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History of science technology
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History of science and technilogy
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It is not easy feat to become an inspiration of Albert Einstein, considering that he is one of the most famous and recognized scientist. Of three people whose picture hung on Einstein’s wall, Michael Faraday was one of them. Although Faraday had come from a lower class in the 1800s, his eagerness to learn more about the world propelled him to great discoveries that changed the world. One of the most important findings for the future of both technology and the field of physics was Faraday’s breakthrough of the electromagnetic induction and his discovery of the magnetic field. His concept of induction looks at the way changing magnetic fields can cause the current to flow in wires. Any change in the magnetic environment of a coil wire will cause a voltage to be induced in the coil. No matter how much is changed, a voltage will be generated. Faraday’s first set up of his lab did not induce current. He was able to hypothesize that a changing magnetic field was necessary to induce a current in a nearby circuit. He found the changes in the magnetic field and the …show more content…
He discovered that when an electrical conductor becomes charged, all of the extra charge sits on the outside of the conductor. This means that the extra charge does not appear on the inside of a room or cage made of metal. An external electrical field leads to rearrangement of the charges, and this cancels the field inside. Electric fields create forces on electrons in the conductor, creating a current, which will further the rearrangement. Faraday noticed that he conductor charge did not influence anything that was enclosed within. He even went as far as constructing a room that was coated with metal foil and used a electrostatic generator to create a high-voltage discharge that stroked the outside of his metal foil-coated room. Michael found no electric charge on the inside walls and had used an electroscope to prove
was first conceived by Michael Faraday in the year 1832 in his Backerian Lecture to
The major encounters that Tesla and Faraday faced included social, economic, intellectual barriers. Considering socially, Faraday was considered to be a “...high-priest of Nature, revealing the hidden forces...”(Shortland) People saw Faraday as the highest of his field, the one who was the closest to God in relation to understanding his creation. This also shows the social standard at this point in time, many going to church and understanding when someone references a religious point. Also, for social encounters, we have Tesla with his description f what the future will be like. This was not a reaction to the society that Tesla was around, but a prediction of what they were to become. Tesla, hoping to see that people would grow to become stronger
Franklin worked on his first electrical experiment in 1747 and was immediately intrigued. He continued with his electrical experiments including electrifying his kite string in a storm. He also examined how the storms worked. Franklin learned about how "air ways" cause different weather and storms.
One of the most well known technological innovator and manufacturer was Thomas Alva Edison. He invented many devices which are still being used today, with some modifications. He even built a vote-recording device before he was twenty-one. Some inventions were the phonograph, incandescent light bulb, and the kinetoscope, which was much like a motion picture camera. In total, he has patented 1,093 inventions. He earned the nickname “The Wizard of Menlo Park”.
One thunderous afternoon on June 1752, Benjamin Franklin conducted what is known today as the “Kite Experiment”. He wanted to prove that if one object was electrical, the energy from that object could be transferred to another object, therefore being classified as electricity and lightning. With his son William, Ben took a string and attached the kite to it, then he attached an iron key to the kite. Next, they tied a thin metal wire from the key and put the wire inside a Leyden jar which stored all the electrical charge. His experiment profitably showed that his accusations were correct. Many other scientist tried the same experiment and were electrocuted, but Ben Franklin was the lucky one. He changed the world of science.
Thomas Alva Edison was born in Milan, Ohio on February 11, 1847. He spent a few years of his life in Milan, but when he turned seven him and his family moved to Michigan. Thomas Edison's parents are Samuel Ogden Edison Jr. and Nancy Matthews Elliott. His mother was a former teacher and his dad was a shopkeeper. Edison was the youngest out of seven children. Edison attended school for a short period of time but later became home schooled. Being homeschooled allowed Edison to do more things like experimenting in his basement, crate his habit of reading and make his own newspapers. At a young age Thomas Edison started developing problems with his hearing which was caused by untreated middle-ear infections and scarlet fever he received in his childhood.
