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Research on human sexuality
Research on human sexuality
Human sexuality observation paper
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Human sex research has made great advancements in recent years, however, there remains misconceptions that have yet to be completely exposed. A topic that falls under this category, but is still surrounded by stigma, is masturbation. In the past, mainly beginning in the 18th century, medical professionals began to claim that masturbation could have serious mental and physical health consequences. At that time, masturbation was considered to be immoral and was believed that it could lead to insanity, and even death. Yet, there was no scientific evidence to support these claims. With most cases, the evidence was only based on testimonies of supposed individuals suffering due to compulsive masturbation; even today there remains no evidence that masturbation is wrong or dangerous (Kaestle, 2011). Although many individuals retain negative attitudes toward masturbation, evidence suggests that these beliefs and attitudes are only common myth. The stigma that is associated with masturbation is often opposed with the commonality as well as the numerous benefits that can be attributed to it. Since masturbation is a natural behavior and can provide a safe sexual outlet, serve as a therapeutic treatment for sexual disorders and a method for self-discovery; it should be considered beneficial sexual act. In an article by Kaestle and Allen (2011), they studied how young adults learn about and perceive masturbation. They begin by discussing some of the various benefits of masturbation such as promoting intimacy in relationships, providing a substitute for riskier sexual behaviors and an understanding of ones body. They then state that sexologists often promote masturbation, and they make attempts to overcome the negative stigma it has received.... ... middle of paper ... ...ent that there must be more education and information available on the topic of masturbation. It should not be a topic that parents are embarrassed or want to avoid discussing with their children. Masturbation has many benefits however, if individuals cannot get past the misconceptions about it, they can never access these benefits. It can be used in self-discovery, to enhance relations, as a safe sex outlet, and a treatment for sexual problems. These benefits should not be overlooked, and action should be taken to not only educate children, but also include this in the discussion in various parts of society. This could allow for the removal of tension and discomfort that is associated with the topic. It will not be easy to eliminate the stigmas surrounding masturbation, however there has been improvement in the tolerance and it is becoming more generally accepted.
There is no study indicating that females don’t have the same desires and need to explore themselves. In fact masturbation is a healthy and natural thing for both males and females.
Hyper Sexual addiction is a disorder that can be defined as a person having a habitually elevated sex drive, fantasies, and urges. Nevertheless, compared to other sexual addictions, this could be known as one of the most riskiest and dangerous addiction. Hyper Sexual Addiction has become more prevalent because of the infidelities amongst some celebrities and political figures. Sexual addiction has always existed, but because of technology and social media, people have become more aware of it. People who suffer from this disorder are like drug addicts that crave drugs; they think they can stop, but the urges are constantly there. According to An Elements Behavioral Health article (2016), for the sex addict, sexual activity provides an intense,
The medicalization of sex addiction demonstrates the lengths at which medical authority will go to inject another fabricated disease into the blood of society. While alleged sex addictions have existed for many years, they have only recently been accepted as valid excuses for sexual deviancy. Attitudes toward sex addiction in the past offer a stark contrast to how it is viewed today, as the constantly medicalizing society insists on putting everything under the technical microscope. Sex addiction is commonly associated with a person’s inability to control his sexual behavior, implying an abnormally high sex drive and obsession with sex which have negative effects on his personal life (MedicineNet 2007, 1). Rather than breaking down the science behind the disorder, a customary practice in today’s medicalized society, older attitudes towards sex addiction placed it under the same light as alcoholism, where a lack of control and unwillin... ...
