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The rise of communism ww2
US propaganda and the cold war
The rise of communism ww2
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The Cold War was a time full of political tensions after the events of World War II. This led the Soviet Union and the United States (considered the two leading superpowers of the world) racing to Europe so they could influence their political agendas upon countries. The Soviet Union and the US also focused on military superiority, and built many nuclear weapons in the preparation of a full scale war. General George C. Marshall created a policy, which he thought was necessary for the defense of the American people. The policies of NSC-68 and George F. Kennan both addressed communism as a serious political threat not to be ignored, and was consistent with General Marshall’s argument to the extent of preparing for a war with Russia.
General George
A war does not necessarily require physical weapons to fight. From 1947 to 1991, military tension and ideological conflicts held place. Cold War is defined as a state of political hostility existing between countries, characterized by threats, violent propaganda, subversive activities, and other measures short of open warfare, in particular. The causes of the Cold War between United States and the Soviet Union were the mutual distrust that had taken place in World War II, intense rivalry between the two super powers, and conflicting ideologies. The two superpowers differed in views of political and economic principles and were eager to spread their ideologies to other countries. The United States were in favor of democracy and capitalism while the Soviet Union sought for the chances of influencing communism. Cold War did not involve the use of physical arms but was intensely fought. Propaganda, economic aids, Arms Race, and the creation of alliances were the main methods to fight the war. The use of propaganda played a crucial role in containment by criticizing the other power and raised the morale and spirit of their nation. The economic support for nations helped them recover from the desperate situation after World War II, which prevented the nations from falling under communism. Also, the Arms Race and forming alliances between the two main powers were important weapons for competition and rivalry in Cold War.
The Cold War was a period of dark and melancholic times when the entire world lived in fear that the boiling pot may spill. The protectionist measures taken by Eisenhower kept the communists in check to suspend the progression of USSR’s radical ambitions and programs. From the suspenseful delirium from the Cold War, the United States often engaged in a dangerous policy of brinksmanship through the mid-1950s. Fortunately, these actions did not lead to a global nuclear disaster as both the US and USSR fully understood what the weapons of mass destruction were capable of.
During the cold war, the United States engaged in many aggressive policies both at home and abroad, in which to fight communism and the spread of communist ideas. Faced with a new challenge and new global responsibilities the U.S. needed to retain what it had fought so strongly for in World War II. It needed to contain the communist ideas pouring from the Soviet Union while preventing communist influence at home, without triggering World War III. With the policies of containment, McCarthyism, and brinkmanship, the United States hoped to effectively stop the spread of communism and their newest threat, the Soviet Union.
The Manhattan Project had various short and long term affects around the world. Primarily, the research done to create an atomic bomb led to the discovery of how to harness nuclear power which affects our lives to this day. However, the Manhattan Project also led to the creation of two more atomic bombs which would be used in WWII, radiation poisoning resulting in the death of many , fear of nuclear weapons during the Cold War, the end of the Second World War which was still taking place in Japan, and the threat of nuclear weapons around the world that still exists.
The Soviet Union began to view the United States as a threat to communism, and the United States began to view the Soviet Union as a threat to democracy. On March 12, 1947, Truman gave a speech in which he argued that the United States should support nations trying to resist Soviet imperialism. Truman and his advisors created a foreign policy that consisted of giving reconstruction aid to Europe, and preventing Russian expansionism. These foreign policy decisions, as well as his involvement in the usage of the atomic bomb, raise the question of whether or not the Cold War can be blamed on Truman. Supporting the view that Truman was responsible for the Cold War, Arnold Offner argues that Truman’s parochialism and nationalism caused him to make contrary foreign policy decisions without regard to other nations, which caused the intense standoff between the Soviet Union and America that became the Cold War (Offner 291)....
The Manhattan Project The Manhattan Project was a research project, that created the United States first nuclear weapon, and led to its creation of the nuclear department during World War II. M.A.U.D. / M.A.U.D. group was created in 1940. Also, M.A.U.D was the secret name given to the group and it came from a phrase in a message from Niel Bohr (Cohen). This group produced a report that said that producing a fission bomb was possible. James Chadwick, a new member of the British M.A.U.D group, later wrote that at that time he realized that a nuclear bomb was able to be built in his lifetime.
At 5:30 AM July 16th 1945, the nuclear age had started. The world’s first atomic bomb was detonated. On August 6th 1942 at 8:15 AM, an American B-29 bomber, the Enola Gay, dropped a perfected atomic bomb created by the Americans, over the city of Hiroshima hoping to end the war. Thousands of people died in the two cities in Japan. They were Hiroshima and Nagasaki “the Manhattan Project”. The research and development project that produced these atomic bombs during this time was known as “the Manhattan Project”.