Some of Franklin’s first works were studying electricity in the 1740’s and this was his most important work that he performed. Much of his work was based upon modifying Newton’s theories of electricity. Two gentlemen influenced him in electricity, Adam Spencer in Boston and Philadelphia and Peter Collinson of London. Some of the first experiments that Franklin did were with three other gentlemen, Philip Syng, Thomas Hopkinson and Ebenezer Kinnersley, in Philadelphia. Franklin discovered here that a point charge would release energy from 6 to 8 inches away and a blunt charge would release at only an inch away. During these experiments, they observed that there was an “electrical fire” and now they would have to go back and explain all other observations of electricity using these concepts.
In 1837 Morse got two partners to help him develop his telegraph. One was Leonard Gale, a quiet professor of science at New York University who taught him how to increase voltage by increasing the number of turns around the electromagnet. The other was Alfred ...
Benjamin Franklin developed a theory that every object had an "electrical fluid". He believed that some objects had too much of this fluid, while others did not. By putting his theories together, he invented the electrical battery. It was made out...
“I find out what the world needs. Then I go ahead and try to invent it (Sullivan 5).” These are the word that Thomas Alva Edison lived his life by. This is why he is known as the greatest inventor in Americas history. Thomas was granted 1093 patents over his life time. Some of the main inventions that changed the world are the electric light bulb, phonograph and movie camera and projector and much more(Jenkins 1). Thomas Edison is well known for his invention of electricity but he has made many more contributions to society.
In New York City during the late 1880’s, a fierce battle was raging between two great innovators of the age. The combatants, Thomas Edison and Nikola Tesla, were fighting over the prize to power cities in the ever more industrial world. Thomas Edison championed his direct-current (DC) system whereas Nikola Tesla was proposing his system using alternating-current (AC). This “War of the Currents” ushered in the electrical age, from which our modern society arose. Just as the AC and DC electrical generating systems where diametrically opposed to each other; so were Nikola Tesla and Thomas Edison.
Andre Marie Ampere was a French Physicist who had many great discoveries throughout his life. He was born on January 22, 1775 in Lyon, France. Ampere created electromagnetism, which started the science of electrodynamics. With this discovery the unit measure of electromagnetism was named after ampere. Ampere was born into a very financially set middle class family. Andre’s mother was a devout woman (Shank). She was a charitable and very religious (Fox). His father (Jean Jacques Ampere) was a successful merchant. Ampere combines both of his parent’s personal traits. His father was a big admirer of Jean Jacques Rousseau, a philosophy scientist. Amperes father believed that and education should be taught from nature and not taught from a school. Jean let his son educate himself in his own well stocked library. By the age of 12 Andre taught himself advanced mathematics. Andre’s mother made his is initiated within the catholic faith along with the Enlightenment of Science (Shank).
Faraday visualized a magnetic field as composed of many lines of induction, along which a small magnetic compass would point. The aggregate of the lines intersecting a given area is called the magnetic flux. Faraday attributed the electrical effects to a changing magnetic flux.
Thomas Edison is widely regarded as one of the most influential inventors and innovators of the Twentieth Century. Edison’s efforts ushered in a new era of technology; a world in which electricity would be harnessed and made to bow before man’s will. Walter Lippman wrote, “It is impossible to measure the importance of Edison by adding up the specific inventions with which his name is associated” (qtd. in Baldwin 409). Edison’s decades long career was a synergistic melding of his success as an inventor and his prowess as a promoter and businessman. He exemplified the ideals of intelligence married to hard work and perseverance. He forever changed the landscape of American invention and the limits of technological change (Baldwin 409).
Faraday continued his electrical experiments. In 1832, he proved that the electricity induced from a magnet, voltaic electricity produced by a battery, and static electricity was all the same. He also did significant work in electrochemistry, stating the First and Second Laws of Electrolysis. This laid the basis for electrochemistry, another great modern industry.