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Symbolism in mockingbird by harper lee
Symbolism in mockingbird by harper lee
Symbolism in mockingbird by harper lee
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In Harper Lee’s novel, To Kill A Mockingbird, many themes contribute to the idea of the destruction of innocence. Mayella Ewell is one of the many characters that help to teach readers a contributing theme to the death of innocence. Her characterization appears later in the novel during the Tom Robinson trial. Mayella Ewell comes from a family shunned by all inhabitants of Maycomb, eventually ceding to her feelings of loneliness and powerlessness, and falsely accuses Tom Robinson of raping her after failing to engage in a relationship with a man other than her abusive father, Bob Ewell. Miss Ewell is, in a way, an example of corrupted innocence. The character of Mayella Ewell is used to represent the theme of hope for a better future, …show more content…
and teach readers about the many factors that can counter and destroy it. Throughout the novel, evidence of the Mayella’s behavior and actions contradicts the idea of the Ewells created by the town of Maycomb, hinting at her deviance from her father’s and family’s mindsets.
The Ewells are a family known for being poor and uncivilized compared to other residents, leading to their isolation from society and causing Mayella Ewell to desire a better life, as proven by her actions and mannerisms. When describing the Ewell property, Scout pauses to mention, ”Against the fence, in a line, were six chipped-enamel slop jars holding brilliant red geraniums, cared for as tenderly as if they belonged to Miss Maudie Atkinson, had Miss Maudie deigned to permit a geranium on her premises. People said they were Mayella Ewell’s.” (Lee 170-171). The red geraniums are the first clue as to Mayella Ewell’s genuine personality, hinting that she is able to care for something as beautiful as flowers and is vastly different from the stereotypes and prejudice surrounding her family. The flowers in the yard of trash also symbolize Mayella’s wish for beauty and hope amidst the ugliness and despair she lives in. The flowers are once again mentioned, along with a meaningful description of Mayella later on. The second example of Mayella’s characterization is during the trial from Scout as she prepares to testify, commenting, ”...she seemed somehow fragile-looking, but when she sat facing us in the witness chair she became what she was, a thick-bodied girl accustomed to …show more content…
strenuous labor,” and noticing, “Mayella looked as if she tried to keep clean, and I was reminded of the row of red geraniums in the Ewell yard.” (Lee 178-179). Previously, her father, Bob Ewell, and one of her siblings were stated to rarely bathe, usually being covered in dirt and grime, yet Mayella’s cleanliness is used to further differentiate her from her family. Scout even manages to connect Mayella’s hygiene to the flowers she grows, both being used to symbolize Mayella’s attempts of improvement, contrasting to her family and environment. Mayella’s at first fragile appearance, and the reality of her looks also is used to show how even though Mayella at first may seem innocent, the reality is that she is also guilty of giving into her despair. It can be concluded that Mayella Ewell is a victim of abuse and neglect, desperately hoping for the opportunity to live a better life. Although Mayella Ewell does seem to want a better future, she eventually yields to the many forces that have weighed against her.
Mayella is a lonely, fearful girl, ignorant to the possible outcomes of her crimes of lust and abuse. The first issues that lead to Mayella’s crimes are her isolation and thoughts of hopelessness, revealed when Scout realizes, “It came to me that Mayella Ewell must have been the loneliest person in the world. She was even lonelier than Boo Radley, who had not been out of the house in twenty-five years.” (Lee 191-192). Mayella lives in a world where neither blacks nor whites will accept her, leading to her feelings of powerlessness and loneliness when facing her abusive father. When Mayella sees Tom Robinson, she realizes the opportunities he holds for her. Engaging in a relationship with Tom would not only end Mayella’s loneliness, it would also provide her with power and control for once in her life. Mayella’s ignorance leads her to act upon her lustful thoughts, breaking one of the largest rules in white Southern society, tempting a black man. Though Mayella is more intelligent than her father, she still has a very very narrow understanding of the world around her, allowing her to take action against Tom Robinson not caring for the full complications of her actions, as proven by Atticus, who says, “‘She is the victim of cruel poverty and ignorance, but I cannot pity her: she is white. She knew full well the enormity of her offense, but
because her desires were stronger than the code she was breaking, she persisted in breaking it.’”(Lee 203). Mayella’s lust for Tom causes her to force herself upon him, trying to break social taboo, and putting the blame on him when her plans fail and her father, who may also be engaging in an incestuous relationship with her, pressures her to play along with his plans. Though Mayella may first seem to be an innocent victim, she also allows her negative characteristics and feelings to take over, bringing about her condemning Tom Robinson and her own innocence. Mayella Ewell is a character used by Harper Lee to teach readers about the hope for a better future, while also including the factors that can hinder and end it. Mayella Ewell’s innocence was squandered when she destroyed the innocence of another, reducing her to one of the novel’s many antagonists. While Mayella can be seen as a blameless victim of loneliness and abuse, she allows her ignorance and lust for power to control her, resulting in her having an innocent man’s blood on her hands.
