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Rational choice theory
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Mikhail Popkov the Killer
In criminology it is taught that people commit acts of deviance or crime based are various personal circumstances. The social class that you are raised in can affect choices you make in life like whether to obey or disobey rules and laws that govern society. There are theories that cover the gambit of the why people commit acts of assault, rape and murder. This paper will discuss how Classical and Rational Choice Theories can help to understand the actions of the cold blooded killer, Mikhail Popkov.
Mikhail Popkov was born on March 7, 1964 in Angarsk Russia (Pyatenok, 2012). He was raised by his mother, who according to him was an alcoholic and abusive parent. He worked as a policeman in Angarsk and security guard at the local oil company. Popkov was married with one child. By all accounts he was a charming and sociable person. His deceptive lifestyle came to light in June 2012 when he was arrested for the murder of 25 local women. There ages ranged from 19-40 with 25 victims being between the ages of 19-28. The spectrum of women had been brutally murdered and strangled with trauma signs of screwdriver, awl, and axe usage on various victims (Chasmar, 2013). These killings occurred from 1992-2000 and might have continued if not for DNA evidence uncovering the truth (Stewart, 2013).
The only victim to survive, known only as Svetlana M., tried to convince police that an officer had attacked and attempted to kill her. She was even able to identify his picture but due to Popkov’s wife giving him an alibi, the policeman did not believe her and he continued to live as a free man. If not for the biological evidence left behind on the victims and a DNA match to Popkov, he might have never paid for his crimes (...
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.... It is understood that traumatic events in childhood can affect how you deal with life trials as an adult. Responsibility must occur somewhere at some time I believe. As Beccaria believed, I too think people have freewill and act certain in ways dependent upon the circumstances surrounding them. There are times when everyone makes the statement “I could just kill him or her” but they don’t go out and commit murders arbitrarily. Most people can control fits of rage and urges that would have those committing acts of horror as Popkov committed. Theories can label actions and help to explain someone might have performed such acts of pain and death against others. There are those that are mentally unstable and do not comprehend their actions but I think those are in the minority. People make conscious decisions whether to do various or no to do various actions daily.
Mr. Maglovski pleaded not guilty to the charge of murder, but pleading guilty to manslaughter with the defense of provocation. In the months prior to her death Mrs. Maglovska had been becoming more and more independent, and on the day that she decided to leave Mr. Maglovski she allegedly spat in his face and told him that she didn’t want to live with him anymore. The fight that ensued resulted in Mrs. Maglovska’s death. After his wife’s death a very calm and collected Mr. Maglovski called ‘000’ and then proceeded to show the emergency services officer’s the crime scene. During his trial Mr. Maglovski shared with the courtroom a little about his culture, he explained the understanding within his culture that behavior such as his wife’s would demand a “ritual cleansing of the family of the shame” . Neither this, nor any other mitigating factors, was enough to reduce Dragi Maglovski’s charge to manslaughter, however, and he was charged with the murder of his wife, Mrs. Maglovska.
The murders Ivan Milat committed took place in New South Wales, Australia in and around Sydney. They were committed in the 1980’s to the 1990’s from 1989 – 1993.
Pratt, T. C. (2008). Rational Choice theory, criminal control policy, and criminology relevance. Policy essay, 43-52.
Dostoevsky first presents Smerdyakov, in The Brothers Karamazov, in Book 3 of Part 1. The author divulges details of the conception of the fourth son of Fyodor Pavovich Karamazov. Late on a September evening, a drunk Fyodor, by modern standards, "rapes" a homeless woman. Stinking Lizaveta, the victim of Fyodor's violence, was a legend in the town. Regardless of her unattractive and dirty appearance, her poverty, and homelessness, the townspeople regarded her with sympathy and compassion. Fyodor, on the other hand, treated Lizaveta as an insubordinate who was undeserving of even an ounce of respect. He and his friends mock her. He, then, rapes her. And, as if these actions are not cruel and offensive enough, he vehemently denies any of it happening. Later, when Lizaveta gives birth to Fyodor's illegitimate son, it is Grigory and Marfa who take the boy in, baptize him, and decide to raise the child. The townspeople mistakenly credit Fyodor for taking the dead woman's child into his house. All of these disturbing actions on the part of Fyodor are cause for his punishment.
The central element of calculation involves a cost benefit analysis: Pleasure versus Pain, (5) Choice, with all other conditions equal, will be directed towards the maximization of individual pleasure, (6) Choice can be controlled through the perception and understanding of the potential pain or punishment that will follow an act judged to be in violation of the social good, the social contract, (7) The state is responsible for maintaining order and preserving the common good through a system of laws (this system is the embodiment of the social contract), (8) The Swiftness, Severity, and Certainty of punishment are the key elements in understanding a law's ability to control human behavior. Classical theory, however, dominated thinking about deviance for only a short time. Positivist research on the external (social, psychological, and biological) "causes" of crime focused attention on the factors that... ... middle of paper ... ...
