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Narcissistic personality disorder essay summary
Narcissistic personality disorder essay summary
Narcissistic personality disorder kernberg essay
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Narcissistic personality disorder is condition where an affected person has a superiority complex, or elevated feeling of self worth. These people do not experience much empathy for others, and often suffer problems in social situations such as work, or relationships. In contrast to the grandiosity they may present, under the surface these individuals have very a fragile self confidence and are easily hurt by criticism. Causes The exact cause of Narcissistic personality is not fully known or understood. Like many other personality disorders, it is believed that many factors combine to create this disorder. Genetics along with unbalanced parenting styles can form a “perfect storm” in which the disorder can grow. Risk Factors • Affects …show more content…
more men than women. • Starts in late adolescence into early adulthood. (younger ages are still developing behaviorally and should not be diagnosed with this disorder until reaching adulthood). • Having a parent who criticizes fears/failures while putting too much emphasis on the child’s specialness. • A kid who has an unusual, shallow sense of perfection. Signs & Symptoms [ Physical ] No real physical symptoms exist, it is mainly behavioral. Depression and anxiety can have symptoms that qualify as both. • Depression or moodiness [ Behavioral ] • Coming off as boastful or conceited • Belittle others • Inflated sense of entitlement • Easily angered or impatient • Difficult getting criticism • Inner feelings of insecurity • Anxiety • Depression • Requires constant appreciation • Takes advantages of others Treatment Psychotherapy – is a very helpful form of treatment for this disorder.
During talk therapy, the client can learn to better associate with other people, leading to more fulfilling and enjoyable relationships. During this therapy, the client can learn to identify negative behaviors, understand what is causing it and eventually learn how to more positively cope with their emotions. Cognitive Behavioral therapy – for this disorder, the therapist and patient will focus on developing more assertiveness along with more positive attitudes and outlook of themselves as they relate to their environment and in social relationships. Medications – there are no medications specifically approved or used for the treatment of Narcissistic personality disorder, any drugs prescribed are to treat depression, anxiety or any other underlying healthy issues. • Antidepressants (SSRI’s) – Prozac (Fluoxetine), Paxil (Paroxetine), Lexapro (Escitalopram), Celexa (Citalopram) and Zoloft (Sertraline) to help with depressive symptoms or mood problems associated with dependent personality …show more content…
disorder. • Antipsychotics – Risperdal (Risperidone) to help manage mood instability, psychosis or lack of impulse control in patients with NPD.
• Mood Stabilizers – Lamictal (Lamotrigine), Depakote (Valproic Acid) and Lithobid (Lithium) to help regulate impulses. Alternative treatment – stress reduction techniques like yoga, daily meditation and deep breathing exercises. Treatment Goals The goal of therapy is about encouraging the affected individual to feel more independent as well as exhibiting a more active involvement in relationships, to include forming more healthy interdependent relationships. Medications used for these patients are mainly used to manage depression and anxiety symptoms. Nursing Interventions 1. Assess client’s current mental status and LOC. Rationale: determine a baseline as well as the client’s current state of mind. 2. Assist the client to identifying consequences related to their hostile behavior and frequent criticism. Rationale: identification will then allow them to start being responsible for their actions, thoughts and feelings. 3. Do not respond to clients condescending statements. Rationale: responding to negative behavior will reinforce that it is acceptable. It is best to ignore
it. 4. Encourage the client to develop a daily routine and set limits. Rationale: limits and chores will give them responsibility. 5. Involve the client in the planning of their care. Rationale: this will encourage participation and cooperation. 6. Administer Lamictal (Lamotrigine) as ordered by the doctor for impulse control. • Monitor closely for changes in behavior that may indicate worsening suicidal thoughts. • Assess for skin rash frequently. (Stevens-Johnson syndrome) • Monitor for S/S of multiorgan hypersensitivity (rash, fever, lymphadenopathy). • If seizures are present, assess location, duration and characteristics. 7. Encourage the client to become involved in outside group activities. Rationale: this will force them to be around other people and pay attention to them rather than him or herself. 8. Support the client while not giving in to their love for attention. Rationale: the client needs support which will help them build self-esteem. Goals/Outcome • Client will be able to demonstrate positive social interaction with minimal to no belittlement of others. • The client will demonstrate an increase in empathy towards others. • The client will express new self esteem and learn to take criticism constructively.
