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The mexican revolution essay
The mexican revolution essay
Overview of the Mexican Revolution
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Mexico was home to rich landowners that ruled like medieval Dukes on large domains, keeping their workforces impoverished, deep in debt, and with barely enough basic necessities for survival. The sheer destruction wrought by ten years of war and chaos has proven to be a deep well of inspiration for Mexico's artists and writers that will be analyzed through the following investigation question. How was the Mexican Revolution the principle cause for the rise of different artistic movements in the first quarter of the 20th century? The inner search for national identity established conflicts prior to this event, therefore in order to execute a thorough analysis, research will emphasize on contextual information starting in the year of 1910 up until 1920. Ideals of the Mexican Revolution, forms of cultural expression dealing with the Mexican Revolution, and how the conflict gave birth to a variety of new artistic currents will be investigated through the use of credible websites, academic journals, and books that provide original research and firsthand experience.
Word Count: 168
Part B: Summary of Evidence
National Identity Conflicts Prior to the Mexican Revolution
Middle-class protest against the long-standing dictatorship of Porfirio Diaz. Established a radical system in which elections were controlled while a handful of dominant families and their clients monopolized financial and political power in the provinces.1
Díaz dictatorship oversaw the broadest and most rapid period of economic expansion and change in Mexican history. Led to the mass dispossession of the lands and traditional rights.2
Young men were subject to the feared recruitment into the national army.3
The lack of democracy in Mex...
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...the new artistic currents having been developed. Although the source lacks authenticity as it was not created by or in Mexican awareness it did provide recognition of national identity through an unbiased perspective. For example it state that mural paintings defined the nation’s uniqueness and recognized Mexico’s indigenous origin and the suffering of the natives in the hands of the Spanish conquerors while still recognizing Mexico’s collective history and culture.
Another researcher might scrutinize the Mexican Revolution and say that Mexico is a nation persistently marked by change due to frequent conflict however the revolution was not only essential to the evolution of human rights and equality within Mexico but to an extent it laid the groundwork’s for a successful implementation of artistic movements that did not have to adhere to an authority blueprint.
Alfredo Corchado — is the author of the book named " Midnight in Mexico:A Reporter's Journey through a Country's Descent into Darkness”. We are, probably, all interested in finding out the facts, news, and gossips about Mexico. This country was always associated with something mysterious. For me personally, the title of the book seemed to be very gripping, I was interested in revealing the secrets of life in Mexico, thus I decided to read this book. I was really curious, what can Alfredo Corchado tell me about the life in this country, the country, where the constant massacre is the picture, people used to see. In his book, the author tells the reader about the real situations, which took place in Mexico, reveals the secrets of the people’s lives and tells the story from the “inside”. He describes the way he lives his life, and does his work. The " Midnight in Mexico: A Reporter's Journey through a Country's Descent into Darkness” is a memoir. Author tries to transform his own experience into the story line. Corchado shows the reader the darkest episodes of Mexican society, while relying on his own experience.
While both the Mexican and Russian revolutions had similar end goals and the process in which they conducted their uprisings which started the peasant revolutions; the major differences lie in who started the revolutions and what political systems they adopted after their revolutions were over.
It was demigrated as derivative, imitative of the mainstream Modernism of Western Europe and the United States. At the same time, it was dismissed as essentially hybrid, a fusion of traditions which was weaker than any of its progenitors. In the second of these accusations there is an implication of the racial prejudice which has marked the history of Latin America ever since the Spanish conquest of Mexico in the early sixteenth century.” The Latin American art was often disregarded because of the thought of the art being inferior.
In 1910, the first social upheaval of the 20th century was unleashed in Mexico. Known as the Mexican Revolution, its historical importance and impact inspired an abundance of internationally renowned South American authors. Mariano Azuela is one of these, whose novel, "The Underdogs" is often described as a classic of modern Hispanic literature. Having served as a doctor under Pancho Villa, a revolutionary leader of the era, Azuela's experience in the Revolution provides The Underdogs with incomparable authenticity of the political and social tendencies of the era between 1910 and 1920. The Underdogs recounts the living conditions of the Mexican peasants, the corruption of the government troops, and the revolutionary zeal behind the inspiring causes of the revolution. In vivid detail and honest truth, Azuela reveals the actuality of the extent of turmoil that plagued Mexico and its people during the revolution. However, before one can acknowledge The Underdogs as a reflection of the Mexican Revolution one must have an understanding the political state of Mexico prior to the Revolution and the presidents who reigned during it.
Most importantly, the Mexican government lots the war of ideas. Though the Mexican government maintained a virtual monopoly of the press, Marcos and the Zapatistsas managed to diffuse their ideas and goals across the country. Though many did not support their violent tactics, the Zapatistas brought attention to the “plight of those at the losing end of Mexico’s economic globalization, particularly the indigenous groups who were losing both their livehood and their hopes for self-determination” (155). Marcos’ articulate and incisive letters put the government on the “moral defense” (168).
Another form of expression and bringing awareness was through the way of art. The style of art and representation solely raised from the Chicano movement. Murals played a big part in the activism and progression people wanted to see. Most, if not all murals represented native Mexicans and their struggles of being oppressed. All murals told a story whether it was Mexico’s poverty or the farming industry. Many popular symbols and images were used again in the Chica...