Masters and Johnson were a pioneering team in the field of human sexuality, both in the domains of research and therapy. William Howell Masters, a gynecologist, was born in Cleveland, Ohio in 1915. Virginia Eshelman Johnson, a psychologist, was born in Springfield, Montana in 1925. To fully appreciate their contribution, it is necessary to see their work in historic context. In 1948, Alfred C. Kinsey and his co-workers, responding to a request by female students at Indiana University for more information on human sexual behavior, published the book Sexual Behavior in the Human Male. They followed this five years later with Sexual Behavior in the Human Female. These books began a revolution in social awareness of and public attention given to human sexuality. At the time, public morality severely restricted open discussion of sexuality as a human characteristic, and specific sexual practices, especially sexual behaviors that did not lead to procreation. Kinsey's books, which among other things reported findings on the frequency of various sexual practices including homosexuality, caused a furor. Some people felt that the study of sexual behavior would undermine the family structure and damage American society. It was in this climate - one of incipient efforts to break through the denial of human sexuality and considerable resistance to these efforts - that Masters and Johnson began their work. Their primary contribution has been to help define sexuality as a healthy human trait and the experience of great pleasure and deep intimacy during sex as socially acceptable goals. As a physician interested in the nature of sexuality and the sexual experience, William Masters wanted to conduct research that would lead to an objective understanding of these topics. In 1957, he hired Virgina Johnson as a research assistant to begin this research issue. Together they developed polygraph-like instruments that were designed to measure human sexual response. Using these tools, Masters and Johnson initiated a project that ultimately included direct laboratory observation and measurement of 700 men and women while they were having intercourse or masturbating. Based on the data collected in this study, they co-authored the book Human Sexual Response in 1966. In this book, they identify and describe four phases in the human sexual response cycle : excitement, plateau, orgasm, and resolution. By this point in time, the generally repressive attitude toward sexuality was beginning to lift and the book found a ready audience.
Through case study, the psychodynamic approach was developed by Sigmund Freud. Freud visited Charcot’s, a laboratory in Paris investigating people suffering from hysteria. There, Freud began patient case studies (Crain, p. 254). Freud developed 5 stages of human development known as the Oral, Anal, Phallic, Latency and Genital stages. The Oral stage is from the ages of birth to 18 months. This stage engages in oral activities such as sucking. Next the Anal stage begins around age 18 months to 3 years of age. Freud suggests that during the Anal stage a child focuses on the pleasure of purging from the rectal area. The Phallic stages, none as the masturbation stage, when a child get’s pleasure from focusing on his genital areas usually happens during ages 3 years to 6 years of age. After the Phallic stage come the Latency stages. Latency is when children at the ages of 6 to 12 years old work to develop cognitive and interpersonal skills suppressing sexual interests but those 12 years and older fall into the Genital stages. During the Genital stage those suppressed sexual interests re-occur and the need to find gratification dependent on finding a partner (Craig & Dunn, p 12)
Our ancestors have practiced sex since the beginning of our civilization. Sex is not a bad thing nor is it a good thing when one thinks about sex all the time. It is best to have intercourse with those whom one feels the most affection to. Taboos regarding sexual affection have diminished throughout time. It was unimaginable to see lesbians and homosexuals announce their love to one another in public. There are religions that define masturbation as a dreadful act, but it only shows how disconnected certain religions are from society as well as presidents enjoying oral sex, rather than regular intercourse. Societies now have the liberty to choose their partner even if, they are the same gender as well as express their love to one another publicly. We know have the freedom to explore our carnal desires freely, inclusively in the military. Humans need for sexual affection has gone to such extremes in needing animals to fulfill their erotic desires. In the remote past, there is evidence showing humans engaging in sexual activities with large creatures as well as Greek urns, showing men h...
The reason I am writing this paper is to share the information I attained about human sexuality by learning about sexuality in a college setting and by exploring my sexuality through personal experiences. I do not consider myself to have experienced much exposure to sexual behavior but I do have a cultural bias to what I consider a heavy amount of exposure because the North American culture is considered more promiscuous and sexually active than other cultures.
Masturbation is such a simple concept, yet the controversy over the topic is discussed freely amongst many philosophers. Although the word itself has many definitions Alan Soble, Alan Goldman, Robert Solomon, and Thomas Nagel all have their own takes of the matter. Finally, in this essay, I will highlight the philosophical opinion of masturbation and the negative connotation it also possesses.