Treating depressive and bipolar disorders with antidepressants remains a popular option in clinical practice. Most clinicians choose the drug or class of drugs, usually selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, SSRI's, that is most effective and best tolerated with fewer severe side effects. These drugs are beneficial because they specifically target serotonin-based areas of the brain without affecting other neurotransmitter systems. SSRI's largely replaced tricyclic antidepressants which work by blocking the absorption (reuptake) of the neurotransmitters serotonin and norepinephrine, thereby increasing the levels of these two neurotransmitters in the brain. Tricyclic antidepressants present severe side effects and thus are usually only used when other treatments have failed. If SSRI's or tricyclics are not effective Monoamine oxidase inhibitors may be prescribed. MAOI's, enhance tyramine to increase norepinephrine and serotonin. While taking MAOI's you must abstain from foods and alcohol that contain tyramine such as, yogurt, aged cheese, and substances such as cold medications. This is because a potential toxic reaction could occur. Additionally, other antidepressants may be utilized such as Wellbutrin (bupropion) an NDRI-
... By scheduling an activity that the client can participate in and complete, it can give them a sense of mastery in a specific task. This can be beneficial for the client to feel accomplished. Another technique that I feel can be beneficial in therapy is role-playing. Role-playing can be helpful for a client to learn how to dispute irrational beliefs by becoming aware of negative feelings towards theses beliefs (Tan, 2011). In addition, role-playing can help the client to overcome their emotions and practice coping skills that are more effective. The last technique I would incorporate into therapy would be relaxation training. I would suggest ways that can help the client relax including, deep breathing, meditation, yoga, a massage or exercising. By getting the client to have methods to relax, I think it can help with managing their thoughts, feelings and behaviors.
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, CBT, is a theoretical approach to counseling that involves the restructuring of a persons’ negative thoughts into something more positive. An example in the book, Helping Professionals, describes a husband arriving home late from work and how the wife can change her mindset to be more positive as to why he was late. If she thinks that he is stuck in traffic, she might be mad at the situation but not at home, if she thinks that he is going out with friends because he is falling out of love with her, she will be mad and hurt and that can cause great turmoil in their lives. By changing the way someone thinks about situations, it can change their emotion and in turn their behavior. There are many techniques that work
Narcissistic Personality Disorder Arrogance; an insulting way of thinking or behaving that comes from believing that you are better, smarter, or more important than other people. Arrogance is an attitude that can describe any individual with overbearing pride. However, American Psychiatric Association notes that people who are also narcissistic are frequently described as cocky, self-centered, manipulative, and demanding. According to Paul J. Hannig, Ph.D, Narcissistic Personality Disorder is “a pervasive pattern of grandiosity (in fantasy or behavior), need for admiration, and lack of empathy” (Ashmun). By examining the relationships, behaviors, and internal conflicts within, Willa Cather’s Paul’s Case, Paul’s “case” can be diagnosed as Narcissistic Personality Disorder.
According to the Mayo Clinic, narcissistic personality disorder “is a mental disorder in which people have an inflated sense of their own importance, a deep need for admiration and a lack of empathy for others.” Generally people that suffer from narcissistic personality disorder
The "Narcissistic Personality Disorder." Mayo Clinic. Ed.
In each of these four areas, the behavior can look different. For example, one style of distorted thinking can lead the person to have an inflated sense of self while another’s can lead to chronic self-loathing. This paper will compare and contrast histrionic and narcissistic personality disorders.
When looking at the United States Presidents, we picture the president to embody great leadership skill, who could show strong communication skill, and be in a position to display power. When people elected the president, there are certain quality traits and skill that the president need to display. Some people will view the president as grandiose narcissism, while others may have a different perspective of the president. People who are narcissist, believe their selves to become more important than others. Narcissist people are also overconfident of their decision making, and have difficulty at learning from their mistake (Watts, Lilienfeld, Smith, Miller, Campbell, Waldman, Rubenzer, & Faschingbauer, 2013). There are different types of characteristics of narcissism: vulnerable and grandiose. Vulnerable narcissistic people, who are become anxious when they are not regarded as royalty. People who are vulnerable narcissism shows coming back and forward between feelings superiority and inferiority (Rohmann, Neumann, Herner, & Bierhoff, 2012). While grandiose narcissistic people are types to be viewed as leaders, however narcissistic people are overconfidence and put their needs before others.
