Negritude, Harlem Renaissance

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During the 1920s and 1930s in particular, the French capital, more perhaps than anywhere else in the world, was the center of African diasporic intellectual production, playing host to three of its most influential strands: Negritude , Harlem Renaissance ( many of whose members summered in Paris), and jazz. Several parallel though unconnected movements- Cuban literary movement “Negrismo” akin to French-speaking Haiti and Martinique in Negro renaissance in the United States that followed the First World War, in Marcus Garvey’s much reviled “back to Africa movement” and in W. Du Bois’s Pan Africanism created an atmosphere which fostered Negro self consciousness. Negritude was the culmination of all these efforts at affirming the cultural authenticity

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