1. Introduction and Background of Research
Events occurring in the world throughout the history have been able to attract people all around the world. Their perception, understanding and analysis are very much affected by the media through television or newspaper. Social media over the years have also played a great role in moulding the viewpoint of people regarding a news, event or occurrence. The impact of the media and its presentation became more important after 9/11 terrorist attacks. The event changed the world drastically and nothing could be same as it was before this historic event (Chomsky, 2002). Post 9/11 attacks, the world entered into a fear where 9/11 served as an ignition point. The world faced an aspect of uncertainty as U.S
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completely reformed the World perception in terms of foreign relation, businesses and the media. The event is considered as one of the biggest media event in the history of the media all around the world depicting the stories and controversies regarding the attacks (Li and Izard, 2003). Many conspiracies were made and organisations were blamed for their part in the attacks. However, the complete story was yet to be revealed. Attacking in the mega city of New York and the Pentagon with a unique kind of attack and plan took live global media and print media by storm and became a symbolic event in the history of the media as well. The attacks augmented the phobia among the citizens of U.S and all around the world and countries vowed for political pressures and military action on the war against terror. Vulnerability of U.S citizens and type of attack had a catastrophic impact on the political leadership, and the people all around the globe demanded a severe action. Hence, the role of media and press became more important to bring the true story and events to the people. Every eye and mind was curious to know how, why and what has happened. The U.S administration on the other hand, banked on the situation and initiated an impactful agenda by going to war against Al-Qaeda leadership in Afghanistan. The power of press and newspaper representation of 9/11 demonstrated the impact which the media …show more content…
They analysed different features of the press coverage and carried out a content analysis after 9/11 attacks, 2004 Madrid train and 2005 London tube station-bombing incidents. Their analysis was aimed to observe that whether newspapers cover local events more or global events more elaborately. In addition to this, they also studied that whether newspapers support government declarations, which try to unite the readers against a common enemy, or newspapers cover the conspiracies more elaborately. Based on the research, they founded that after the above-mentioned incidents the press regarded Muslims as responsible, and Muslims and Arabs were represented rather sceptically. They also revealed that news coverage had a significant impact on the press as well after any major
398).It is also stated that news divisions reduced their costs, and raised the entertainment factor of the broadcasts put on air. (p. 400). Secondly, the media determines its sources for stories by putting the best journalists on the case and assign them to areas where news worthy stories just emanates. (p.400). Third, the media decides how to present the news by taking the most controversial or relevant events and compressing them into 30 second sound-bites. (p.402). finally, the authors also explain how the media affects the general public. The authors’ state “The effect of one news story on public opinion may be trivial but the cumulative effect of dozens of news stories may be important. This shows a direct correlation between public opinions and what the media may find “relevant”. (Edwards, Wattenberg, Lineberry, 2015, p.
The attacks that occurred on 9/11 took place on September 11th, 2001. In this devastating event, four different attacks had taken place. Each of the attacks were carried out by terrorists. The group responsible for the attack was Al-Qaeda, a militant Islamist organization that is known to be global in present day. The group itself has a network consisting of a Sunni Muslim movement that aims to make global Jihad happen. Furthermore, a stateless, multinational army that is ready to move at any given time. This terrorist group focuses on attacking non-Sunni Muslims, those who are not Muslim, and individuals who the group deems to be kafir. Ever since the late 1980s, Al-Qaeda has been wreaking havoc all around the world. The leader of the group once being Osama bin Laden. Three planes were bound for New York City while another plane headed towards Washington, D.C. which was supposed to take out the U.S. Capitol. Two of the airplanes crashed into the World Trade Center. One plane hitting the North Tower and the other hitting the South Tower. The third plane had crashed into the Pentagon taking out the western side of the building. The last and final plane was focused solely on taking out the U.S. Capitol in Washington D.C. but failed due to passengers of the plane coming hijacking it from the hijackers. The passengers attempted to take out the hijackers but sadly failed, crashing it into a field in Pennsylvania. Throughout the content of this paper, we will be focusing on the role of media when it comes to 9/11; more specifically: how the media's coverage of 9/11 manipulated our feelings towards 9/11, how it affected Islamophobia in America, and the lasting effects of 9/11.
The worst terrorist attack in U.S history occurred on September 11, 2001. According to U.S government officials, nineteen men hijacked four fuel-loaded commercial planes with the intent to destroy the World Trade Center in New York City, as well as both the Pentagon and the White House in Washington D.C. The attacks began at 8:46am ET when American Airline’s Flight 11 struck the North tower of the World Trade Center, causing chaos on the streets below. Not even twenty minutes later, another commercial plane, United Airlines Flight 175, struck the south tower. Americans and people all over the world watched helplessly as the action on the East Coast unfolded. Any American old enough to remember can most likely tell you exactly where he or she was at the moment of the attacks. Whether we watched the terror in New York City on a television screen or experienced it first-hand, the sight of the initial impact of the planes on the World Trade Center, of bodies falling from the highest floors of the towers, and of chaos on the streets is truly unforgettable. Following the attacks on the World Trade Center in New York City, a third plane, American Airline’s Flight 77, hit the side of the Pentagon building in Washington D.C. Citizens of Washington were shocked, knowing that the terror unfolding in New York was not the only matter of worry. While our nation’s capital dealt with a crisis in its own city, the trouble in New York City was still at large. At 9:59am ET, the south tower of the World Trade Center collapsed, creating a cloud of debris large enough to cover the entire city. The north tower followed suite around thirty minutes later, but before that, it was reported that a fourth plane, United Airlines Flight 93, had crashed in a fie...