The therapist will ask a variety of questions and based on the responses they will seek meaning in those responses, a type of Socratic line of questioning. This line of questioning is to get the patient to view problems differently and come up with alternative solutions. When these alternative solutions are identified then experiments can be conducted to test if these solutions will work. When the patient responds with avoidance, lessened activity or behaviors that can be detrimental to their treatment they risk having the problems continuing or the person feeling worse. The therapist will work to gradually lessen the patient’s anxiety to the point where they are comfortable with trying new behavior skills that will eventually get rid of the
Firstly, what is exactly narcissism? The word ‘narcissism’ was derived from an ancient Greek myth of Narcissus. Narcissus was depicted as a handsome young man who adored his looks very much. Many young maidens fell in love with him but he criticizes them for being too ugly for him. One day, he fell in love with his own reflection in a pool of water. However, he accidentally drowned himself as he tried to touch his reflection. Hence, the word ‘narcissism’ is usually depicted as a personality that reflects excessive of self-love on oneself. Individuals who are narcissistic are usually described as somebody who is selfish, snobbish or proud. This is because narcissistic individual processes information obtained differently than others. They believe that they deserve more than others since they think they are more superior in every aspect. Due to their sense of grandiosity, they will do anything in order t...
For some individuals, the need for admiration and self-importance exceeds the norms, this is where narcissism comes into play. Narcissism is a personality disorder that many people in countries worldwide suffer from. Someone who suffers from this personality disorder holds abnormal behaviors that shows a need for appreciation and usually lack empathy for others. They are considered to be extremely selfish and revolves around self-centeredness. What happens when a narcissistic individual becomes a parent? There are many different ways parents raise their children; the common parenting techniques used are determined as authoritative, authoritarian, and permissive. The different parenting styles also
This is a difficult question because there is an assortment of answers, which vary depending on the individual. Possibly, clients come to therapy because they are overwhelmed by problems. Considering the narrative approach clients come to therapy because of dominant discourses that have created problem saturated stories in their lives. Clients come to therapy in search of change.
Narcissism is synonymous with self-admiration, self-absorption, conceit. One can speculate what makes a person feel so entitled to so much attention and admiration. According to mayoclinic.org, It 's not known what causes narcissistic personality disorder. As with other mental disorders, the cause is likely complex. The cause may be linked to a dysfunctional childhood, such as excessive pampering, extremely high expectations or abuse. Narcissism can start early on in adolescence. Once a child reaches adulthood with narcissistic traits, they walk around like they are they’re the one that holds society together. An example of one person many would portray as a textbook narcissist, Kanye West. Kanye West is obviously a well known rap artist who maintains a personality that is synonymous with cocky and self-obsessed. West feels entitled to world-wide fame and recognition. West went on a radio show hosted by ‘Sway’ of ‘Shade 45’ and proceeded to make wild, compassionate claims about his creative genius; “I am standing up and I 'm telling you. I. Am. Warhol. I am the number one most impactful artist of our generation, in the flesh. I am Shakespeare, Walt Disney. Nike. Google. Now who 's gonna be the Medici Family and stand up and let me create more?” As the reader can tell, West is very passionate and thinks very, very highly of himself. This is a prime example of
An individual who suffers from narcissistic personality disorder will often always seem pleased with themselves no matter what. These people adopt the mindset that they are great and there exists no one like them and there is no one that can ever match the talents that they have. An example of a person that would suffer from narcissistic personality disorder could be described as an African American or Hispanic male, who falls in the age range of 15-24 year...
Have you ever had the pleasure of working with an individual who was completely full of themselves? This person loved to be the center of attention and the topic of every subject, had extravagant dreams and considered themselves to be a person of many talents. This same person believed that they were a better leader than you would ever be and had no problem telling you that. He or she thought that the best way to gain the admiration of others and receive confirmation of their authority was by “talking down” to those who threaten them. The qualities that I mentioned are all common traits of a narcissist. Narcissist tend to think that they are better leaders than what they actually are according to their peers and coworkers. Proverbs 29:2 says "When the righteous are in authority, the people rejoice; but when the wicked beareth rule, the people mourn" (King James Bible Online, 2015).