With this book, a major element of American history was analyzed. The Cold War is rampant with American foreign policy and influential in shaping the modern world. Strategies of Containment outlines American policy from the end of World War II until present day. Gaddis outlines the policies of presidents Truman, Eisenhower, Kennedy, Johnson, and Nixon, including policies influenced by others such as George Kennan, John Dulles, and Henry Kissinger. The author, John Lewis Gaddis has written many books on the Cold War and is an avid researcher in the field.
NSC-68, National Security Council Paper Number 68, was a Top-Secret report completed by the U.S. Department of State official Paul Nitze in April 1950 that stressed the importance of building the political economic and military power of the US and was presented to President Harry Truman. This manifesto described the Cold War as an epic struggle between “the idea of freedom” and the “idea of slavery under the grim oligarchy of the Kremlin.” It helps to spur a dramatic increase in American military spending, the massive military buildup, and the development of the hydrogen bomb. It also encourages its allies around the world to also take part of that massive military buildup. Between 1945 and 1949, the
The launch of the two atomic bombs on Japan in August 1945 will lead to a long
The United States has undergone a tremendous change involving drastic and sometimes significant evolvement since the 1st World War until the year we are today 2017. If there is one thing that the United States has never compromised is the matter of National Security, Terrorism and the safety of the Americans. U.S always values peace and prosperity through diplomatic negotiations between its rival nations. After the 2nd World War, the era of the 2nd Cold War was at an alarming state in the U.S. The USSR has a lot of power over the U.S in terms of military deployment in case of war, more power in terms of the weapons they had. The U.S military was not well equipped with the needed resources for combat in case of war eruption.
After the end of World War II, the Soviets and the United States had to work in unison to come up with a plan of the rebuilding of the nation of Germany. However, disagreements and tensions began to rise between the two dominant countries during the war. They continued to dispute between territory and ideologies and ultimately led to a figurative war called the Cold War. This was based on the idea that were would be no actual physical collision however, they would attack each other through propaganda and spread of world dominance. Immediately following the end of the war, the fear of the American public began to rise over communism infiltrating American ideologies. The administration of Dwight D. Eisenhower failed to address and calm these fears such as the fear of communism spreading, the brink of nuclear war, and the arms and space race.
In April of 1950, an announcement to the President of the United States was made, expressing the unavoidable plan of the Soviet Union to assume control over the world by its aspiration to wind up the single overwhelming politically influential nation by growing communism and Soviet expert to non-Soviet zone's of the world, popularly known as NSC 68. Furthermore, NSC 68 was a document handed to the president for the betterment of the United States’ Military when Soviet Union was highly influential. The Cold War between the United States and the Soviet Union was as its exponential peak after the world war II. Numerous nations in the Europe endured tremendous misfortunes and the conditions at that point, saw the two
On August 2, 1939 Franklin D. Roosevelt received a letter from the famous, German physicist Albert Einstein. It stated and explained the potential of using uranium as a weapon of mass destruction, and that the United States would be wise to begin funding a project for this (Kross). Franklin D. Roosevelt didn't see a need to start full force on a project like this until after the attack on Pearl Harbor. After Congress declares on both Japan and Germany, Franklin D. Roosevelt puts General Leslie R. Groves in charge of the project. Groves named the project: "So that top-secret endeavor to build the atomic bomb got the most boring of cover names: The Manhattan Engineer District, in time shortened to The Manhattan Project"(Broad). As the project grew the city of Manhattan's role shrank and by 1943,"… the Manhattan Project was not physically located in New York City but scattered across the country" (Kelly 219). The first "secret city" was Los Alamos in California and Groves was so concerned about secrecy, people actually had a pass they had to carry with them when they left because without it, coming back into the secret gated city of Los Alamos was nearly impossible. Most of the time even with the secret cities, many worked at universities or even their own businesses: "It was supersecret, at least 5,000 people were coming and going to work, knowing only enough to get the job done" (Broad). People also literally had to up root themselves and move all the way across the country to Santa Fe California and they could not tell anyone where they were going. Not only was there just scientists, there was physicists, engineers, military personnel and families. At one point the Columbia University had 700 people employed in the project and ...
The end of this hot war brought upon a Cold War that so too would be waged over the fate of the world. In order to win this new style of warfare, the US enacted new foreign policies in the immediate post-war era. This was revolutionary for a nation that previously dwelled in isolation for a predominant portion of its history. The Truman Doctrine and the Marshall Plan put the US at the center of the free world trying to combat the slave society that the USSR promoted (NSC-68, 8). However, these two policies were not sufficient enough to complete the task that the US demanded: “frustrating the Kremlin design” (NSC-68, 12). NSC-68 called for a larger approach to tackling the Kremlin in the form of escalation of key elements, like political, economic, and military, both domestically and internationally (NSC-68, 2-a). By continuing its Cold War logic and expanding upon it, the US hopes to hasten the inevitable downfall of a regime that once stood alongside them in the war that created the Cold