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How does solute concentration affect osmosis
The effect of solute concentration on the rate of osmosis
Ia introduction on osmosis
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INTRODUCTION
The purpose of this experiment is to show the effect of different concentration of solutions and the amount of osmotic activity between the solutions and three 3 naked eggs. A naked egg has a selectively permeable membrane. Osmosis is the crossing of solvent molecules from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration through a selectively permeable membrane. In other words, a selectively permeable membrane means the control of substances or molecules passing in and out of the membrane by the cell membrane. A difference in solute concentration through a cell membrane will allow water flow by osmosis into the area with higher concentration of trapped molecules or substances. Concentrations with greater non permeable solute particles like protein in a solution, the
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The osmotic pressure of a hypotonic solution is lower than body fluids or other solutions; it swells by gaining water through osmosis. In hypertonic solutions, the osmotic pressure is higher than body fluids or other solutions; it loses water through osmosis and shrinks.
HYPOTHESIS
My hypothesis or guess is that the eggs will swell or increase in weight by showing that osmosis will occur by the different concentration of the solution so that a balance or osmotic equilibrium is reached.
MATERIALS USED
3 naked eggs
3 glass jars with lids
White vinegar
Karo (Corn syrup)
Water
Lemon juice
A ruler for measurement
A tiny rope/string
A flat plate to place the eggs on
A spoon to scoop the eggs from the jars
A camera to take pictures
A pen and a paper to note/record measurements of eggs
METHOD
Day 1 – Dissolving the shells of the eggs to make them naked
Carefully put the eggs one after the other in the three empty glass jars
Pour the white vinegar into the jars containing the eggs enough to cover the eggs
Cover the glass jars with the lids and place the jars in the fridge for 36 – 48hrs
DAY 2 – Jars in eggs still in the
Each subsequent trial will use one gram more. 2.Put baking soda into reaction vessel. 3.Measure 40 mL vinegar. 4.Completely fill 1000 mL graduated cylinder with water.
To start the lab, we got an egg and placed it in different substances to see how the egg would react to the substances. The first day we weighed the egg before putting it in a cup of vinegar, the egg weighed 55.47 grams, we left the egg here for approximately forty-eight hours. The second day, the egg was still in the vinegar. The third day we moved it into the corn syrup where it stayed until the next morning, the egg weighed 76.66 grams.
Aim To find the concentration of sucrose in cells of carrot and potato. Osmosis When a substance such as sugar dissolves in water, the sugar molecules attract some of the water molecules and they stick to the sugar molecules. This means that there are fewer free water molecules in the solution. When two different sugar solutions come into contact with each other through a partially permeable membrane the free molecules can go through the membrane easily but the sugar molecules are too big. If one of the solutions has more free molecules than the other then more of those free molecules will pass through the membrane than the other way round, hence the definition.
Step 3: Q5. The salt that was placed on the egg turned into ‘sweat’ like beads on the egg. Q6. There is a higher water concentration inside the egg, causing the water to travel through the egg to the salt. The salt creates osmotic pressure on the water molecules in the egg.
I would advise them to make a pillow like contraption that would allow the egg to land on it with out rolling of the pillow.
This occurs when special carrier proteins carry solutes dissolved in the water across the membrane by using active transport. When the concentration gradient can not allow travel from one side of the membrane to the other fast enough for the cell’s nutritional needs, then facilitated diffusion is used. The transport protein is specialized for the solute it is carrying, just as enzymes are specialized for their substrate. The transport protein can be
The direction of osmosis depends on the relative concentration of the solutes on the two sides. In osmosis, water can travel in three different ways. If the molecules outside the cell are lower than the concentration in the cytosol, the solution is said to be hypotonic to the cytosol, in this process, water diffuses into the cell until equilibrium is established. If the molecules outside the cell are higher than the concentration in the cytosol, the solution is said to be hypertonic to the cytosol, in this process, water diffuses out of the cell until equilibrium exists. If the molecules outside and inside the cell are equal, the solution is said to be isotonic to the cytosol, in this process, water diffuses into and out of the cell at equal rates, causing no net movement of water. In osmosis the cell is selectively permeable, meaning that it only allows certain substances to be transferred into and out of the cell. In osmosis, the proteins only on the surface are called peripheral proteins, which form carbohydrate chains whose purpose is used like antennae for communication. Embedded in the peripheral proteins are integral
Planning Firstly here is a list of equipment I used. Boiling tubes Weighing scales Knife Paper towels 100% solution 0% solution (distilled water) measuring beakers potato chips Cork borer. We planned to start our experiment by doing some preliminary work. We planned to set up our experiment in the following way.
