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Quasi-Experimental Research Designs
Quasi-Experimental Research Designs
Quasi-Experimental Research Designs
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Sample. Working in conjunction with the MDRS, the researcher will obtain a sampling frame. All individuals enrolled in the MDRS’ vocational rehabilitation programs that met the age criteria of 18 to 24, and their records document a clinical diagnosis of ADHD will be eligible to participate in the research study. Due to the study design being quasi-experimental, participants will not be randomly assigned to the conditions (Shadish et al., 2002). Instead, the researcher will work in conjunction with the MDRS vocational rehabilitation administrators to select participants for assignment to the treatment and untreated control groups (Shadish et al., 2002). An individual’s level of participation in the MDRS vocational rehabilitation programs …show more content…
Once the researcher has obtained the appropriate MDRS permissions and Institutional Review Board (IRB) approval from The University of Southern Mississippi, the research study will launch.
Sample Size. For this research study, an estimated 60 young adults, ages 18-24 with ADHD (best estimate) are currently enrolled in MDRS’ vocational rehabilitation programs. Using the Raosoft sample size calculator, the sample size would need to be 53 samples, with a margin of error at 5%, confidence level at 95%, and response distribution at 50% (Raosoft, n.d.). Based on the sample size calculation, the researcher will recruit a total of 54 young adults with ADHD (N = 54) to participate in the research study. Based on the sample size, two conditions will exist for the study, a treatment group (n = 27) and a control group (n = 27).
Data Collection Process
Upon IRB approval, the recruitment process will commence for the study. Recruitment of eligible participants will ensue working in conjunction with the director of vocational rehabilitation and program administrators. Assignment to a specific condition by the researcher in collaboration with MDRS administrators will occur once an individual has expressed interested in
Sacket et al, cited in, Duncan, E,A,S, (2006) Foundtions for practice in Occupational Therapy, 4th edition, Elsevier Ltd.
Evaluating Process: First, it is important to review R’s occupational profile for progress from the start of occupational therapy. This is done to determine which assessment fits the needs of R and to ensure that the services rendered fits the client's purpose and goal. Some of the information gathered will include: client's occupational history, ADL patterns, needs and goals, environmental issues, and what the client’s limitations. It is important to evaluate the client’s progress to help facilitate the services that the new occupational therapist will continue. In addition, the client's concerns and interests are assessed in a welcome and open interview to attain additional information that R's family may
IRBs review all aspects of the researchers' project: the study design, the recruitment process, the participant population, the informed consent document and process, the risk/benefit ratio, privacy and confidentiality, data storage and protection, and safeguards for vulnerable participants (University of St. Francis, n.d.). In this way, participants' rights are protected because the effort is made even before the research begins. The review process ensures that participants are chosen fairly and adequately and the information collected during research is safeguarded through collection, use, and storage. Research using human participants is such an important part of medicine that it is imperative it is performed in a way that its intrigue is not compromised. The Institutional Review Board Process Applying for exempt research study approval from the IRB at the University of St. Francis involves submitting a copy of the work, an application, and a statement explaining why the researcher believes the study would be exempt from expedited or full-level IRB review approval.
National Institute of Mental Health (1999). Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, Retrieved April 2, 2003 from www.nimh.nih.gov/publicat/adhd.cfm#adhd3
Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) is the main type used to treat ADHD in psychotherapy treatment for children. Moreover, it integrates the following two components: behavioural interventions; and parent training. The main goal is improving the daily functioning of the child by improving their behaviour, family, and peer relationships. Interventions for parents are designed to help parents develop optimal strategies to cope with the difficult behaviour to or coexist with ADHD rather than addressing the core symptoms of inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. By doing so, answering the research question, could help us to modify their behaviour and raising their grades. Teachers can create an enhanced learning environment for all children
ADHD is a disorder that has been on the rise for several years now. The disorder is one that can cause many impairments to a child’s attention span, making it difficult to concentrate and to keep on task, especially on schoolwork. (Graham, 2007) The statistics have been growing ...
