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Impacts of physical violence on women essays
Impacts of physical violence on women essays
The relationship between gender and violence
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Melissa Tirado
WGS: Midterm Essay 6
10-23-2012
In almost every case, crimes against women are at the hands of a man. Especially in terms of rape, you will find that rape narrowly defines women as the victims and men as the offenders. This is because millions of incidents against women have been reported, and incidents against men have been underreported. Several surveys regarding sexual violence have shown that about 40% of these victims were men (slate.com). Because the population sees more violent cases towards women, this in a way, normalizes violence against them.
Interestingly enough, the mass amounts of violent crimes performed are male on male acts (Crime As Structured Action). Because violence against woman is normalized, it
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In most cases, crimes are committed from an offender who is directly associated with the victim (Crime As Structured Action). Woman who have been abused are grouped with other women who have also been victims of violence. When in reality all of these women have specific subjects that are responsible for this abuse.
In order to fully understand or resolve violence towards women, violence towards men must also be understood. Gender violence should be analyzed as a whole. Violent crimes seem to be a way of expressing gender superiority. Violence is often associated with masculinity due to pre-determined gender roles and the disproportional amount of male offenders versus female offenders.
Gender violence appears to be about the offender emasculating the victim and placing themselves at the higher point of a gender hierarchy. With this hierarchy it’s easy to project a model of crime, and understand crimes against women. For example, this model would help show that crimes against women are due to a definition of femininity, and a hierarchy, the same goes for masculinity. When an inferior form of femininity shows a representative of a higher, more respective form of femininity, it can often present itself as
Society influences the socioeconomic inequalities between people, which usually results in differing social and cultural norms surrounding violence. These norms might include male dominance over women, while certain cultural norms might support violence and claim it to be a reasonable method to resolve conflicts in neighborhoods. We see this shown in the film because they talk about how violence is a two step process. The first part is the thought that, ‘I have a grievance with someone’, and the second part is that the grievance justifies violence (James et al.,
"Violence against women-it's a men's issue." Jackson Katz:. N.p., n.d. Web. 15 Apr. 2014. .
As it is in the case of the majority of violent crimes, (Davies and Rogers, 2006) perpetrators of violent crimes, and especially sexual assault related crimes exert additional force by threatening the victim or their families. Male victims also must contend with an additional sense of shame and embarrassment in being identified with a crime that has been typically portrayed in the media as happening to women. This places men at a disadvantage in the reporting process, because their safety and the safety of others is compromised further if the crime is not reported. (Messerschmitt, 2009)
In the past century, America has made great leaps in terms of equality. With the efforts made by the civil rights and suffrage movements, all people gained the right to vote. We are even moving forward with marriage equality, and currently fifteen states recognize same-sex marriage. But regardless of all of our progressive institutional movements forward, we continue to socially oppress women. Men’s violence against women has grown to be an internationally recognized epidemic, and will continue to grow unless measures be made to stop it. Domestic violence continues to be prevalent in the lives of many families, and is the primary cause of homelessness in half of cases for women in children. Many women have been forced to alter their behaviors out of fear of being sexually or physically assaulted. One out of every three women is sexually or physically abused in their lifetimes. The first thing that comes to mind is, there are a lot of people abusing women out there. Many people with opposing ideas may claim that men can be victims of violence perpetrated by women, but in instances not used for self-defense, it is rarely part of a systematic pattern of power and control through force or threat of force. In fact, 99% of rape is perpetrated by men, but when confronting men about the issue of violence against women, it is often combated with denial. Jackson Katz writes in his book, The Macho Paradox, “We take comfort in the idea of the aforementioned child-rapist murderer as a horrible aberration. A monster. We’re nothing like him.”(Katz 30). The sad truth is that most women who are raped are raped by men they know, or even men they love. Many men have a hard time believing that saying that most violence is perpetuated by men does not...
Throughout history, certain crimes have been separated into different categories base on their prevalence. For every crime, the offense and charge is different. In addition, not every crime is committed by the same gender. Crimes such as larceny, fraud, forgery, and prostitution (Chesney-Lind, 1986) tend to be committed more often by women; whereas, assault, murder, trafficking, etc tend to be committed by men. When it comes to the stereotyping of women in the criminal justice system one could say that women present themselves as victims to reach a lesser sentence or that by presenting themselves as victims they will have a longer sentence that will protect them.
