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The psychological effects of bullying among children
Causes of bullying and solutions
Bullying and social issues
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Recommended: The psychological effects of bullying among children
Missing Voices in School Bullying
Bullying is the action committed by an individual (Bully) or a group of people (Bullies) who make use of their superior strength or influences to intimidate someone and force them to do what the bully or bullies wants. It is a very common issue globally and mostly in the North America where such incidents have led to tragically deaths such as Amanda Todd’s who was a victim of cyber bullying, Cora Delille who killed herself because she was a victim of bullying as well. Bullying is a human-initiated problem and victimization can be controlled to save a lot of elementary and high-school children who go through the phase of confronting such challenges and I believe by simply voicing this issue more, the awareness
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(2014) mentioned students who were victims bullying in schools were due or related to deprived social relationships, economic status, low quality of life and exposure to different forms of early hardship through internalizing and externalizing during childhood. The bullies had strength or power came from strength in numbers or belonged to a high class family and is from a very influential environment and start the bullying as intent of doing harm to the victim. Pepler et al. (2006) also believed to observe the attributes of the victimized students were the different races and ethnicities, such that one was bullied simply because he or she was belonged mixed culture. Victims with parents from bi-culture (different countries) would be bullied because their parent would be having different skin color thus encounter teasing and name calling. (Sawyer et al., 2011) states the different types of Bullying, for example, physical (Direct) which comprises of beating and spitting; verbal threats of dangers, teasing and insults, social gossiping so as to torment which can be indirect means, socially excluding somebody and in conclusion digital spreading (cyber-bullying) malicious messages or content about someone through means of technology without confrontation for example, social exclusions. They also mention the importance of assisting children who are victimized and in need of support and also understanding parents view about bullying and how they identify …show more content…
(2014) victimization can cause oneself to have suicidal attitudes, depression and low confidence on that associates “with poor mental, physical and cognitive health outcomes at least to middle adulthood” (Takizawa et al., 2014, p.781). Since bullying is a sensitive issue forcing victims to avoid going to schools thus lowering their IQ and increasing signs of depression such as quietness and suicidal thoughts. Sawyer et al. (2011) mentions the importance of parental involvement regarding the issue. He states:
The way parents define and conceptualize bullying can influence whether and how they respond or intervene. Indeed, the victimized child’s inability to defend him or herself during bullying interaction is integral to the bullying dynamic, and thus requires adult intervention. (p.1796).
Parents need to be taught what bullying is and how to support a child who is victimized and help them move out through the troublesome phase through involving them in other extracurricular activities, sending them to self-defense lessons, changing their school. Pepler et al. (2006) states the use of aggression as a form of bullying behavior through which people who bully are likely to build power and control over the weaker ones and believes those individuals need to be identified in order to prevent any physically aggressive behaviors that could lead on to further
According to a study conducted by the American Medical Association, “ over 15,000 6th-10th graders, approximately 3.7 million youths engage in and more than 3.2 million are victims of moderate or serious bullying each year” (Cohn, A, & Canter, A, 2003). Bullying not only takes place in person but can presented in many different forms and manners. Some including online or more formally known as cyberbullying, where a person is threatened by the means of online communication or social networking. According to Statistics Canada (2009), “1 in 10 adults living in a household with children reported a child victim of cyberbullying” (StatsCan, 2009). Other types of bullying include physical bullying, where a person is at a risk of physical threats. Verbal bullying, where a person deals with a the use of words to verbally upset the victim (Cohn, A & Canter A, 2003). Also emotional bullying which can include things such as spreading rumours with the intent on hurting the victims feelings.
