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The catholic church in medieval times
The catholic church in medieval times
The catholic church in medieval times
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1. According to the video, why was the Medieval Church important?
It was important because it was at the centre of medieval society. It was also the centre of the people’s lives in medieval times.
2. What does ‘clergy’ mean?
The term Clergy means religious officials who work for the church.
3. Explain the hierarchy of the Medieval Church.
4. Explain the job of each person in the hierarchy; parish priest, bishop, archbishop, cardinal and pope.
At the very bottom, there are the Parish Priests who oversee one particular town or church. The parish priests conducted church services. the bishops manage over a group of Parish Priests, called a diocese. These bishops oversee all the local parish priests.Above the Bishops are the Archbishops.
Many new changes came to Victorian England as a result of the age of industrialization. Where there were once small country parishes, manufacturing towns were springing up. One change resulting from industrialization was the shortage of clergy to fill the new parishes in these towns. These new parishes reflect the demographic changes of the English countryside. Rural villages grew into booming towns. Where a single parish was once sufficient, there was now a need for multiple parishes. The Church of England went about meeting these demands for new clergy in two major ways, actively recruiting men to the clergy and restructuring theological facilities and changing the requirements for ordination. These factors show us some of the upheaval and reconstruction that was going on in the Anglican Church in Victorian England. This was a direct result of the need to train a large number of clergy in a relatively short period of time.
The Greek Orthodox church is autocephalous, which means governed by its own head bishop. The head bishops of this autocephalous church may be called patriarch, metropolitan, or archbishop. These clergymen are much like the Pope; they decide church doctrine and generally make important decisions on controversial topics.
It is the concept of a single entity within the Church ruling with absolute power. This entity is not limited to a signal priest or religious figure it may also be a group and thus create an oligarchical structure. This is important because religion can often mobilize people, although when the church become authoritarian and totalitarian is can be dangerous.
Between 1000 and 1300 were the Middle Ages, also referred to as the Age of Faith. During this time, the Roman Catholic Church dominated influencing much of the medieval culture and values. Christendom, the Christen community of this time, and their beliefs had infused the writings, art, drama, and music as well. However, by the thirteenth century, the fusion of architecture, sculpture, painting, metalwork, literature, and music had focused primarily of the Gothic Cathedral. With these cathedrals also came “visionary” sculpture, stained glass windows, painted altarpieces, illuminated manuscripts, and much more artistic expression that reflected the religious vitality of the Age of Faith (Fiero 147). The Chartres Cathedral, also known as the
Deluxe Ellesmere manuscript of the Canterbury Tales, housed in the Huntington Library, in San Marino, California. 21 Dec 1998.
The Roman Catholic Church had three main sources of authority, which included; scripture, tradition and Magisterium which consisted of teachings authorities including Popes and Bishops. Martin Luther argued that traditions and magisterium should not be the main sources of doctrines, but scripture alone. The Catholic Church believed in the Sacrament of Holy Orders, and believed that priests had special powers to administer the Sacraments and officiate at the Mass. Luther claimed that this Sacrament didn’t exist in the Bible and questioned the authority of Popes and Bishops. He believed that Popes and Bishops were misusing their power and corrupting the Church, leading him to rejected the sacrament of Holy Orders and believed in the “priesthood of all believers” Which meant that anyone can administer the Sacraments and lead church services. The Council of Trent affirmed the importance of priest and their authority in the Tridentine Creed when they affirmed the Seven Sacraments. Luther’s complains about the Sacrament of Holy Orders and the authority of priests brought about reforms to the training of priest and their role in the Church. Priest where required to be educated in special schools called Seminaries. A Seminary is an educational institutions for educating priests in theology and to generally prepare them for ordination as
Ultimately, every human shares the common link of being a social creature. However, throughout the existence of humanity, many different approaches to the organization of societal relationships have been employed. A twenty-first century perspective of social relations in feudal Europe, for example, can raise many questions, as the meaning of many institutions and relationships has changed considerably. Understanding social relationships in the Middle Ages today and answering the question of their influence in other aspects of life involves considering feudalism as a part of larger historical movements and considering its impact on spheres beyond simple interpersonal exchanges.
Life in the Middle Ages were like hell to some people and like heaven to others. The Middle Ages had three levels of society, The king, The Barons, and the peasants. Kings ruled by divine right and were believed to be chosen by god. People believed to rebel against the king was a sin but that did not stop them from rebelling. A great king would have had to have a strong personality or the barons would try to rebel against him. The king gave land to the barons in exchange for soldiers that would fight for so many days out of a year.
