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Alienation outlined by marx
Karl Marx on alienation
Concept of alienation as outlined by Marx
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In his work, Marx presents the process of Alienation. For him, that means that the maker of a product is pretty much forced feel his creation (the product) as something strange and not normal. Marx describes the process of Alienation as “dehumanizing” because it takes away the “human” out of us. We don’t get to do things as we want to do them; we do things as we are told to do and we are constantly kept of a track. In Alienation, we work like zombies and even become robots while working because we are not putting any thought into the process of creating the product nor have any joy while making it. Marx thinks that labor is one of the essential differences that we have with “non-human” animals. We do things because we want to do them and not because we have to do them. He then talks about “Alienated labor” that occurs under capitalism. Working in capitalism can be seen as a positive and a negative thing. It is positive for the employer because he takes the finished good and sells it in order to make profit. He loses money because he pays for the labor of the workers. Working in capitalism is negative for the worker because he is constantly being monitored from his boss and doesn’t have freedom at all. When you work in capitalism you make your boss rich and not yourself. In
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capitalism we often work jobs that we hate. While working that kind of a job we tend to feel “not at home” meaning that we don’t want to be in our work place because we hate every single thing about it and therefore it is a place where we don’t feel comfortable. Later on Marx presents the four categories of Alienation. In the first one, the maker of the product has been alienated from his creation because the finished good belongs to his boss and not to ...
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...he receiver who receives my delivery, and I just feel exhausted especially when I have to drive do deliveries in Detroit and drive back.
3. My routine at work is exactly the same every day I work. I get there in the morning and I put all of the products on a pallet, then I load all of the pallets on the truck I drive and then do the deliveries. That is what I do every single day. My boss considers me as
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someone that gets the job done. I can be replaced at any given moment if my boss is not satisfied with my work.
4. At work I don’t have friends. I have co-workers. We compete for seniority “rights” and the only thing that we talk about is delivery related problems or about products that have been returned from the stores. Each of us is “fighting” for a better position or a better wage and if there is a possibility that one can get it then we become “enemies”.
“The need of a constantly expanding market for its products (.) chases the bourgeois over the whole surface of the globe” (Marx, 212) and creates a world that cannot exist without the separation of workers and owners and competition for the lowest price. The struggle between the bourgeois and the proletariat begins when the labor of the worker becomes worth less than the product itself. Marx proposes that our social environment changes our human nature. For example, capitalism separates us from the bourgeois and proletariat because it alienates us from our true human nature, our species being, and other men.
Marx thought that you could have domination and oppression without alienation; however, you could not have alienation without domination and oppression. Marx believed that alienation happened when workers no longer saw themselves in their work. Alienation occurs when someone no longer works to sell his or her property to another person. But rather they sell their time in order to live, and create these products not because they get joy out of it, but because
This scene implies his detachment from his job as a result of his perception that the production process he is involved in is merely a sequence of repetitive routine that does not provide any intrinsic incentive for him to excel or room for him to determine how his job is to be conducted. Thus, similar to the product of his labor appearing like an alien entity against him, the productive process in this case becomes something that “exists out of him” (Marx, 1844). In the same vein, Li is portrayed in China Blue to be alienated from her act of producing jeans due to the repetitive and monotonous routine of cutting threads daily over long hours. However, one scene in the film that featured Li’s supervisor exclaiming that Li and her co-workers were able to execute all these productive activities even when they are asleep indicates that Li as an assembly line worker, in comparison to Peter, a software engineer, may be denied to a greater extent of her ability to exercise control over how work is being done. Hence, this raises an interesting question if the industry context affects the degree of alienation an individual feels, and whether such difference affects Marx’s proposed consequences of alienation on man’s identity given the knowledge-based economy that most
The final form of estrangement is alienation of man to man. Since the worker’s product is owned by someone else, the worker regards this person, the capitalist, as alien and hostile. The worker feels alienated from and antagonistic toward the entire system of private property through which the capitalist appropriates both the objects of production for his own enrichment at the expense of the worker and the worker’s sense of identity and wholeness as a human being.
Marx explains the condition. of estranged labour as the result of man participating in an institution alien to his nature. It is my interpretation that man is alienated from his labour because he is not the reaper. of what he sows. Because he is never the recipient of his efforts, the labourer lacks identity with what he creates.
Commodity fetishism has blinded people into believing that value is a relationship between objects, when in reality, it is a relationship between people. This in turn, prevents people from thinking about the social labor condition workers have to endure; they only care and value about how much objects costs. They think that the source of the value comes from the cost, but it truly comes from labor (FC). Through this objectification stems alienation and estrangement. Marx starts with the assumption that humans have an intrinsic quality. As human beings, individuals like to be create and manipulate his or her environment. Creating is a part of people; therefore, people their being into their creations. However, Marx postulates that capitalism and specialized division of labor separates that working class from their creations in four ways- through alienation from the product, the labor process, one’s species-being, and humanity itself. The working class suffers through this hostility to make create more wealth for owners of factories. They get trapped in a cycle to make products for profit, but as automation advances, machines begins to take over people’s jobs; therefore, there less employment opportunities available, which in turn allows factory owners to decrease wages and exploit and devalue the working class (EL). In the The Poverty
Karl Marx’s article titled Estranged Labor as found in his 1844 Economic and Philosophical Manuscripts pays significant attention to the political economic system, which is commonly referred to capitalism. He further delves into nature of the political economy with a keen focus on how it has negatively impacted the worker or laborer. Therefore, the laborer forms the subject of his critical and detailed analysis as tries demonstrates the ill nature of the political economy. To start with Karl Marx portrays how the political economy as presented by its proponents has led to emergence of two distinct classes in society; the class of property owners and on the other hand, the class of property less workers. According to Karl Marx (2004), proponents of the political economy have introduced concepts such as private property and competition indicating without providing any form of analytical explanation but rather just expecting the society to embrace and apply such concepts. In particular, political economists have failed to provide a comprehensive explanation for division that has been established between capital and labor. Estranged Labor clearly depicts Marx’s dissatisfaction as well as disapproval towards the political economy indicating that proponents of such a system want the masses to blindly follow it without any form of intellectual or practical explanation. One area that Karl Marx demonstrates his distaste and disappointment in the article is worker or the laborer and how the worker sinks to not just a commodity but rather a wretched commodity (Marx, 2004). This is critical analysis of Karl Marx concept or phenomenon on the alienation of the worker as predicted in Estranged Labor in several aspects and how these concepts are ...
