This article discusses the significant use of methamphetamine with our public health and criminal justice in the United States. This article goes in depth about substance abuse disorders and tries to help better understand reinforcement procedures, used in combination with psychosocial drug abuse treatment, influence the long-term maintenance of abstinence among methamphetamine-dependent individuals. The primary purpose for this study was to determine whether different schedules of contingency management, in conjunction with psychosocial treatment, produced different rates of abstinence and treatment attendance among individuals dependent on methamphetamine. The author went in depth with all of the methods that took place. I think the way the voucher …show more content…
It gives people struggling with this disorder the incentive to actually try and not be addicted to the drug anymore. The method for this study included participants who were seeking treatment for methamphetamine use disorders. Participants were randomized in this study and must have met all of the following inclusion criteria: (1) 18–65 years of age, (2) met DSM-IV criteria for methamphetamine dependence, (3) were willing and able to comply with study procedures, and (4) were willing and able to provide written informed consent. The exclusion criteria consisted of (1) a medical condition that might interfere with the study, (2) a recent (past 30 days) history of suicide attempts and/or current serious suicidal intention or plan as assessed by the BDI, (3) a history of violent criminal behavior or be on parole, and (4) any other circumstances that, in the opinion of the PI, would interfere with the study. There were a total of 120 individuals that were eligible for acceptance into this study. After collecting informed consent, completing baseline measures, and receiving clearance for participation, participants were randomly assigned to one of four study conditions: (1) standard, (2)
Treatment for substance abuse vital to reduce prison recidivism rate, The Medical News, March 14, 2008,http://www.news-medical.net/news/2008/03/14/36306.aspx
Fortinash, K. M., & Holoday Worret, P. A. (Eds.). (2012). Substance-related disorders and addictive behaviors. Psychiatric mental health nursing (5th ed., pp. 319-362). St. Louis, MO: Elsevier Mosby.
Cameron Douglas’s case could be a turning point in the US of the endless war on drugs. The 33 year old, son of the famous actor Michael Douglas has been serving a 5 year sentence with the court for the distribution and the possession of drugs. He had an additional 4.5 year term for the possession of Suboxone which it’s substances contains both combinations of buprenorphine (an opioid medication) and naloxone while being imprisoned. Though Douglas had never received any rehabilitation treatments for his addiction towards heroin during his imprisonment, the court judges still saw his continuing drug use during incarceration was his defiance. Addiction experts said to TIME magazine that drug addiction is often developed and built up by mental
For the extensive amount of information collected Bourgeois and Schonberg’s research was as detailed as it could be. This study is perfect for many educators, hospital and clinic staff, community members and for anyone that has compassion for righteous dopefiends. Punishing those that struggle with a disease will not rehabilitate on their own. Therefore, these issues affect society as a whole and the wellbeing of the addicted population should no longer be ostracized.
The phenomenon of Methamphetamine use and distribution is rising in our country. With this growing problem, the state of Kentucky is right at the top of the list. Manufacturing alone has more than tripled over the past four years, in the state of Kentucky. Given the rural areas and large vacant buildings, Kentucky has quickly become a breeding ground for Methamphetamine. A necessary additive for production anhydrous ammonia is available at many farm stores in the state. This phenomenon is largely costing the tax payers, as well as, putting our future generation in jeopardy. Given statistical data on the increased use and manufacturing, a definite problem is noted.