Historical Significance: The September 11th, 2001, attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon, orchestrated by Al-Qaeda and Bin Laden, were the events that launched the U.S. War on Terrorism. Al-Qaeda’s attack on the United States was carried out by members of radicalized Islamic groups, whose objective was to spread jihad against the secular influence of the West. This tragic event provided the historical b...
The terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001 changed the skyscape of New York City. They also changed the political, economic, and cultural landscape of the United States. September 11th showed Americans that not even the strongest military country in the world can protect its citizens from terrorism. The changes in America since 9/11 have not only impacted Americans but have impacted citizens of other nations worldwide. This infamous day in history had the power to turn the world upside down in only a matter of hours.
On September 11, 2001 the United States of America was targeted for a terrorist attack. This attack, known as 9/11, has many theorized and some proved causes. 9/11 has affected America greatly and even continues to now. Effects began in September, 2001 and continues all the way to modern time. Major effects include social, political and economical effects that are within the country. Another major effect is America’s response to her foreign culprits. There are many causes and effects of the 9/11 attack on the United States of America.
In the article “Terrorized by War on Terror” by Zbigniew Brzezinski, is about the attack on the World Trade Center on September 11, 2001. They hijacked four airplanes in mid-flight. The terrorists flew two of the planes into two the World Trade Center in New York City. The crash caused the buildings to catch fire and collapse causing the whole city to fill up with smoke and ash. Another plane destroyed part of the Pentagon in Arlington, Virginia. The fourth plane cr...
September 11, 2001 marked one of the most tragic events in United States history. As a way to assure the safety and wellbeing of U.S. citizens shortly after being attacked by al-Qaeda, President Bush stated, “Terrorist attacks can shake the foundations of our biggest buildings, but they cannot touch the foundation of America. These acts may shatter steel, but they cannot dent the steel of American resolve”. Although President Bush was seen a source of security during a time of need, many citizens felt that his words were not genuine and part of a dramatic story the government wanted its people to believe. Despite the side taken, both perspectives of the argument can agree that the U.S. was attacked by a series of coordinated suicide attacks by al-Qaeda. On that Tuesday morning, 19 terrorists hijacked four commercial passenger jet airliners. The hijackers intentionally crashed two of the airliners into the Twin Towers of the World Trade Center, one into the Pentagon, and the fourth into a field in rural Pennsylvania after passengers fought back against the terrorist to try and regain control of the plane. This is the story the government wants its people to believe. However, the truths about the attacks on 9/11 are much more frightening. On September 11th, 2001, the United States government betrayed its citizens by allowing the destructive attacks on the Twin Towers, WTC-7, the Pentagon, and Shanksville.
The terrorist attacks on September 11, 2001, dominated world headlines. The event became the longest non-stop news coverage in American history. Since an aircraft hit the moment the first World Trade Center, millions of people began to tune in to their local news networks. Shortly after the second aircraft hit the second tower, local broadcasts were interrupted to inform Americans of the unfolding disaster. Many news stations ran around the clock coverage giving updates on every aspect of the events.
The terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001 changed America and the world forever. When we hear about terrorists in the news, most often the media is referring to a person of the Islamic descent. The actions of a small group of radicals caused society to generalize about the entire Muslim community. Research done by Jack Shaheen, a professor of Mass Communication from Southern Illinois University and a consultant to CBS News, showed that the media has the ability to create false stereotypes of Muslims. The government enforces stereotypes here at home, which influence policies. During times of conflict, the media functions as the carrier of government policies. (Alexandar, Hanson, 64). Through this form of mediatization, prejudice and misconceptions about the Muslim community has risen.
With the tragic events of 9/11 more than 2000 people died with this tragic event and impacted many lives in and in America's culture. However at the same time he brought awareness to the nation's security didn't alter the beliefs of how people think of each other.
By the end of Act III, Nora has grown as a character, and this is easy
Nowadays the media have transformed its main mission of reporting news that actually happened in an accurate and objective way into covering stirring and controversial issues as news stories due to capitalistic motives. Moreover, today’s media took the motto “If it bleeds it leads” as a criteria to report any story. The aim of following this motto was to achieve high viewership rates and as a result gain more advertisers which will ultimately increase the profits. However, this motto changed the media from reporting facts into reporting sensational-fearful news. Thus, this paper will demonstrate the effects of sensational news, and how the media plays on the cultivation theory using sensationalism to increase viewers.
Lowrey, W. (2004). Media Dependency During a Large-Scale Social Disruption: The Case of September 11. Mass Communication & Society, 7, 3, 339-357.
The evolution of media, from old media to new media, has transformed the way we understand the world around us. New media is interactive and is user-generated while old media is a more traditional way of communicating through television, radio, newspapers, magazines, books, etc (Lecture Notes. January 12, 2011). New media gives us a new perspective by allowing us to interact with one another through the Internet. Media has become much more personal and diverse as user-generated content becomes more prominent in our lives (Lecture Notes. January 24, 2011). We are exposed to various viewpoints shape our understanding and knowledge of the social world, but does the form of media actually affect the way we understand the content which is presented to us? For my paper, I will determine whether or not the medium is the message by analyzing two different types of media sources and how they affect our understanding of the content. For my old media source I have chosen a news clip from the CBS Evening News with Katie Couric that deals with the ongoing Egyptian uprising. For my new media source I have chosen a video blog, or ‘vlog’, by an Egyptian man named Omar who discusses the crisis in Egypt from a personal point of view. Both media sources deal with the same topic, but result in different understandings of the crisis.