Because of the conditions that the wage-workers worked in, Marx described it as exploitation. Marx felt that the wage workers were being exploited. The capitalist, also known as the bourgeoisie, were exploiting the wage workers, the proletariats, because of their cheap labor. They were essentially using them to create and increase their own profit. This in turn brought up alienation. Basically, alienation, also known as estrangement, is when a person is separated from their work, what they produce, themselves, and their environment. Marx’s theory of alienation was used to describe workers laboring under the capitalist society. The workers, also known as wage laborers, were commodities—things that are bought, sold, or exchanged in the market. They were selling their labor which means that they were being alienated from what they were doing.
Marx’s theory of alienation is the process by which social organized productive powers are experienced as external or alien forces that dominate the humans that create them. He believes that production is man’s act on nature and on himself. Man’s relationship with nature is his relationship with his tools, or means of production. Man’s relationship with himself is fundamentally his relationship to others. Since production is a social concept to Marx, man’s relationship with other men is the relations of production. Marx’s theory of alienation specifically identifies the problems that he observed within a capitalist society. He noted that workers lost determination by losing the right to be sovereign over their own lives. In a capitalist society, the workers, or Proletariats, do not have control over their productions, their relationship with other producers, or the value or ownership of their production. Even though he identifies the workers as autonomous and self-realizing, the Bourgeoisie dictates their goals and actions to them. Since the bourgeoisie privately owns the means of production, the workers’ product accumulates surplus only for the interest of profit, or capital. Marx is unhappy with this system because he believes that the means of production should be communally owned and that production should be social. Marx believes that under capitalism, man is alienated in four different ways. First, he says that man, as producers, is alienated from the goods that he produces, or the object. Second, man is alienated from the activity of labor to where...
The concept of alienation plays a significant role in Marx's early political writing, especially in the Economic and Philosophical Manuscripts of 1848, but it is rarely mentioned in his later works. This implies that while Marx found alienation useful in investigating certain basic aspects of the development of capitalist society, it is less useful in putting forward the predictions of the collapse of capitalism. The aim of this essay is to explain alienation, and show how it fits into the pattern of Marx's thought. It will be concluded that alienation is a useful tool in explaining the affect of capitalism on human existence. In Marx's thought, however, the usefulness of alienation it is limited to explanation. It does not help in either predicting the downfall of capitalism, or the creation of communism.
Marx’s theory of alienation describes the separation of things that naturally belong together. For Marx, alienation is experienced in four forms. These include alienation from ones self, alienation from the work process, alienation from the product and alienation from other people. Workers are alienated from themselves because they are forced to sell their labor for a wage. Workers are alienated from the process because they don’t own the means of production. Workers are alienated from the product because the product of labor belongs to the capitalists. Workers do not own what they produce. Workers are alienated from other people because in a capitalist economy workers see each other as competition for jobs. Thus for Marx, labor is simply a means to an end.
Marx's Idea of Alienation in Productive Activity (1) Marx explained that alienation is about the loss of human powers in the society and alienation separates human from his natural word, activities and makes man lose control over his labor activity. Marx alienation from productive activity emerged when human are barred by alienation from realizing their potentials and creativities, this was achieved under capitalism by division of labor which finally led to specialization in a specified or a fixed area of labor activity or task. Marx believes that alienation of human from productive activities is as a result of the expansion of division of labor and limits the worker from getting more of it potentials and self-existence. Marx explains that workers sell their labor to the employer or the capitalist for his satisfaction which in return pays the workers in wages for the labor which he fixed for the workers and not the choice of the worker, this alienates the worker from the natural social behavior and labor activity i.e. transformation of useful labor to abstract labor, the employer fixes your area of speciality, your job duties, and your wages and hours of work.
THE TERM "alienation" in normal usage refers to a feeling of separateness, of being alone and apart from others. For Marx, alienation was not a feeling or a mental condition, but an economic and social condition of class society--in particular, capitalist society.
The self is our experience of a distinct, real, personal identity that is separate and different from all other people. Sociologists look at both the individual and society to gain a sense of where the self comes from. Most believe the self is created and modified through interaction over the course of a lifetime. Self becomes very important in today’s world because it gives us a sense of existence. According to Karl Marx, self is very important he states that due advent of capitalism we have lost our sense of self. He gives theory of Alienation, that describes the estrangement of people from aspects of their self being as a consequence of living in a society of stratified social classes. The alienation from the self is a consequence of being a mechanistic part of a social class,
Marx, states, “ How would the worker be able to affront the product of his work as an alien being if he did not alienate himself in the act of production itself? [Pg.88]“ The imposition of such a question is to further look into the dehumanization process within the capitalist mode of production. Marx questions the relationship that the worker has with the actual “producing” of his product. The final product in which the worker produces is, as Marx states a summary of his labor; therefore, the “activity” of producing is the focus point of alienation.