Jose Clemente Orozco was one of the most controversial and celebrated Mexican artists of the twentieth century. He provoked people through his outrageous metaphors and sparked the fuel to the fire of awareness, this being to change the blemishes of our society whether it be dictatorship, war, imperialism, religion, slavery, greed, alienation, and so much more. Even though he lost his left hand when he was just a teenager, he made dozens of major mural pieces that still provoke people’s principles to this day. When he wasn’t creating massive murals he was painting or drawing hundreds of new ideas about social reform, war, imperialism, etc. Both murals and easel paintings influenced generations to come such as Pollock, Guston, and Shahn. He painted the true lifestyle of real mexicans and their problems at the time but called for peasants and workers to change what he was painting so it could be apart of history, not part of the future. With his paintings he challenged authority, norms, and stereotypes of Mexico, Europe, and the United States. His creations are often dark rich colors that have splashed of white and depict tragedies with strong figures that resemble gods, average men, and past dictators/ imperialists. Jose opened peoples eyes in an unconventional way with his massive murals. His pieces are highly detailed and make us question our everyday life. His art made people question society, and once an artist got that question in peoples head, you’ve changed society. But Orozco always caused heated controversy and debates wherever he painted his striking eye-raising social analytical murals and paintings.
The 1926 image Pulqueria by Edward Weston, exhibits the dynamic between two men, a tavern front and its mural (fig. 1). This photograph of an everyday scene in the streets of Mexico City contains a substantial revelation of social injustices happening during Weston’s second stay in Mexico from the years 1925 – 1926. Weston’s composition subtly voices social injustices through the framework and subject to effectively unveil how the Mexican government disregarded its indigenous people because of the false stereotyping that surrounded these “lower class” citizens. Discussed, is the symbolism behind the pulqueria establishment and its mural as well as the production of the image Pulqueria, whose political undertones are further highlighted by the collaboration
At this time, Diaz had been president of Mexico for over 30 years and had served many consecutive terms as president. Madero had said that in all his years in a “dictatorship”, “General Diaz with great cunning and perseverance, has succeeded in annihilating all independent elements, so that it was not possible to organize any sort of movement to take from him the power of which he made such bad use”. Years and years of suppression were brought to a head with the 1910 election and subsequent arrest of Madero and lead to the anger and frustration Madero writes in his issue when calls for the people to follow him and take
El Proletariado de Aztlán” is a beautiful piece of artwork by Emigdio Vasquez that beautifully blends the past, the present, and the future. A panoramic photo that interlinks different eras and demonstrates the progress of Latinos throughout the ages. This mural is a paradox, demonstrating both subjugation and resistance. This mural shows the dignity in the everyday lives of Latinos; within their eyes, you can see their pride, passion, and hope. This mural portrays the repercussions of colonization on lives of Latinos. European conquest became the gateway that allowed colonialism and Eurocentric thought to enter and be used to subjugate the people of the Americas. The effects of Eurocentric ideology remains ingrained within the descendants
Chicano art played a major role in Latin America’s social, political, and cultural movement known as “El movimiento.” This movement consisted of social commentary and expression through various forms. Following the lead of chicano activists like Cesar Chavez and Dolores Huerta, “El Movimiento” focused on workers rights reforms, and educational reform. This was displayed through peaceful protests including walkouts and sit ins such as those that took place in Denver and East LA in 1968, as a protest that challenged the educational quality and the two-dimensional material they were being exposed to. https://www.marxists.org/history/erol/ncm-1a/cores-crusade.htm
When someone mentions contemporary Chicano period, we think directly to Mexican murals because it's closer to us. Like the pre-Columbian, contemporary Chicano artists also like to use the image of the skull. However, instead of using it as a symbol relate to the spiritual, the artists use it as an image to represent them in the reality. For example, Posada painted Calavera Catrina as "she stands for the soul of Mexico with the European hat indicating the degree of change that Diaz has created in making Mexico more like Europe"(review PowerPoint). If most the pre-Columbian mural has the historical theme, then most of the contemporary murals have the social and political themes. They represent the issues, which is happening in the present; they give us the message about what we should concern. The artists also use mural to support the equity war without using violence. For example, "Carlos Almarez and helpers paint the mural on the side wall of a supermarket in LA to support the field workers' strike"; "Ester Hernandez makes a poster to support the farm workers' strike using the Calavera, updated!"(review PowerPoint). The purpose of the murals is sending the messages to the community. It is a way to communicate among the human. But the locations of those murals are in public, outside the buildings, where many people can see. This creates the difference between the two periods. The scope of communicating of the murals to the community during this period widespread than previous periods. In addition, it is printed on paper thanks to the development of modern technologies. It assists the communication; it sends the message from the murals' idea to the people in society
“I would rather die standing than live on my knees”. Emiliano Zapata, a revolutionary leader in the Mexican Revolution, easily summarized the objective of the Mexican Revolution. However, despite all of the violence and movements, it is often suggested that not much has changed. Crane Brinton, while analyzing revolutions, theorized that all revolutions have six stages. In order to properly analyze the Mexican revolution, one should try and imagine it in six stages: The old regime, initial actions, rule of the moderates, rise of the extremists, reign of terror and virtue, and thermidor.
Mexican art consists of a vast area of visual arts that have been developed over the geographic area of Mexico. The influence of art did occur during the Mesoamerican era and colonial period. The art is seen as indigenous and was tied to religious and the ruling class. Mexican art also reflects the influence of ancient and modern art of colonial and revolutionary part. The Mesoamerican era did influence, painting style through regional traditions. They are also known for depicting indigenous villagers, designs from pre-colonial civilization, and communist imagery.
A skull is a symbol located in many areas of the world which has multiple representations depending on the use of the emblem: flags, tattoos, and art décor are just a few to mention. With the endless possibilities, this essay will focus on the artistic view of Mexican culture. Some of the first details one often correlates with Mexican art is vivid colors, skulls, and El Dia de Los Muertos which translates to The Day of the Dead. Skulls or Calaveras in Spanish represents Mexican culture and can be seen anywhere from old Aztec ruins to Mexico city street graffiti. The idea of a skeleton is understood as a symbol of rebirth towards a new life(r) and one artist from the south took this to a new