Mahatma Gandhi

Gandhi perceives imperialism as a creation of Industrial development, which perpetuates greed, and the desire to increase profit at the expense of the body and society. Gandhi states. “Those who are intoxicated by modern civilization are not likely to write against it. Their care will be to find out facts and arguments in support of it, and this they do unconsciously” (Gandhi, chp 6). Gandhi’s presumes that civilization, like an incurable disease, and new-civilized creations are a limitation to the body and society. Thus, India’s helplessness is in conjunction with its British association. Moreover, a ‘disarmed India has no control of resistance of ‘western-civilization’ so then what is civilized justice? According to Gandhi, civil justice is punishing those who endanger the survival of profits and prestige from colonial imperialism. On March 10, 1922, Gandhi pleaded responsible for leading the noncooperation movement, and in light of his sedition, Gandhi’s earlier political career and written work Hind Swaraj, attests the flaws of colonial political and ethical manifesto.

In retrospect to Gandhi’s beliefs of ‘passive resistance’, his earlier political career, above all, began as a layer in London. He was educated by the civilization he later detested. Gandhi began to formulate his own critique of the materialist west. His experience in South Africa, led him to create the Indian National Congress in 1894, and his ideological concept of passive resistance helped him to establish nonviolence into strength. Gandhi discovered this spiritual identity in South Africa that became embellished in his message of Swaraj. Gandhi believed in Swaraj and used this philosophy of passive resistance to produce Hind Swaraj in 1908. This became an...

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...waraj. This passive resistance is acquired through four different fundamentals: truthfulness, voluntary poverty, self-control, and fearfulness. These were four fundamentals the British had stripped India of. In reaction to colonialism, Gandhi exposed modernity and development as flaws of civilization. More over, modern civilization represents the King of Satan and the God of war; conversely, ancient civilization is the kingdom of god and the God of Love (Gandhi, epilogue). Thus, the metaphors are embedded with Gandhi’s philosophy for characterizing his state of mind that the dismay of the noncooperation movement brings validity to Ghandi’s statement, “I came reluctantly to the conclusion that the British connection had made India more helpless that she was ever before, politically and economically. A disarmed India has no power of resistance against any aggressor…”.