This criminal behavior psychological analysis paper is taking a look into the life of a serial killer, who is known as, John Wayne Gacy, Jr. He is best known for dressing up as a clown and committing violent killings of specific targets; the nickname he is known for is the “Killer Clown”. Moreover, Gacy is an important individual to study or analyze due to the many merciless anguish murders he committed and the factors that took place throughout his childhood to adulthood, which may have had influential elements of the actions he performed on his poor and vulnerable victims. Understanding Gacy’s actions and mindset can be quite complex to society as well as how he became one of the most prolific and notorious murders in the United States. The importance I find to be relevant, which played a major role in John Wayne Gacy’s numerous murders in Chicago, Illinois, are the social dysfunctional structures followed as: his father-son relationship, being antisocial in school, and environment. Future professionals in criminology can better understand and go into depth about the psychological theories found in most murderers in correlation to Gacy’s horrendous proceedings as some theorists have already been revealing theories of their own that relate to how Gacy grew up to be a murderer. For example, “Theorists consider moral behavior to be self-regulated through mechanisms of self-evaluation where one can approve or disapprove irresponsible or inhumane behavior. It is clear that Gacy showed a lack of moral behavior and hence, in the act was not able to disapprove his behavior adequately to avoid it completely” (“John Wayne Gacy Jr. | Criminology”, n.d.). The professionals can grasp the insight that there is value perhaps in keeping this...
Varying theories such as rational choice theory, trait theory, and social structure theory are commonly used to explain why crime happens. Application of these three theories in discussing the crimes of Richard Speck can help us to better understand which of the theories may apply and perhaps help give us insight into why he committed his crimes. But they are more beneficial when not looking at a single specific crime, but the person and all the crimes they may have committed throughout their criminal careers.
The study of criminology involves many different theories in which people attempt to explain reasoning behind criminal behavior. Although there are many different theories the focus of this paper is the comparison and contrasting sides of The Differential Association Theory (DAT) of Edwin Sutherland and the Neoclassicism Rational Choice Theory. The Differential Theory falls under Social Process Theories which focuses on sociological perspective of crime. The Rational Choice Theory falls under Neoclassicism which believes that criminal behavior is ultimately a choice.
Therefore, those who study and carry out its theories are considered scientists. The theories and practices within the subject help criminologists determine the cause and consequence of criminal behavior; also why criminology is so highly regarded among law enforcement and the legal world. Socioeconomic status, psychological behaviors and of course, the legal aspect are just a few factors criminologists analyze when determining criminal behavior. The next few paragraphs will provide an explanation of rational choice theory and the various factors that are studied to determine how criminologists categorize crime and criminal behavior. Along with an explanation of the theory, this will be an example of how that theory is utilized in the justice system.
Schechter, H. and Everitt, D. The A-Z Encyclopedia of Serial Killers. Pocket Books. N.Y. 1996
Man charged with the rape of 31 women in New York! Ever caught the headline of a crime that occurred and wondered how a person could possibly commit such a heinous act against another person? This is the job of a criminologist. To study crimes, criminals, victims, environmental and social factors, etc. in order to come up with theories and reasons as to why people commit acts against others (Brotherton). Criminology is not a new concept, but it is an evolving one. For this reason many theories have derived from sociologist and psychologist as to why crimes are committed, who commits them, and other the factors that played a role. Take for instance the crime rape. Rape is an unwanted sexual act performed upon another individual by force, deception or while under the influence of a substance. While most rape victims are known to be women, this crime has been expanded to include rape against a man or a person of the same sex. Rape is not an easy concept to deal with, nor is dealing with a rapist. For the purpose of this paper, rape will be explained by three theories, biological, psychological and rational choice theory, all of which criminologist have deemed are fitting of the crime.
When criminals think that the benefit of committing the crime will outweigh the cost if they get caught, they make a choice to commit the crime. There are two varieties of rational choice theory. One, situational choice theory, which is an extension of rational choice theory and two, routine activities theory or RAT, which states that the daily routine or patterns in ones’ activities make it much easier for an individual to become a victim of crime. The theory is, crime is more likely to happen when a criminal and their victim come together in the absence of authority (Schmalleger). A situation made easier to come by when the criminal knows the victim’s daily routines or patterns.
In today’s society, one will find that there are many different factors that go into the development of a criminal mind, and it is impossible to single out one particular cause of criminal behavior. Criminal behavior often stems from both biological and environmental factors. In many cases criminals share similar physical traits which the general population do not usually have. For example criminals have smaller brains than properly adjusted individuals. However biological reasons cannot solely be the cause of criminal behavior. Therefore, one must look to other sources as to how a criminal mind is developed. Social and environmental factors also are at fault for developing a person to the point at which they are lead to committing a criminal act. Often, someone who has committed a violent crime shows evidence of a poorly developed childhood, or the unsuitable current conditions in which the subject lives. In addition if one studies victimology which is the role that the victim plays in the crime, it is apparent that there are many different causes for criminal behavior. Through the examination of biological factors, in addition to the social and environmental factors which make up a criminal mind, one can conclude that a criminal often is born with traits common to those of criminals, it is the environment that exist around them that brings out the criminal within them to commit indecent acts of crime.
An evidence of Raskolnikov's mental incapability to handle the thought of the crime and what may come of it, displays itself before the crime. Raskolnikov thinks about the crime he plans to commit. Rask...
Early criminologists, of the late 18th century, believed that everyone had the ability to make rational choices. Therefore, their theory was that if a rational