... children will hear about sex, if not from us were, the internet, T.V. , peers, all of this lead to mis information, wrong behaviors, and peers pressure. By just sitting down and deciding to talk about what they are going through, what they need and what they deserve can make the difference between a highly functioning teenager and child or an very confused young adult. (Bonner 3). “ contraceptive education is important! , but sex-ed has the equally important ability to prevent sexual assault at a developmental level if we give it the opportunity to do so.” Working together can solve this with all the statistics, and all the information, and all the time people have put in either trying to help or prevent. Harness that for a greater good that we as Americans can fight this and beat it because we can work together as a unit and come to a solution.
The American Psychiatric Association does not define atypical sexual interests as a disorder unless it causes personal distress, causes another person psychological or physical injury, or involves a person unwilling or unable to give legal consent. These distinctions were made to show that individuals who engage in atypical sexual behavior must not be inappropriately labeled as having a mental disorder. When we think of sexual orientation, we usually think of the continuum of gay, straight, and bisexual, but sexual orientation is a deep-seated attraction toward a certain kind of person. Erotic desire includes attention, attraction, fantasy, thoughts, urges, genital arousal, and behavior. It is further complicated by variations of dominance or submission, sadism and masochism, fetishes, and consent or no consent. These interests may be single or multiple, exclusive or nonexclusive, idiosyncratic or opportunistic, stable or fluid. Possible legal consequences, lack of opportunity, and unwillingness or inability to act all work to constrain our behavior. The sooner we learn this concerning human sexual behavior, the sooner we shall reach a sound understanding of the realities of sex. The reasons for our sexual choices are analyzed obsessively, imposing an undue emphasis on categorization rather than accepting the great diversity of same-sex attractions. But the act of categorizing all of these atypical sexual attractions does not mean that acting on them is either legal or morally acceptable nor unacceptable. Explanations for all of the elements of our sexual attractions are complex and probably unknowable. All research runs the risk of reductionism, but when research on sexuality focuses exclusively on genital sexual activity --to the exclusion of considerations of attraction, affection and affiliation--it falls short in understanding our
“The media may be especially important for young people as they are developing their own sexual beliefs and patterns of behavior and as parents and schools remain reluctant to discuss sexual topics (p.26)”.
Having comprehensive sex education in the schools gives teens safe place to discuss these issues in fact it has been shown that. Seeing that some teens are shy about asking the important questions from their parents, and the parents themselves are not always comfortable or brave enough to answer these questions which can be harmful the child. Having this be taught at the schools wil...
Sexual normality implies the innate amalgamation of one’s sexual drive, or libido, with a predetermined sexual goal, i.e., copulation. This ossified concept of normality produces a fragmentary view of sexual theory. Therefore, normality is not necessary or sufficient for sexuality; human sexuality is individual, not universal. An innate association of sexual drive with a specific sexual goal is incompatible with a comprehensive examination of human sexuality.
The Internet may have a positive effect on the American society in ways that it helps people access many different kinds of information, but a different kind of information can be regarded as useful or even destructive to our society: sexual content. In this paper, I want to discuss how the online world of sexually explicit content has affected society. I want to search into whether or not sex on the Internet has increased sexuality in society and whether or not is has made more people encouraged more to lose sight of the importance and emotionality of sex. I also want to touch on the positive and informative forms of sexual content on the Internet and what positive effects they have in our society. In conclusion, I will discuss what could be done to help keep young kids away from harmful sexual content that they should not be viewing at young ages that might harm them in various forms (that are introduced in this paper) later in life.
Pornography is an issue that we need to tackle as a society. Too often we are forcing children to deal with exposure of sexually explicit media without even realizing what it is. The only way to fight against the powerhouse of porn is through education. Adolescents need to understand what pornography does to their minds and too often they don’t find out they're addicted until it's too late. Raising awareness is the best way to ensure that this harmful drug which fosters depression, less progressive gender roles and higher sexual behavior can at least be slowed down if not stopped.