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Effective rehabilitation programs in prison
Implications of mental health support in prisons essay
Implications of mental health support in prisons essay
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Annotated Bibliography
Olley, Maureen, Tonia Nicholls, and Johann Brink. “Mentally Ill Individuals in Limbo:
Obstacles and Opportunities for Providing Psychiatric Services to Corrections Inmates with Mental Illness.” Behavioral Sciences and the Law 27 (2009) : 811-831. www.interscience.wiley.com. This article presents two major factors associated with the challenge of providing the mentally ill incarcerated with the proper health care needed: wait times and delivery of care. The authors of this article present the ways in which one prison system has successfully collaborated with mental health care providers to reduce the wait times associated with admitting mentally ill inmates into treatment facilities. The authors then present a plan that seems to ease the way in which care is delivered to the mentally ill incarcerated, decreasing the prevalence
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The authors of this article argue for an increased awareness in both the general and medical community of the number of people suffering from a mental illness. The authors argue that more research needs to be conducted in order to find a solution to the rising number of mentally ill incarcerated and present a couple of ideas that could aid in the approach to better mental health care in the prison systems: training of corrections staff and prevention programs.
Adams, Kenneth, Joseph Ferrandino. “Managing Mentally Ill Inmates in Prisons.” Criminal
Justice and Behavior (2008) Vol. 35 : 913-927.
The authors of this article examine some of the issues that arise when attempting to provide proper health care to the mentally ill in prison. They speak in detail about therapeutic options, role definitions for everyone involved in treatment, and a way to individualize treatment.
Lamb, H. Richard, Linda E. Weinberger. “Meeting the Needs of Those Persons With Serious
Mental Illness Who Are Most Likely to Become Criminalized.” American Academy of
Psychiatry and the Law (2011) :
Today, prisons are the nation’s primary providers of mental health care, and some do a better job than others. Pete Earley focuses his research on the justice system in Miami, Florida. He documents how the city’s largest prison has only one goal for their mentally ill prisoners: that they do not kill themselves. The prison has no specialized
Forcing someone to take medication or be hospitalized against their will seems contrary to an individual’s right to refuse medical treatment, however, the issue becomes complicated when it involves individuals suffering from a mental illness. What should be done when a person has lost their grasp on reality, or if they are at a risk of harming themselves or others? Would that justify denying individuals the right to refuse treatment and issuing involuntary treatment? Numerous books and articles have been written which debates this issue and presents the recommendations of assorted experts.
Jails as Mental Hospitals. A joint report of the National Alliance for the Mentally Ill and
The United States has the highest incarceration rate in the world and of that over sixty percent of jail inmates reported having a mental health issue and 316,000 of them are severely mentally ill (Raphael & Stoll, 2013). Correctional facilities in the United States have become the primary mental health institutions today (Adams & Ferrandino, 2008). This imprisonment of the mentally ill in the United States has increased the incarceration rate and has left those individuals medically untreated and emotionally unstable while in jail and after being released. Better housing facilities, medical treatment and psychiatric counseling can be helpful in alleviating their illness as well as upon their release. This paper will explore the increasing incarceration rate of the mentally ill in the jails and prisons of the United States, the lack of medical services available to the mentally ill, the roles of the police, the correctional officers and the community and the revolving door phenomenon (Soderstrom, 2007). It will also review some of the existing and present policies that have been ineffective and present new policies that can be effective with the proper resources and training. The main objective of this paper is to illustrate that the criminalization of the mentally ill has become a public health problem and that our policy should focus more on rehabilitation rather than punishment.
According to the United States Federal Bureau of Prisons (2013), there are currently 217,862 people incarcerated. Of that total population, 93.3% are men with the remaining 6.7% being women. The current prison populations range from 39-51% over their allotted capacities (James, 2013). Results of overcrowded prisons are seen through increased taxes, lowered staff to inmate ratio and an inability to maintain the structures housing these inmates (James, 2013). Researchers have also determined a correlation between inmate misconduct and overcrowding, adding to the list of negative effects (James, 2013). Along with increasing prison population rates, the diagnoses of mental illness, specifically personality disorders have also risen. The CDC reported in 2011 that at least 25% of US adults have a mental illness and about 20% of US adolescence has a diagnosable ment...
Wouldn’t it be completely irrational to sentence every mentally ill individual to jail purely because they suffered from a mental illness? Often, mentally ill people behave in an eccentric manner and allure the attention of police officers who do not differentiate the mentally ill from mentally stable people and immediately charge them with misdemeanors. There are approximately 300,000 inmates, with the number increasing every year, which suffer from a mental illness and do not receive proper treatment. Jails are not adequately equipped to care for mentally ill inmates, which can lead to an escalation of an inmate’s illness. Society has failed to provide enough social resources for citizens suffering from psychiatric illnesses in its community, transferring mentally unstable individuals between mental institutions and jails, when in fact adequate aid such as providing proper medication, rehabilitation opportunities, and more psychiatric hospitals in communities is a necessity to reconstitute these individuals.
