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Partition of India / Pakistan in paragraph writing about 600 words
Relationship between India and Pakistan since the partition essay
About the partition of india / Pakistan in paragraph writing about 600 words
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Mohammad Ali Jinnah
On August 14, 1947, the new Islamic Republic of Pakistan was formed. At midnight the next day India won its freedom from British rule after 350 years of its presence. The British left India divided in two separate countries, which were founded on the basis of religion.
There were several reasons for the partition of India and three different parties all contributed to it. These parties were the British, the Indian National Congress, and the Muslim League.
The British had based their knowledge of the people of India on their religious backgrounds and on the innate differences rather then the way that they were in the present time. The British were also fearful of the threat of Muslims who had been the former rulers for over 300 years under the Mughal Empire (Mahmud 148). So, the idea of separateness had been built in between the Muslims and the Hindus by their government.
The Muslims were difficult in accepting the changes of colonial power and they refused to learn English and to associate with the British. This was a severe setback for them because the Hindus were then able to hold better positions in the government. Sir Syed Ahmed Khan, a social reformer and educator, taught the Muslims that education and cooperation with the British was necessary for their survival in the society. Khan was also the first to come up with the idea of a separate Muslim nation.
Hindu revivalists also made the tension stronger between the Muslims and the Hindus. They resented the Muslims for their former rule over India. The revivalists rallied for a ban on the slaughter of cows which was a cheap source of meat for the Muslims, but sacred to the Hindus, and they tried to rally for Hindi to become the ...
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...he two sides and a plan was made to partition the subcontinent and hand the power over to two successor states on August 15, 1947 (5).
Once Pakistan was finally formed, Mohammad Ali Jinnah was recognized for his contributions by being nominated by the Muslim League as the Governor-General of Pakistan.
Many say that the Muslims were very fortunate to have Jinnah during their difficult struggle for Pakistan. “It is true that the destinies of nations are molded by their innermost urges and their determination to achieve their purpose, but if they fail to produce a leader of the necessary ability and stature at the crucial moment, their urges may be frustrated and their determination may prove of little avail” (Qureshi 306). Mohammad Ali Jinnah was that leader that helped the Muslims form their own nation and grant them with the rights that they truly deserved.
Not only did the inequality and separation of the Indian society frustrate the citizens of India, but the imperialism Britain had upon them as well. In the early 20th century, Indian nationalists wanted to take a stand against the British rule and make India independent. The British created unfair laws that created a nationalist movement in India to regain their freedom. He believed that there should not be a Caste System because of one’s birth.
16[16] “Aurangzeb Alamgir’s Reign.” The Story of Pakistan [online]. 2003- [cited 17 November 2003]. Available on World Wide Web: (http://www.storyofpakistan.com/articletext.asp?artid=A019)
The Indian Independence Bill, which carves the independent nations of India and Pakistan out of the former Mogul Empire. The long-awaited agreement ended 200 years of British rule. The religious friction between Hindus and Muslims, which had delayed Britain’s granting of Indian independence after World War II, messed with Gandhi’s excitement. In the northern province of Punjab, (which was divided between Hindu-dominated India and Muslim-dominated Pakistan), hundreds of people were killed in the first few days after independence.
The Indian government initially rejected the demand. Subsequently, the Sikh leaders started demanding more freedom for the state, since the government was discriminating against the Sikhs and Punjab itself. After a series of protests, violent action was taken against the Sikhs to stop them from protesting. In fact, about
The most threatening conflict between Hindus and Muslims is the province of Kashmir. This is where the decision to divide India into India and Pakistan seems to have been a terrible mistake. Kashmir, which is the only Muslim majority city in India, lies between the divided India and Pakistan. After India’s independence in the 1940’s, Kashmir had to choose to either unite with India or Pakistan. The Prince of Kashmir chose India but Pakistan invaded the province soon after and have occupied part of Kashmir since then. Controversy still surrounds the province today because naturally, Muslims want to control it. While many Muslims relocated to Pakistan and the Hindus to India, half of the Muslim population was left in India and their relations did not improve after being partially separated.
There is a distinct difference between popular Indian nationalism, that is the nation believing in a state independent of Britain, and Indian nationalist movements, for example the Muslim League or the Hindu revivalist movement. These movements fought for independence but were far more religiously orientated and were fighting in their own interests. Although Indian nationalism initially found expression in the Mutiny of 1857, its deve...
This cultural difference made It clear that the hindus and the muslim were separate nations on religious grounds. When the muslim were governing the sub-continent, clashes between hindus and muslim were negilible inspite of the difference but during the british rule, this difference became very apparent.
Introduction In late 1947, the newly created states of India and Pakistan went to war over the valley of Kashmir. A United Nations brokered ceasefire divided the state into Indian and Pakistani controlled territories, and resolved that a referendum would be held in which the people of Kashmir would be able to choose to join either country. The referendum has not been held to date. India granted its portion of Kashmir a special status within its constitution, allowing for a great degree of self-autonomy.
Military leaders began to take all the decisions. But they were even more one-sided with the West Pakistan and the alienation increased. Sheikh Mujibur Rahman was the leader of East Pakistan at that moment. He fought for the rights of East Pakistan. He proposed Six Points movement which was really important for the change.
1909-Revocation of Partition of Bengal. Creates anti-British and anti-Hindu sentiments among Muslims as they lose their majority in East Bengal.
The Indian garrison at Delhi joined the mutineers and proclaimed Bahadur Shah, the titular Mughal emperor as their leader.The capture of Delhi turned the mutiny into a wide-spread revolt. But the leaders were not united, because they sought to revive former Hindu and Muslim regimes, which traditionally had been opposed to each other.
The British administered India for a period of about two centuries and brought about revolutionary changes in
...tween the Hindus and Muslims, Jinnah felt that Muslims had no future in India (Overfield 216). With the end of British rule in 1947, not only did India gain its independence but also along with it was born an other country, Pakistan where Jinnah served as the first governor (Overfield 216). With the gain of India’s independence, Gandhi was shot the following year in 1948 by a Hindu zealot who resented his commitment to Hindu – Muslim harmony (Overfield 212).
When the British, Muslim League, and India agreed to create the Muslim state of Pakistan and India’s independence from Great Britain in 1947 the subcontinent was divided into modern day Pakistan and India. The area of Kashmir and Jammu was not apportioned to either Pakistan or India, which led to the current militarization of the region by both countries with each staking exclusive rights to the land once they were created and gained independence from British rule. The Pakistanis believe the area should be apportioned to them largely because of the Muslim majority that inhabits the area, the Indians on the other hand have long controlled this region throughout its history and consider its rights to the region to be inherent. (Schmidt,
In January 1910, after three years Mohammad Ali Jinnah was elected to the Imperial Legisla...