During the trial Tom said, “She says what her papa do to her don’t count… I didn’t want to harm her, Mr.Finch an’ I say lemme pass”(Doc B). As you can tell, this emphasized how Mayella allowed her own father to sexually assault her even though this should have never happened, and she should have stopped him. Scout then described Mayella during the trial and said, “Mayella looked at her father, who was sitting with his chair tipped against the railing. He sat up straight and waited for her to answer”(Doc B). This demonstrated how Mayella was scared of her father and let him control her when she should’ve just told the truth. To sum up, this showed how Mayella was powerless since she allowed her father to control her during the case by making her say what he wanted her to say by scaring
“... Mockingbirds don’t do one thing but make music for us to enjoy. They don’t eat up people’s garden’s. They don’t nest in the corncubs. They don’t do one thing but sing their hearts out for us. That’s why it’s a sin to kill a mockingbird.” (pg.103)Mayella is innocent because she grew up in an abusive household. The book gives hints that her father Bob Ewell sexually assaults her and leaves her to take care of her so called “brothers and sisters.” Mayella Ewell was put on stand and was made to lie to the judge and jury by her father, Bob Ewell, who beats her and abuses
Mayella is not one of those of other people in the small town of Maycomb that lives in a nice neighborhoods. Mayella lives behind a garbage dump with her father and siblings. During the trial of Tom Robinson, Scout describes Mayella’s home. ‘“Maycomb’s Ewells lived behind the town garbage dump in what was once a Negro cabin….Its windows were merely open spaces in the walls….What passed for a fence was bits of tree-limbs, broomsticks and tool shafts….Enclosed by this barricade was a dirty yard….”’ Mayella only has one thing that keeps her sane from all the horribly things that has been happening. Which is her red geraniums, Scout says that they are well nurtured by Mayella. Mayella has six of these red geraniums at the corner of her yard. Mayella and her father lives in the neighborhood of Negroes, nor would ever bother them except Tom because he's to nice of a person. “....white people wouldn’t have anything to do with her because she lived among pigs; Negroes [the Ewells’ nearest neighbors] wouldn’t have anything to do with her because she was white….” Mayella would not be powerful in the role of class because of where she lived and what she wored.
Mayella (white), goes to court against Tom Robinson (African American), where Mayella is accusing Tom Robinson of rape. When Atticus asks Mayella questions, Atticus mishears Mayella. An example of Mayella’s lack of power is when Atticus closes his argument by describing Mayella’s injuries during the court case. “Mayella Ewell was beaten savagely by someone who led almost exclusively with his left.”
It is Mayella's deceit that brings Tom Robinson to trial. Though she may not be forgiven for this lie, Atticus and Scout feel sympathy for her because of the terrible poverty in which she lives. Whenever Scout feels sorry for Mayella we do as well as we are viewing the trial from her point of view.
While the novel does take place post-Civil War, racism is still an ever-present factor in America. Slurs such as “nigger” or “negro” are apart of the common vocabulary, such as when Cecil Jacobs says, “That nigger ought to hang from the water tank!” (102). Since the black community is looked down upon, kissing Tom was one of the worst decisions she could make in the public eye. As Atticus explains, “She did something that in our society is unspeakable: she kissed a black man … No code mattered to her before she broke it, but it came crashing down on her afterwards” (272). Even in the judicial system which, by definition, is supposed to serve justice, has the odds stacked against African-Americans. When Atticus expounds upon this unjust bias he says, “When it's a white man's word against a black man's, the white man always wins” (295), rendering Tom Robinson’s trial practically useless. Because of the southern biases against the African American community, Mayella would be ostracized and shunned by society had she revealed her true actions. Everyone strives for acceptance, and will go to many extremes to achieve it, even at the expense of another. Therefore, one must give Mayella sympathy as she was only following her instincts as a
During the Tom Robinson Trial, Mayella is called up to the chair, asked a few questions and after she has had enough, she screams, "I got somethin ' to say an ' then I ain 't gonna say no more. That nigger yonder took advantage of me an ' if you fine fancy gentlemen don 't wanta do nothin ' about it then you 're all yellow stinkin ' cowards, stinkin ' cowards, the lot of you. Your fancy airs don 't come to nothin '—your ma 'amin ' and Miss Mayellerin ' don 't come to nothin ', Mr. Finch-" (She is scared of the town knowing that she is wrong and Tom robinson is innocent. Mayella uses this case to cover up the shame in her life because she is extremely lonely, has no self-esteem, and overwhelmed with the amount of unhappiness in her life. Mayella gets extremely defensive in this quote because she knows that everything Atticus has brung up is good evidence and she can’t hold her own. In the jury, it was full of all white men. Mayella acted timid and helpless and suggested in her comment that the man of the jury be brave and heroic. She becomes someone who is vulnerable, valuable and needs to be