Bullying has become a major problem facing the United States today. The American Psychological Association reports that roughly 40% to 80% of children are involved in bullying on some level during their time in school. (APA, 2014) The magnitude of the problem can be observed in the statistics. In the United States, a total of 4,080,879 children between the ages of five and 18 have been the victims of bullying compared to 3,892,199 who have reported that they have engaged in bullying someone else. Additionally, 851,755 said that they have been both the victim and the bully. That's a whopping 8,824,833 people in the United States that have been involved in bullying behavior on one level or another. (High, B., 2000 Census)
Bullying has been the getting more and more attention in research for the past few years, because many individuals have been seriously hurt physically, damaged psychologically, and even killed literally due to bully-ism. Since bullying is brought about by an imbalance of power is it fair to say, bullying is a systematic tool of violence used to intimidate and maintain dominance (Coloroso, p.
Over the last decade, bullying has really been a worldwide issue. Bullying is affecting children all over the world and has grown into a huge epidemic. According to the National Education Association, “160,000 kids stay home from school each day to ...
America has struggled with bullying for many decades. Bullying is a broad topic. Bullying can be defined many different ways as well as expressed in different ways and places. Bullying has different effects on everyone. Bullying is not only physical, but also affects the victim emotionally and socially. Cyber bullying and verbal bullying are different ways someone harms another person. Sexual harassment is a major form of bullying as well. “Bullying Laws” defines cyberbullying as online emails, text messages, or posts on social media and other websites (“Bullying Laws”). Examples of verbal bullying would be name-calling, threatening, and teasing. Bullying can be between peers, or between different ages. People are not aware of the laws that are in place. “As of October, 2010, 45 states had bullying laws” (“Bullying Laws”). Due to the fact, bullying is so common between many age groups and done in many ways, it is important to recognize the problem and make policies and laws to reduce bullying between all ages.
Some children have normalized the bullying culture and can no longer recognize what is and isn’t bullying. By adding anti-bullying programs schools, including administration and parents, will be aware of all forms of bullying and what they could do to help the cause. There are many forms of anti-bullying programs said to be built for the many different forms of bullying. There are programs that find the parents to be the source of the solution. This includes schools sending guides to the parents homes to teach how to deal with bullying, and to begin a discussion on how to talk about bullying with their child, which often leads to therapeutic talks. Programs that only involve schools are filled with anti-bullying messages throughout the school year that reinforce positive behavior. There also are programs that include both forces, parents and schools. These programs according to Elizabeth Lawner and Mary Terzian in “What Works for Bullying Programs: lessons from experimental evaluations of programs and evaluation” say “Five of the six programs that involved parents and implemented a whole-school approach worked for at least
Everyone has been bullied or encountered someone being bullied at some point of their life. Whether it would be physically or verbally both can be exceedingly traumatizing and can have a long-term psychological influence on children’s development. Majority people may define bullying in a more physical term; nevertheless that’s not always the case. The act of bullying can occur in several ways and in reality affect the individual in the same way. Bullying is generally defined as repeated, negative, and harmful actions focused at target throughout a course of time, exhibiting a sense of power difference between the bully and the victim (Olweus, 1993; Limber & Mihalic, 1999 as cited from Douglas J. Boyle, 2005). A survey was conducted in the United States estimating that over six million children, about 30% in grade six through ten have experienced frequent bullying in a school environment (Nansel, 2001 as cited from Douglas J. Boyle, 2005). Many people might debate that bullying is something that every child goes through and is simply a part of growing up, although there are several damaging consequences that happens to the child’s brain. Bullying causes the child to feel upset, isolated, frightened, anxious, and depressed. They feel like they reason they are being picked on is because there is something wrong with them and may even lose their confidence feel unsafe going to school (Frenette, 2013 as cited from Douglas J. Boyle, 2005) Anthropologically, sociologically, or psychologically, bullying can be analyzed through different perspectives and several questions can be asked based on the topic:
In a CNN study by Chuck Hadad he states “That bullying is pervasive even though the schools have anti-bullying programs from kindergarten through 12th grade, assemblies throughout the year, and a peer-to-peer program where older students talk to younger students about the dangers of bullying” (Hadad). Robert Faris, a sociologist found that bullies and victims are generally the same person. Whe...