The Addition Severity Index is a well-known and widely used tool for use in treating alcoholics and other addicts. It is an approximately 45 to 60 minute long interview comprised of questions about the patient’s life. The interview covers eight subscales focusing on many different parts of a person’s life which helps to provide a comprehensive understanding of their life. The severity is scored on a ten point scale ranging from no problem or treatment indicated to extreme problem, treatment absolutely necessary. The scale helps the interviewer determine the seriousness of a client’s problem and to plan an effective course of treatment. The ASI can also be found in a self-administered paper-and-pencil form and an interactive CD-ROM multimedia version for the computer (Maleka, 2004). This test has been found to be reliable by most but some others do not agree. It is difficult to say whether or not the test is a reliable and valid measure of treatment due to the complexity of the questions. Once a client’s psychosocial needs are identified it is easier to find treatment suitable for that client. There are some problems with the test such as it is not properly designed to cover such a wide population (Maleka, 2004). Other problems include irrelevant questions for alcoholics and other drug users, difficulty remembering relevant information, and lying and exaggerating information for the best interest of the patient (Maleka, 2004). Use of the ASI can be found to be particularly problematic when used with the homeless or double-diagnosis patients. The ASI can be used in a wide range of treatment settings including clinical, research, and administrative. This comprehensive evaluation is a useful tool that helps professionals understand the
This leads to the second school of thought on medically assisted treatment. There has been a great deal of debate about the medication used to treat Opiate addiction, methadone. Many feel that the drug methadone is simply trading one drug in for another, as the addiction to methadone is quick and almost more powerful than an opiate addiction (Nelson, 1994). The withdrawals effects are far more intense with methadone and for this reason it is a lifetime maintenance medication. Some suggest that more rehabilitative programs are needed that would address the social problems the users have to help them recover, instead of the methadone program that is viewed...
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As the use of methamphetamines spread throughout the civilian sphere of Germany, the military was taking notice of its possible uses in combat. One of the main proponents of methamphetamine use was Dr. Otto Ranke. At the age of thirty-eight, he was appointed to be the director of the Research Institute of Defence Physiology. Physiology was a relatively undervalued discipline during this era, but its use in warfare was expanding. Soldiers were starting to be seen as almost as advanced, sentient machines and it was Ranke’s job to keep the machines oiled and running good. His researched looked to get the most out of the men that made up the soldiers of the Nazi army. While doing this he came to the conclusion that becoming tired or spent was a major
The current situation of drug control in the United States is imperfect and inadequate. Millions of men and women, both young and old, are affected by illicit drug use. It costs the United States about $6,123 every second because of drug use and its consequences (Office). Moreover, 90 percent of all adults with a substance use disorder started using under the age of 18 and half under the age of 15. Children who first smoke marijuana under the age of 14 are five times more likely to abuse drugs as adults than those who first use marijuana at age 18. Finally, the children of alcoholics are four times more likely to develop problems with alcohol (Prevent). Current legislation that has to do with the United States’ drug control policy is the Controlled Substances Act, which regulates the manufacture, importation, possession, use, and distribution of certain substances (Shannon). In 1966, Congress passed the Narcotic Addict Rehabilitation Act also known as the NARA. This legislati...
Center, N. D. (2004, April). Drug Abuse and Mental Illness. Retrieved Febrauary 9, 2011, from Justice.gov: http://www.justice.gov/ndic/pubs7/7343/7343p.pdf
The link between drug use and crime is not a new one. For more than twenty years, both the National Institute on Drug Abuse and the National Institute of Justice have funded many studies to try to better understand the connection. One such study was done in Baltimore on heroin users. This study found high rates of criminality among users during periods of active drug use, and much lower rates during periods of nonuse (Ball et al. 1983, pp.119-142). A large number of people who abuse drugs come into contact with the criminal justice system when they are sent to jail or to other correctional facilities. The criminal justice system is flooded with substance abusers. The need for expanding drug abuse treatment for this group of people was recognized in the Crime Act of 1994, which for the first time provided substantial resources for federal and state jurisdictions. In this paper, I will argue that using therapeutic communities in prisons will reduce the recidivism rates among people who have been released from prison. I am going to use the general theory of crime, which is based on self-control, to help rationalize using federal tax dollars to fund these therapeutic communities in prisons. I feel that if we teach these prisoners some self-control and alternative lifestyles that we can keep them from reentering the prisons once they get out. I am also going to describe some of today’s programs that have proven to be very effective. Gottfredson and Hirschi developed the general theory of crime.