Osmosis is the facilitated diffusion of water across the cell membrane of a cell. The inside layer of the cell membrane is hydrophilic, meaning water cannot easily pass through the membrane. The cell membrane has to have aquaporins, which are water channel proteins, that move the water across the membrane. If there is a water and salt solution outside the cell, the salt can enter the cell by diffusion, but the cell membrane is not permeable to the water. Because there is more solute solution inside the cell, there is less water. The aquaporins move the water across the membrane until equilibrium is reached.
Potato 2. Standard sugar solution (1molar) 3. Wash bottle 4. Test tubes and test - tube rack 5. Cork borer-size (4mm diameter) 6.
Diffusion and osmosis are necessary for the efficient transport of substances in and out of living cells. Diffusion is the most common and effective transportation process between cells and their surroundings, the movement of a substance along a concentration gradient from high to low, allowing essential nutrients and compounds to be transported without expending energy. Osmosis is a special kind of diffusion, specific to water. In order to observe diffusion and osmosis in real and artificial cells, a series of experiments was put together to observe how the surface area to volume ratio effects the rates of diffusion by using agar in different shapes with different ratios, next the rate of diffusion due to tonicity was observed using different solutions with different tonicities. And lastly live plant cells were submerged in different solutions with varying water potentials to observe how was potential effects the rate of osmosis and diffusion. It was concluded that the larger surface area to volume ratio, the faster rate of diffusion, the hypertonic solutions caused water to leave a cell and the hypotonic solutions allowed water to enter a cell, and that water potential will move from high to low in an attempt to maintain equilibrium.
== = This experiment is based on the concept of Osmosis. Osmosis is the diffusion of water molecules from a region of high water concentration to a low water concentration through a semi permeable membrane (in this case, the cell potato cell membrane). The cell walls of the potato cells are semi permeable meaning that water molecules (which are small) can fit through but other bigger molecules such as glucose cannot pass through. The water molecules can flow both ways through the membrane, letting molecules both in and out.
== § Test tubes X 11 § 0.10 molar dm -3 Copper (II) Sulphate solution § distilled water § egg albumen from 3 eggs. § Syringe X 12 § colorimeter § tripod § 100ml beaker § Bunsen burner § test tube holder § safety glasses § gloves § test tube pen § test tube method = == = =
Osmosis in Potato Tubes Osmosis: Osmosis is the movement of water molecules through a semi-permeable membrane from a high concentration to a low concentration. Diagram: [IMAGE] [IMAGE] Aim: To see the effects of different concentration of sugar solution on Osmosis in potato tubes. Key factor: In the investigation we change the sugar solution from: 0%-10%-20%-30%-40%-50% this is the independent variable; the dependant variable is the change in mass. Prediction: I predict that all the potato tubes in pure water or low concentration sugar solution will swell because water enters their cells by osmosis.
Osmosis is the passage of water molecules from a weaker solution to a stronger solution through a partially permeable membrane. A partially permeable membrane only allows small molecules to pass through, so the larger molecules remain in the solution they originated in. Solute molecule [IMAGE] [IMAGE] Water molecule [IMAGE] The water molecules move into the more concentrated solution. When water enters a plant cell it swells up. The water pushes against the cell wall and the cell eventually contains all that it can hold.