When describing Mayella’s family, “[Ewell’s] place by the dump is highly symbolic in that they are truly the discards of society” ( “Critical Reading: The Margins of Maycomb: A Rereading of To Kill a Mockingbird” 174). However, Mayella is often described as being different from her family. She does her best to keep clean and even plants red geraniums where she lives. “Mayella plants flower to bring beauty to her house near the junkyard” (“Critical Contexts: To Kill a Mockingbird: Successes and Myths” 33). These flower symbolize hope for Mayella. The red geraniums symbolize beauty and a better life for Mayella as she tries to make distract herself from her unsettling
In To Kill a Mockingbird, this theme of deluding oneself rather than admitting a painful truth is shown through the town of Maycomb itself, Mayella Ewell’s internal and external struggles in dealing with her feelings for Tom Robinson, and how Jem refuses to believe that the world he grew up in turns out to not be what he had imagined.
To conclude, Mayella should be fully responsible for her actions. She is someone that should be condemned instead of pitied because she is conscious while deciding to kiss a black man, kills Tom Robinson by giving false testimony in court, and knows in advance the consequences of her actions. Tom’s miserable fate is in sharp contrast with Mayella’s, as this event in To Kill a Mockingbird is meant to reflect how white people are easily forgiven even when all evidence is pointing against them. Unfortunately, Scottsboro Boys’ end is the same as Tom’s – all but one of them were convicted and sentenced to death for something that did not happen.
The story “To kill a Mockingbird” takes place in an old tired town in Alabama during the Great Depression. In the story the main conflict involves a black crippled man, Tom Robinson, accused of raping Mayella Ewell, the daughter of Bob Ewell. The Ewells were the lowest of the low in Maycomb; they lived in the town dump and had no education. The Accusation of Tom Robinson was caused by the Ewell’s in an effort to better their lifestyle and increase their rank in the town. Although the story is told from Scout’s eyes, the whole story revolves around this questionable trial and shows that being vulnerable and innocent is a dangerous characteristic to have and can easily be taken advantage of.
While Mayella did lie which ended up killing Tom Robinson, she is still sympathetic as she demonstrates that she does not want want to be a dumb, dirty Ewell. She is isolated from society and a victim of domestic abuse. Harper Lee, the author of To Kill a Mockingbird leaves a lot of details in the novel for the reader to decide. Lee’s role, was to simply scatter evidence for readers to formulate their own conclusions on her characters, events and themes. Mayella Ewell’s personality and character was a scattered jigsaw puzzle and Lee created each individual piece which represents her words. Those who solve the puzzle correctly can conclude that Mayella is a very sympathetic character that was conceived to embody the evils of Bob Ewell and southern
Mayella Ewell is a character in “To Kill a Mockingbird”. She lives in the town of Maycomb, Alabama, where the inhabitants are very sexist and judgemental. In the book, Mayella is not powerful considering her class, race, and gender. The community members she lives near are a very large contributing factor to her powerlessness. Mayella has been mistreated a great amount throughout her lifetime.
Although Mayella Ewell eventually testifies against Tom Robinson on false grounds, her backstory and true nature is innocent, and her “mockingbird” only dies when her father corrupts her. First, when Scout is describing the Ewell’s living condition, the novel states, “Against the fence, in a line, were six chipped-enamel slop jars holding brilliant red geraniums, cared for as tenderly as if they belonged to Miss Maudie Atkinson… People said they were Mayella Ewell’s” (Lee 228). Being raised in the conditions that she was, Mayella’s attempts at rectifying her family’s image, even in these small, personal acts, captures the way she wishes to live and how she thinks. Caring for the geraniums and trying to maintain some semblance of cleanliness, especially when compared to the rest of her family, gives the reader
In the novel To Kill A Mockingbird by Harper Lee, nine-teen year old Mayella Ewell is forced to go against Tom Robinson, an African American who is accused of raping her. Although it is obvious that the rape didn’t happen, the author portrays Mayella as a victim of circumstance. Lee makes it somewhat easy to sympathize with Mayella by describing Mayella’s homelife, indirectly characterizing Bob Ewell throughout the novel, and describing Mayella’s actions while in court.