The doctrine of apostolic succession is one of the key parts of the Catholic faith. It says that the pope (the vicar of Christ) and the bishops have in varying degrees the spiritual authority Jesus assigned to his apostles. The voice of the pope, either alone or in conjunction with his bishops in council, is regarded as infallible when speaking on matters of faith and morals taught in common with the bishops. Many features of the traditional teaching (dogma) have been analyzed and restated, by the councils and by great theologians.
After the pope, there were the bishops, priests, monks, and nuns in order of highest power to lowest. A bishop’s job was to fill the needs of the priests. The bishops were allowed in court and usually had the same items as the nobles. They wore nice, luxurious clothes. They wore hats called miters which were tall and had a pointed arch and religious garments that usually had jewels or beads. Priests usually were the head of the church and wore long black gowns. Their job was to care for people’s spiritual life and administered sacraments. Men and women who sinned would go to the priests to confess sins and ask for forgiveness. Monks were shut out from the outside world and lived a perfect Christian life and lived together in monasteries. Monks were smart and could read and write Latin, copy the books of the bible by hand, and teach to the sons of the nobels. They provided for themselves by gardening and managing land. They wore brown wool gowns with hoods called cowls and tied at the waist with a piece of rope. The cowls were the hoods they wore that were put on over the gowns. They were clean shaved but usually had a bald spot on their head where they shaved it as a sign of humility called a tonsure. Nuns were holy and lived together in a convent. They were not as educated as monks but were still taught how to read and write. The less educated nuns did the harder work. Nuns served the people by teaching the daughters of families who sent them about how to be a Godly person. They also took in older widows so the they wouldn’t be lonely and have a life that is secure. They wore gowns what were either black, grey, or white and were very long. They tied the gowns to their waist using a leather belt or cloth. They wore a scapular over their robes which was a long piece of cloth that had an opening over their head and wore a necklace made of beads or a chain that had a cross on it. Their heads were
The Catholic Church in the past centuries has been very male dominated. Male priests, male archbishops, male deacons, male popes. In fact in the Catholic Church most women have never held a higher perspective than a Eucharistic minister. This seems very odd, since these days women have...
The medieval university, while rather different from the universities of today, still cemented several traditions which persist into the modern day. Early universities like Oxford cemented the style of teaching and classwork which would be the standard of higher education, that being formal lectures and exams. They also used disputations at the end of their course of study to gain their degree. University at that time was also a costly institution, with tuition being present at the time as well. Degrees also retained their traditional titles, such as bachelor of art, master of arts, or doctorates.
The original Greek meaning for church is thing belonging to the Lord. However, the secular meaning describes the church as an assembly. Additionally, church in the Septuagint also represents an assembly or congregation. However, in the New Testament, the church described as a local Christian community or the Whole Christian community and sometimes it is represented by symbols (i.e., body, bride, temple, etc.). Moreover, in memory of the apostles the church is called Apostolic. It is apparent that the nature of the church evolves with the times. I will discuss the similarities and differences regarding the nature and calling of the church in the modern world.
After the classical period the structure of society was a mess. After the trojan war the Medieval period was the one to bring in the more civilized society. Having a more civilized structure brought in new ideas and a more structured government. The base of the Medieval period was Italian scholars and academics on the base of academics was only making slow progress across the world. The most horrific event of the Medieval period would be the Dark Ages. In the article Dark Ages the author states, “Dark Ages,;the early medieval period of western European history... disappearance of urban life” (Britannica 1). Dark Ages could affect the poetry by making the poetry very dark because there was no established government or established religion until after the Dark Ages. There were many defining characteristics of the medieval period the biggest one of the characteristics were; the building of the Feudalism and Manorial system of Government. . After the classical period there was not actual government but the the medieval period brought in the start of feudalism and manorial. In the article, The Medieval Period: Some Important Points by Rich Larson, for Larson states, “ This was also the time of feudalism and the manorial system...respect called homage” (Larson 1). The manorial and feudalism brought order to the government. The poetry would be affected by the amount of war that progressing throughout the period. The period brought in new ideas to improve society and the images of the society as portrayed throughout the era.
There are several stages to becoming a priest. The first step is contact, which is when a man who is interested but is not quite sure that he should contact his pastor or the Vocations Director. A man would meet with someone and share his feelings and experiences in the community. The next step is becoming a candidate. This is a more formal stage and the man begins the process of interviews and meetings with people from the Vocations office. A person can be a candidate for one or two years in which they view what the priesthood is really like. The next step is becoming a Seminarian. This is when the candidate enters the Seminary. He is then sponsored by the diocese and begins his theological studies. Next the Seminarian becomes a transitional diaconate about one year before his ordination to the priesthood. At this time he makes promises of celibacy and obedience to his Bishop. Seminarians are also given courses on writing and giving homilies. They also write samples and receive feedback on them. Finally the last step is entering the priesthood. After a lot of prayer and hard work a man is recommended to the priesthood.