will observe the rules for chivalrous warfare. Cruelties and senseless destruction are below his standard" , or so the commandment printed in every German Soldiers paybook would have us believe. Yet during the Second World War thousands of Jews were victims of war crimes committed by Nazi's, whose actions subverted the code of conduct they claimed to uphold and contravened legislation outlined in the Geneva Convention. It is this legislature that has paved the way for the Jewish community and political leaders to attempt to redress the Nazi's violation, by prosecuting individuals allegedly responsible. Convicting Nazi criminals is an implicit declaration by post-World War II society that the Nazi regime's extermination of over five million Jews won't go unnoticed.
During the trials, the Americans put American justice over International Justice. It was wrong and unfair however to do such a thing because those who were guilty didn’t even come from the United States? Since the trials were supposed to be international in scope, they shouldn’t be following the justice of one country, but rather international justice. Although the Americans were applying “American justice” to the trials, they didn’t even follow their constitution while doing so. The US constitution states that laws cannot be made post-facto, but in Nuremberg, they created these laws (for example, crimes against humanity, and waging aggressive war) after the Germans had “committed” them. It is wrong however to charge defendants with crimes that didn’t exist in anyone’s books at the time they were committed. Although some might say that these crimes are “common knowledge,” they may in fact be only common knowledge to you. Not everyone in the world views things in the same way you might. John F. Kennedy even said about the Nuremberg trials that “The Constitution was not a collection of loosely given political promises subject to broad interpretation. It was not a list of pleasing platitudes to be set lightly aside when expediency required it…[and] discard these Constitutional precepts in order to punish a vanquished enemy.
During World War 2, the Allies were determined that both Hitler and the men around him should be punished for starting the war. Not long after Hitler became Chancellor, in 1933, he and his Nazi Government began giving policies to subject Jewish people. After lots of debate, it was decided that the fairest way to proceed was the public trial of the men who committed the crimes. Hitler was one of the Nazi officials who was going to be put on trial. Himmler and Goebbels were also going to be put on trial, but they committed suicide at the end of the war. At the trials, 22 individual Nazi officials and seven groups that had carried out the Nazi programs, were placed on trial for their crimes. “The Allies charged the individuals with four types of crimes: conspiracy against peace, crimes against peace, war crimes, and crimes against humanity.” If Hitler would have been at the trials, he would have been charged because he was a Nazi leader. In the trials, 24 Nazi leaders were put on trial, 18
Those to be prosecuted were done so because of the brutal “war crimes”, “crimes against peace” and “crimes against humanity” they had committed. The prosecutors were dominated by a large percentage of Jews, who at this time, excusably, had a fervent hatred for the Nazis, since the Nazis had also had a fervent hatred for them. But this just shows how hard it would have been for these prosecutors to not have had revenge govern their thoughts throughout the trial.
Because of the length of the war and the devastation of this genocide, Germany will forever be remembered for the Holocaust and the effect it had on multiple people groups. This event sparked from the idea of absolute supremacy and would continue until the damage was complete. People’s views of the German population and the Jewish people alike will be changed, and the Holocaust forever remembered as one of the largest racist genocides in
New York Times journalist Hannah Arendt noted the trial seemed biased and meant to fit a Zionist agenda. Arendt noted that most of the survivors knew very little about Eichmann, but they did survive some of the most gruesome conditions during the Holocaust. It was obvious Hausner had conducted the trial in a manner in which he switched the view of the trial from Eichmann to the Holocaust survivors, in order to meet the government’s political platform.
...s of the Holocaust, the Allies held the Nuremberg Trials of 1945-46, which made the horrifying actions of the Nazis known all over. The Ally forces pressured Germany to create a homeland for those who suffered through the Holocaust. Over the decades that followed, ordinary Germans struggled with the Holocaust’s bitter legacy, as survivors and the families of victims tried to regain their property and wealth that was taking away during the Holocaust. In 1953, the German government made payments to individual Jews and to the Jewish people as a way of apologizing for the crimes which were committed by the German people.
The Nuremberg trial was built up to be the trial of the century. In the word's of Norman Birkett, who served as a British alternate judge: it was "the greatest trial in history" . The four most intriguing characters of this trial were of vast contradiction to each other; there was Herman Georing the relentless leader, Joachim von Ribbentrop the guilty and indecisive follower of Hitler, Hjalmar Schacth the arrogant financial wizard of the Rich and Albert Speer the remorseful head of armament and munitions. Three of the four allies wanted the Nazi leaders to be executed without a trial Winston Churchill said, "They should be rounded up and shot like dog's" but the Americans persuaded the other allies that a trial would be most beneficial from a public relations standpoint, so now with the allies agreed the stage for Nuremberg was set.
It was in December 1948, when it was approved unanimous the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide at France which became the 260th resolution of the General Assembly of the United Nations. What made the leaders of the 41 States create and sign this document in which the term Genocide was legally defined? This document serves as a permanent reminder of the actions made by the Nazis and their leader Adolf Hitler during the Holocaust where more than five million of European Jews were killed. In summary I will explain what were the events that leaded the ordinary Germans kill more than six million Jews in less than five years. To achieve this goal, I will base my arguments on the Double Spiral Degeneration Model provided by Doctor Olson during the spring semester of the Comparative Genocide class.
The Nuremberg Trials was unethically run and violated the rights of the Nazi leaders who were convicted of committing crimes against humanity. Primarily because the Allies sought to use the trials as a way to remind the Germans, who won the war ‘again’. Thus making it similar to the Treaty of Versailles in (19- ), through implying this notion of “Victors’ Justice”. Nevertheless, the Allies did to an extent ‘try’ to make the tribunal as ethical as possible,
The early approach towards victims under international criminal law followed common law thinking "and had relatively little to say with respect to victims". The example of this approach was the Nüremberg tribunal, which largely ignored the interests and needs of the victims.