Migration Essay

Migration is defined as the movement of people from one place to another. The movement can be within a short distance or within a long distance. Human populations have a vast history of several migration patterns that occurred during different periods in history including the pre-modern periods. According to Koslowski (376), there are several factors that lead to the migration of people from one place to another. Some of these factors include increased human population, political instability, natural calamities such as drought and disasters, and religious conflicts. The migrating communities have several impacts in their new place of settlement. Some of the effects include the spread of culture, the spread of religion, and the introduction

The civilization took place at the modern Pakistan and India places. The Indus valley area was quite fertile and agriculture was the main source of livelihood. There were sufficient rains that provided water for the crops. There was sufficient food among the people and thus there was a rapid population increase among the people in the Indus valley. Due to the increased population, it was necessary to establish a government system which was complex due to the large area to govern (Violatti, NP). The people of the Indus valley were held legible to the laws of the land. Also, the Indus people had a writing system that marked a major milestone in civilization. The writing was used as a form of communication (Koslowski 376). Pottery and making of artifacts was also a major activity that was witnessed during the Indus Valley

The ancient Jomon people occupied the glacial highlands during this period. There was then an intensive cold season that saw the emergence of glacial ice on the highland areas. There was thus reduced the amount of grass and pasture for their animals and these led to numerous deaths of the animals that were reared by the Jomon people. In the search for water and pasture for the animals, the Jomon people migrated to other places. They finally landed on an Island that is today known as Japan (Hoang, NP). To adapt to the numerous changes due to the glacial period, the Jomon people resorted to hunting and gathering. They also resorted to other sources of livelihood such as fishing and farming along the coast. The settlement of the Jomon people had several effects that resulted due to their settlement along the