Thousands of people statewide are in prisons, all for different reasons. However, the amount of mental illness within prisons seems to go unaddressed and ignored throughout the country. This is a serious problem, and the therapy/rehabilitation that prison systems have do not always help those who are mentally ill. Prison involvement itself can contribute to increased suicide (Hills, Holly). One ‘therapy’ that has increased throughout the years has been the use of solitary confinement, which has many negative effects on the inmates. When an inmate has a current mental illness, prior to entering into the prison, and it goes undiagnosed and untreated, the illness can just be worsened and aggravated.
Lamb, H. Richard., Weinberger, Linda E., & Gross, Bruce H. (2004). Mentally ill persons in the criminal justice system: Some Perspectives. Psychiatric Quarterly 75(2): 107-126.
Prior to taking this course, I generally believed that people were rightly in prison due to their actions. Now, I have become aware of the discrepancies and flaws within the Criminal Justice system. One of the biggest discrepancies aside from the imprisonment rate between black and white men, is mental illness. Something I wished we covered more in class. The conversation about mental illness is one that we are just recently beginning to have. For quite a while, mental illness was not something people talked about publicly. This conversation has a shorter history in American prisons. Throughout the semester I have read articles regarding the Criminal Justice system and mental illness in the United States. Below I will attempt to describe how the Criminal Justice system fails when they are encountered by people with mental illnesses.
Correctional psychologists are virtually clinical psychologists in a correctional setting. These professionals do their own, more intensive screening of an inmate’s mental health history and current mental health status. Based on their findings, they provide program recommendations, offer group and individual counseling, administer psychotropic medications, assess how each individual would be best managed. Additionally, correctional psychologists are on-call to handle emergency situations involving mentally ill inmates, such as hostage negotiations and crisis intervention. The treatment of mentally ill individuals in jails and prisons is a prominent concern that is becoming more so as more ill individuals are sentences to jail and prison stays. Currently, the United States correctional facilities are the largest provider of mental health services. (Reingle Gonzalez,et al
Correctional administrators face a host of challenges when it comes to mentally ill inmates. Mentally ill inmates require more supervision and more care in regards to their well-being in the facility that they are housed in. In most facilities, mentally ill inmates are limited to less than substantial counseling services which may lead to disruptive behaviors. According to the Napa Valley Register, (2013), “Mentally ill inmates cannot be forced to take their medication by authorities.” (para. 6). Even though being incarcerated can be hard on the healthiest person, it’s harder on mentally ill inmates. When it comes to the mentally ill inmates, they are faced ...
Untreated symptoms of mental illness often pose health and social consequences for individuals. One such consequence is involvement with crime and the criminal justice system. Currently the majority of the prison population in the United States suffers from a diagnosable mental illness. Suffering from psychotic disorders, including Bi-Polar Disorder and Schizophrenia. Is prison where they belong? This paper will discuss the link between mental illness and criminal behavior, sentencing, rehabilitation and ethics involved with treating the mentally ill. Mental health programs can help to identify the mentally ill and help reduce recidivism rates and help individuals suffering from mental illness. With prisons being overcrowded, people with mental illness can just fall through the cracks and not receive the help they so badly need.
Research carried out by Torrey et al. (1993) suggests that the prison system is being abused as a mental hospital and should be used by those who do not have such a disorder. An individual deemed to have a mental disorder may be transferred from prison to a medium secure hospital under the provision of section 48/49 of the Mental Health Act (1983) for a period of assessment. This is seen as humane in comparison to a prison sentence, although the individual is not being punished they may begin to question why (Glover-Thomas,
The issue will be better addressed in the fictitious health service as all new prisoners will undergo a full psychiatric examination upon entering the prison and then continuous assessments every three months following for their first year in prison and every after that depending on their convictions. The prisoners will also be able to directly access an in-house psychologist to be able to express their feelings and concerns and to be provided with advice on how to deal/maintain their mental health illness or issues whilst in prison. This method will potentially allow the prisoners to have support there to access immediately without having to go through the long referral system that is currently being provided in most prisons throughout
Around 44,460 prisoners would be considered mentally ill in the U.S. in 2013. For an example a psychologist could develop special programs to help with substance abuse or to help prisoners prepare before re-entering the community. Some rehabilitation services have been proven useful for prisoners without serious mental illnesses. Research has shown that most prisoners in supermax prisons experience more extreme levels of anxiety and negative emotions. So in the last five to ten years supermax prisons have gotten more ommen and is still increasing as time goes