Migration And Internal Migration

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1.1) INTRODUCTION:
Migration from one area to another in search of a better livelihood has always been a key feature in human lives. It serves as an outlet for better earnings, job opportunities and reduced income risks. When certain sectors or regions fall short of their potential to support the residents, people tend to migrate to get a hold of better opportunities away from the place of origin. Migration has become a universal phenomenon. Due to the industrialisation, there has been an expansion in transportation and communication hence widening the gap between rural and urban areas, including a shift of labour force towards more urbanised areas.
The urban population is clearly on a rise. It is 91 million higher than what it was in 2001. It is more than the rural population. The last time this was the case was 90 years ago, in 1921. The reasons that can be attributed to this increase are migration, natural increase and inclusion of new areas as urban. (P.Sainath, 2011).
In most countries, it has been observed that economic development has been accompanied by large-scale movements of people, be it within the national borders or across. Thus, analysis of labour migration is crucial to understand the movement of people as a result of social, political and economic factors.

Internal Migration:
Internal migration in India has assumed great importance owing to state development and thereby, overall improvement of the economy. In recent years, several growing inequalities of scope have impacted the pattern and pace of migration. The chief of all is the gap between agricultural and non-agricultural sectors and access to better technology. There has been a significant improvement with respect to information flows, better infrastruc...

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... of the state’s economy. (Tumbe, 2013)

1.2) RESEARCH PROBLEM:
Labour migration, today, has assumed great importance, making it an interesting case for analysis. Remittances have clearly become a dominant source of income in India. Looking at the literature review, there is more focus on emigration and not on out-migration. Emigration quite obvious generates relatively more money and hence, the living standard of the family elevates. Therefore, the aim of the present study is to see if remittances from out-migration also have a positive relationship with the standard of living. Secondly, in most studies, there is a lack of analysis that includes both economic as well as social impact of remittances on the households. Also, not all indices that may reflect the socioeconomic status have been taken into account by the researchers. This study aims to bridge that gap.

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