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The impact of the Australian gold rush
What economic impact did the gold rush have on Australia
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Melbourne is and through history was known to be a very famous city. The 1880s was a chaotic time for Melbourne and its history, known to many as the land boom decade. During the 1880’s Melbourne had become the richest city in the world and the second largest in the British Empire with the population rising from 268,000 in 1880 to 473,000 in 1890. Melbourne was seen as fast paced and reckless compared to other cities around the world and even within Australia. Sydney seemed older, poorer and lethargic in comparison especially during the period after the gold rush and through the land boom. The 1880’s was a decade that saw numerous new buildings being built. One of the most well-known and important buildings constructed was the Royal Exhibition …show more content…
Building, which signified Melbourne’s position as a major world city. In 1885, visiting English journalist George Augustus Sala christened Melbourne as being marvellous and for a while it was regarded as the New York of the southern hemisphere. The 1880’s for Melbourne was a time of increased economic expansion.
It was known in history as the land boom which was fuelled by wealth that had been created during earlier gold rushes (Peacock, C 2010). Out of all the Australian cities, it was Melbourne which had the most success from the wealth brought by gold and the influx of immigrants (Brown May & Swain 2005). Michael Cannon states that Melbourne was made rich by gold and populous by the immigrants who sought it (Cannon, M 1966). Immigrants came to Australia in the hope of making a fortune, whether from gold discoveries or in new businesses. During the 1880’s population growth was more than three times the expected level of natural increase indicating large-scale in-migration to the city (McCarty, J.W., and C.B. Schedvin 1978). The gold rush in 1850’s had many people flocking to Australia and mainly Victoria in hope that they would find a small fortune. This resulted in a population explosion. The fortune from this decade had enabled people to purchase land with their wealth. The increased population resulting from the gold rush resulted in a high demand for land causing the price of property to rise to amounts never experienced by Melburnians. Not only was the wealth used to buy land but the Victorian government was able to use the money to further develop Melbourne’s railway with stations reaching the lengths from the inner and outer suburbs of …show more content…
Melbourne. The land boom of the 1880s was followed by severe depression of Melbourne in the 1890s. Many people left for the Western Australian goldfields. The depression lasted the decade oh the 1890’s beginning with the collapse of the property market and resulted in Australia’s first extensive strikes. Australia’s Great Maritime Strike of 1890 involved 28,000 workers walking off the job and another 60,000 demonstrating in support of them. The widespread industrial unrest and the unionisation of workers created fertile conditions for the emerging labour movement, which was consolidated with the formation of the Australian Labour Party. The Royal Exhibition Building was and is one of the renowned buildings in Melbourne and had a big role to play during the 1880’s.
It is one of very few buildings in Australia that is listed as part of the UNESCO world heritage status. Over subsequent decades Melbourne showed itself to the world, hosting major international, industrial, scientific and artistic expositions. The Royal Exhibition Building was designed for the great international exhibitions of 1880 and 1888 in Melbourne. It also hosted the opening of the first Parliament of Australia in 1901. This building was mainly built for the 1880 international exhibition but also aimed to confirm Melbourne’s place as a significant and wealthy city (Arts Victoria,
2014). Although Melbourne was a wealthy city, it was also heavily populated with many people. The rapid growth of Melbourne meant there was a shortage of accommodation and overcrowding which led to the growth of the inner city slums. This was particularly a problem in the 1880’s as the population jumped from 268,000 to 473,000. This lead to Melbourne also being names marvellous Smelbourne' by the Sydney Bulletin newspaper, largely because open drainage was still a feature of Melbourne life in the late 1880s. While the townscape was visually appealing, a person’s senses were assaulted by a range of unpleasant smells
The next day, I went exploring, trying to figure out what was different about Sydney. Of course everyone around the world knows about the famous Opera House in the harbor but there was something different with the commercial building around the CBD.
In the late nineteenth century known as the Gilded Age (or the Reconstruction period) and the early twentieth century known as the Progressive era, the nation went through great economic growth and social change. Beginning in the 1870s, there was rapid growth in innovations and big businesses. This could be because there was population growth and when there is population growth, there is a high demand for products and other necessities in order to strive in society. Many immigrants from Europe, mostly from the eastern and southern Europe, and Asia moved to American cities. Additionally, farmers from rural America desired to increase economic growth and since corporations ruled and political problems occurred, they decided to move into the cities.