Attention-Deficit/ Hyperactivity Disorder, otherwise known as ADHD, is the most common psychiatric condition effecting 9.5% of school-aged children in the United States (intuniv, 2013). If the disorder goes untreated, it will cause more long-term side effects and difficulties for the individual as an adult. Adults who have this condition face several adversities in every day life, such as impulsive behavior, low self-esteem and poor work performance. People are not aware of the complications that come with ADHD in adults. Not knowing the symptoms of the disease can cause people to not be sympathetic when they are interacting with someone with disorder.
The purpose of this research was to describe and understand Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and the most effective treatment options that are available today. ADHD is a mental health disorder that affects 3-9% of the population in ways that, if left untreated, can wreak havoc on the mind of the sufferer. It makes concentration difficult, large tasks seem insurmountable, and causes impulsive and hyperactive tendencies. Fortunately, research and experiments have led to new and effective treatments to help those who suffer from this disorder (Dupaul 8). This research examined journal articles and internet sources on the topic to help unlock the complexities of the disorder through scientific research. It also was a way to separate the myths of the disorder from the truths, while discovering the causes, diagnosis methods, and best treatment alternatives to battle this prevalent disorder.
Chandler, C. (2011). The Science of ADHD: A Guide for Parents and Professionals. New York:
According to a variety of clinical studies appearing in various peer-reviewed journals, only 8% of children and 5% of adults have ADHD, but 21 to 45% of all criminals in US prison have ADHD (Quily.) One of the most prevalent mental conditions in children, ADHD is also one of the fastest growing mental health problems for school-age populations (Wolfe.) Its occurrence appears to be anywhere between 2 to 10% of children in school, and corresponds to 7.4% of parents with children ages 3-17 indicating that they have been notified that their child has this condition. As a result, treatment numbers for ADHD have dramatically increased over the last few decades; ADHD is more commonly diagnosed in boys than girls although there are no discernible disparities in diagnosis by race. A great deal of research has focused on short-term consequences of this condition on school-age children, including an increased...
Occupational therapy (OT) theory offers valuable contribution to support professionalization since possessing a unique body of knowledge is essential to define a profession (Cooper, 2012). To utilize theory effectively, it is essential to differentiate between generic and specific theory as knowledge of the core theory helps to form OT identity and action as a practicing practitioner. In this essay, OT theory refers only to philosophy and OT specific models. Frame of references (FOR) will not be included since it can be shared with the other professions (Boniface & Seymour, 2012).
The Rehabilitation Act of 1973 prohibits discrimination on the basis of disability in programs conducted by Federal agencies, in programs receiving Federal financial assistance, in Federal employment, and in the employment practices of Federal contractors (US Department of Justice, 2011...
Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is very commonly known. Today, ADHD is one of the most common mental disorders among children. The NIMH (The national institute of mental health) predicts that it affecting 3 to 5 percent of all children(AACAP), with an approximate amount of 30% to 65% of these children experiencing persistence of symptoms into adolescence and adulthood (AACAP).There are three types of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; Predominantly Hyperactive-Impulsive Type, Predominantly Inattentive Type, and Combination Type(ehow.com). The symptoms of ADHD can be classified into three main categories; hyperactivity, inattention, and impulsivity. These behaviors can interfere with ADHD sufferers’ ability to focus deliberately on organizing and completing a specific task that they may not enjoy. A case of this kind of behavior is recognized in a report written by the National Institute of Mental Health where one of the subjects under study was unable to pass schooling examinations due to her inattentive behavior (clinicaltrials.gov) These kinds of behaviors can damage the person's relationships with others in addition to disrupting their daily life, consuming energy, and diminishing self-esteem, depending on severity of their symptoms (adhd.com). In this paper, the multiple factors of how ADHD affects, and is handled, of those who undergo this disorder, are shown.
Researchers in this study decided to focus on families affected by ADHD for several reasons. The first reason is the prevalence of ADHD, for “ADHD in the general population is approximately 3% to 8%” (Lench, Levine, & Whalen, 141). Additionally, parents who report ADHD symptoms a...
Nursing standard, 24(51), 42-45. Institute of psychiatry, psychology, & neuroscience” Mental Healthcare :: Homepage (Mental Healthcare :: Homepage) http://www.mentalhealthcare.org.uk/ O’Brien, J. C., & Hussey S. M. (2012). Introductory questions. Introduction to occupational therapy (4-5).