Bullying is a growing concern in a society where status and exercising power over another human being are increasingly important in developing one’s social circles. Dan Olweus (Norwegian researcher and founder of the Olweus Bullying Prevention Program) defines it as an “aggressive behaviour that is intentional and that involves an imbalance of power. Most often, it is repeated over time” (Violencepreventionworks.org). School victimization is an especially delicate matter that has only really been in the public eye for the past half century, as more and more researchers and psychologists pointed out its short- and long-term negative effects on targeted individuals. It has since been widely investigated and numerous programs have been developed in an effort to address and prevent the many forms of bullying that exist today. The negative effects of such an abusive behaviour are various and can greatly differ from individual to individual. However, there are three main consequences that can be associated with school bullying, which are: school avoidance, depression/anxiety and even suicidal attempts.
Bullying has been a part of schooling for as long as children have been congregating. To some it seems like a natural, though uncomfortable, part of life and school experience, while to others it can mean terrifying experiences which spoiled and characterized otherwise happy years in school. Dan Olweus, a pioneer in bully behavior research documented that 2.7 million children are affected as victims, and that 2.1 children act as bullies (Fried, 1997, as cited in Aluedse, 2006). With bullying cited as the reason for violent, gun-related crime in the past few years, school districts as well as national governments have put anti-bullying policies in place. Bullying is a complicated phenomenon, involving more than one child demanding lunch money from a smaller child. It is a worldwide epidemic hitting schools everywhere. Virtually everyone has seen or experienced bullying. With technological advances, bullying is even hitting the internet. Parents, teachers, students and governments agencies alike are attempting to put a stop to bullying practices.
behaviour in bullying situations. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 28(3), 246-258. Retrieved from Education Research Complete.
Cyberbullying is a type of bullying that takes place with the use of any electronic technology. Cyberbullying is a major problem affecting young people today. There are different types of cyberbullying. This topic comes as an interest to many people these days because bullying is very common and it can ruin a person’s life. These days, cyberbullying is considered a new form of bullying. It can happen over the internet by computer, mobile phone or any other electronic devices. Cyberbullying could involve any form of unpleasant words or pictures being displayed on the internet for others to see. It could also involve the spreading of lies about the victim on the internet. Many people are stepping up efforts to prevent bullying in the first place. Approximately half of U.S. students are impacted by traditional bullying each school day (Ross). Bullying peaks in middle school, then reduces in high school. Other types of bullying may involve the passing of notes behind someone’s back, rumors being whispered about someone, or being threatened in the internet. The most common types of cyberbullying include passing of humiliating photos, cell phone pranks, cyber stalking, impersonation, online slam books, and text wars. Bullies appear scary but truthfully they are the unhappy ones. Majority of bullies have been bullied by parents, siblings, or other young people. This may trigger them to bully and pick on other kids.
Victims of bullying will eventually show the effects of bullying by being passive or secluding themselves from other individuals. The background or culture of a victim will most likely determine how they progress or react in a bullying experience. A victim may retaliate to the bully's attacks depending on the level of aggressiveness used. Parenting affects the decisions made by both victims and bullies in the peer interactions. Intervention approaches to this social vice will include changing the victims’ opinions about themselves through encouragement and teaching them how to effectively respond to attackers...
Many factors in a child’s life may lead him or her to have such emotional distress that they begin bullying other students at school. Social factors are usually the easiest aspect to identify that would cause a child to bully their classmates. The child may have been bullied them self, which leads to pent up aggression which leads to the release of this aggression on other students. It may also be simp...
There are four different types of bullying. These are physical, verbal, indirect, and cyber bullying. Physical bullying includes any type of physical contact towards another person that is unwanted, such as hitting, kicking, pinching, punching, even spitting. Breaking others possessions or simply taking their belongings are also examples of physical bullying. When the parents physically abuse children, they often feel as if it is their fault they are being knocked around. If the child has no one to talk to, or no one to tell, the physical abuse can go on for years and cause multiple problems for the child, even in their adult years.