This is where the concept of “welfare capitalism came into effect. Welfare capitalism is defined as the practice of business providing health, happiness, and fortune services to their employees. Americans that were fortunate enough at the time to have an education and were among the skilled working class were offered paid vacations, pensions, and benefits (FLORIDA IN THE LAND BOOM OF THE 1920’S). This type of leisure played a key role in the Land Boom. Families and individuals of the middle aged, middle class America were travel for vacations or simply to escape the harsh winter climate in the north thanks to the automobile. The invention of the automobile gave citizens the means to travel greater distances in considerably less time. Another key factor that came into play was politics. The Florida government played a key role to the success of the Land Boom, this type of cooperative government gave investors and travellers the easy access to purchase land with great incentive. President Warren G. Harding promoted lower taxes and greater business prosperity at a nation level (FLORIDA IN THE LAND
The Gilded Age was was an era that saw rapid immigration. This along with an explosion of Americans moving from farms to the cities, causing more people migrating to urban areas than ever before. The growth of cities gave rise to powerful political machines, that stimulated the economy, and gave birth to an American middle class. It was a time of highs and lows.
The Gilded Age took place during the last thirty years of the nineteenth century where unionization of workers would become more frequent. The reasoning behind the name of this era is due to the fact that everything seemed nice on the outside in America but in actuality corruption and inequality could be found underneath the surface. As the economy was changing during the industrial revolution workers began leaving rural areas and flooding to urban areas for the opportunities, such as working for the oil or steel industry. The development of steam engine railroads for transportation and increased development of factory manufacturing techniques, caused more
With the coming of more immigrants, and the economic activity that came with so much of gold being produced, cities in Victoria and even in other parts of Australia prospered.
This mass rush of people all started in the summer of 1897; George Carmack was back from the Klondike with the gold he discovered in the summer of 1896 (SV; SV) (“The Klondike Gold Rush”). There was another ship, named Excelsior, which docked in San Francisco it also brought another miner and their riches from the Klondike (Stefoff). After the ships docked in Seattle and San Francisco, the word was out. “Even in those pre-Twitter days, word spreads fast.” (Martel). Thanks to the telegraph and many newspapers the gold rush drew many people looking for instant wealth (Stefoff). Once the people heard these telegraphs or saw the newspapers the prospectors were off to the Klondike (Glasner). The newspapers wrote an article on the boats coming to town saying “ A Ton of Gold from the Fabulous Klondike” Actually it was closer to two tons (Wharton).
Having the advantage of the gold rush, it was possible to get rich quick with the gold. With new inventions of tools that helped miners or helped farmers in their lives, life has become a bit easier. The population doubled, which in turn helped America economically. Doc. of the. 2, 5)
Prime Minister Malcom Turnball, Parliamentary members, officials and fellow guests welcome to this marvellous event. I am standing before you today to nominate an outstanding individual for the distinguished title of Australian of the Year; Ian Alexander Meldrum, better known as Molly.
It all started in 1859. Australia was slowly becoming populated with European pioneers who sought the newness of the great, unsettled continent. However, there were a few things from home from which they just couldn’t part.
During the post gold rush and pre gold rush (1847) similarities reminded the same. For example, the main way of transportation was by boat.
At the beginning of the industrial revolution in England during the mid-nineteenth century, the railroad was the most innovative mode of transportation known. The British Rail system was a forerunner in railroad technology, uses, and underground engineering. Though the rail system was extremely slow at first and prohibitively expensive to build and run, the British were not to be dissuaded in their pursuit of non-animal driven transportation. The most advanced mode of transportation prior to the introduction of the rail system was the horse drawn omnibus on a track, called a tram. This paper will examine the rail system from a cultural perspective, presenting the impact the railway had on everyday lives in Victorian London and its surrounding communities.
Australia is a very unique place, along with our multiculturalism there is also a strong heritage surrounding us. At first thought of Australian heritage we think about such landmarks as Uluru, The Sydney harbour bridge and The Sydney opera house, The Great Barrier reef and other internationally recognised places. But our heritage goes much deeper than that; it is far more than outstanding icons. Along with these icons there are also unsung places like the old cattle stations, Aboriginal missions, migrant hostels, War memorials, our unique wetlands and the towns and cities we have built. Adding all of these things together, helps to tell the story of who we are and how we have shaped this land in the unique identity it has today.
To begin with, the Gilded age caused for the extreme growth of the wealth of some people, but others did not benefit at all. The wealthy were able to live a lavish life and even own their own homes in the suburbs, “Many of the moderately well-to-do dwellers took advantage of the less expensive land on the edges of the cities and settled in new suburbs, linked to the downtowns by trains or streetcars.” The poor could barely afford homes, “Most urban residents, however, could not afford either to own a house in the city or to move to the suburbs.” Both groups face different obstacles, the rich were able to live in safer neighborhoods, while the poor were at risk of health issues, “An even greater hazard than fire was disease, especially in poor neighborhoods with inadequate
The Boom in the United States in the 1920's In the 1920’s the U.S.A was booming .businesses grew, people had more money to spend and they became very wealthy. Buildings and roads were built. New products were available to Americans like washing machines, cars and radios. In my essay I am going to look at some of the biggest factors that caused the boom. The most important reason for the boom was world war one as they were very rich after the war.