Since 1970, there has been an increasing and alarming rise 138 percent of violent crimes committed by women. Still, while the equivalent percentage compared to male violence is small 15 percent to 85 percent the fact that the numbers have elevated so drastically points to something changing in society.
Rape isn’t a problem for only one gender, but both. These statistics shows evidence that woman as well as men have been mostly likely raped by someone they are familiar with. The statistics also expresses that rape happen anywhere. I use this source to show evidence that rape affects both genders and the severity of the problem.
Tjaden, P., Thoennes, N. (2000b). Full report of the prevalence, incidence, and consequences of violence against women: Findings from the Violence Against Women Survey. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Justice.
National data gives us an indication of the severity of this issue. When 1 in 5-woman report being victims of severe physical violence (NISVS, 2010), we must ask ourselves if enough is being done to prevent this from occurring. From a historical point, there has always almost been a distinction from men on woman violence. Based on the disparity of cases reported, male inflicted violence on females is much higher and prevalent. When the perpetrators of DV, and IPV are predominately males, we can no longer dismissed this issue as a cultural, or
The. “Gender and Homicide: A Comparison of Men and Women Who Kill.” Violence and Victims 5(4): 227-242. Keeney, Belea T. and Kathleen M. Heide. 1994. The 'Secondary' of the 'Secondary' of the The “Gender Differences in Serial Murderers”. Journal of Interpersonal Violence.
Traditionally, there has been little research on or interest in the impact of female crime in modern society. In addition, juvenile crime rates are on the rise, which combine for a void of research or information on female juvenile offenders. In general, crime rates for women offenders have risen since the 1990's. Increasing numbers of young women are also offending at higher rates. In a 1996 U.S. Department of Justice Report, the number of arrests of young women had doubled between 1989 and 1993. Twenty percent of all juvenile arrests were committed by girls, an increase of 87 percent. However, according to The National Study of Delinquency Prevention in Schools, males are far more likely to admit to criminal involvement than are females. For example, 12 percent of males and 4 percent of females reported carrying a hidden weapon other than a pocketknife in the past year (Wilson, p.150). There are several theories for this rise in crime proposed by modern feminists, including that the introduction of women into traditional male roles prompted women to commit increasingly dangerous and violent crimes. However, this paper will rely on Meda Chesney-Lind's theories from The Female Offender.
It seems that hegemonic masculinity does a great deal in explaining male-perpetrated familicide, but it fails to explain female perpetrators. There is a great lack of gender symmetrical explanations of interpersonal violence. However, as the 21st century continues, and there is a continued strive for gender equality, there is good chance that there will be an increasing amount of gender based research on violence.
The statistics available on violence against women are startling. Domestic violence is the major cause of death and disability for European women ages 16 to 44 and accounts for more deaths and injuries than automobile accidents and cancer. The Russian government estimates that over 14,000 women were killed by family members in 1999, but there is still no legislation that specifically addresses domestic violence. In South Africa, more women are shot in the home by relatives than are shot on the streets or by intruders (web.amnesty.org).
In part because of the feminist critique of masculine warlike actions, males are considered to be the more violent and aggressive. Constantly, during courses of violence, society is constantly asked: where are the women and what are they doing? This in turn naturally directs us to a domestic analysis while looking into the lens of conflict in gender. The framing has made females the victims in that context, which has being challenged by the acts of violence committed by females. This paper will examine whether or not males are more violent and aggressive than the females and depict whether or not violence is determined by the nature of biology and the nurture of the environment that the violence may or not foster from.
The obvious connection between the concentration of the two issues goes without question, but further investigation is necessary to better understand the issue. One would assume the violence would keep to just the men as they battle for turf, but women come into play as a representation of power. They are seen as a territory or a prize to be conquered. The rape or violent murder of women belonging to the opposing gang is intended to intimidate rivals. According to Reuters, the victims of these horrendous crimes continue to get younger as the attacks become harsher and more violent in nature.