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Examine allegory and symbolism in Young Goodman Brown by Hawthorne
Symbolism in Hawthorne's works
Nathaniel Hawthorne's use of symbols
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There is a long list of literary devices used by Nathaniel Hawthornes in his short story “ A young Good man Brown” such as symbolism, imagery, tone, simile, point of view, plot,, spectacle, allegory, irony, personification . However, we will present an analysis of the four or five of the most salient ones. Personification is one of the devices Nathaniel relies upon in presenting his story. The title of the story itself is revealing in terms of symbolism. At it sound, it implies the depiction of what a young good man may stand for or the irony of it in a twisted opposite form. The names of the characters further enhance the symbolism in the story. Goodman, Faith, Goody, and Reverend all play on the sense of good. Nathaniel reinforce this perspective with the narrator comment about Faith's …show more content…
This could also stand as a promise that all will be fine at his return. But, Goodman returns home pale, sad, distrustful, darkly meditative, a desperate man who gazes sternly at his wife and turn away. Or, what about this statement about his wife: “Well, she's a blessed angel on earth; and after this one night I'll cling to her skirts and follow her to heaven." However, on his way back home Goodman can no longer stand this seemingly innocent wife. No harm should have come to thee but Goodman is the harm now that comeback to hunt Faith his wife. With regard to allegory the line "But where is Faith? Thought Goodman Brown; and, as hope came into his heart, he trembled.” Is he looking for his spiritual faith or is he really after his wife or both. The answer comes out of Goodman own mouth: “My Faith is gone!' cried he, after one stupefied moment. ‘There is no good on earth; and sin is but a name. Come, devil! For to thee is this world given," Goodman has lost his faith in his wife, his spiritual leaders, and mankind as a result of his discovery that this world is given to the
The use of symbolism in "young Goodman Brown" shows that evil is everywhere, which becomes evident in the conclusion of this short story. Hawthorne's works are filled with symbolic elements and allegorical elements. "Young Goodman Brown" deals mostly with conventional allegorical elements, such as Young Goodman Brown and Faith. In writing his short stories or novels he based their depiction of sin on the fact that he feels like his father and grandfather committed great sins. There are two main characters in this short story, Faith and Young Goodman Brown. "Young Goodman Brown is everyman seventeenth-century New England the title as usual giving the clue. He is the son of the Old Adam, and recently wedded to Faith. We must note that every word is significant in the opening sentence: "Young Goodman Brown came forth at sunset into the street of Sale, Village; but put his head back, after crossing the threshold, to exchange a parting kiss with his young w2ife.
In “The Minister’s Black Veil”, Mr. Hooper’s wife begs him to take off the veil but to no avail. The secret sins symbolized by the black veil, he wears will not go away on earth so in turn he refuses to take it off. As a result, his wife leaves him. In “Young Goodman Brown”, Goodman Brown leaves his wife, Faith, at night. Goodman Brown is leaving because he wants to commit an evil deed in the night. In the gloomy and evil night, Faith describes herself as “A lone woman is troubled with such dreams and such thoughts that she’s afeard of herself sometimes” (36). His wife is a symbol of Goodman Brown’s faith which waivers because of his secret sin. Also pertaining to Faith, Goodman Brown discovers his wife was worshipping the devil. Their relationship suffers as a result. The author describes,“Often walking suddenly at midnight, he shrank from the bosom of Faith”(45). Goodman Brown is not able to see his wife in the same light because he is afraid of her secret sin. He ends up dying as an alone and downcast
Immediately Jesus reached out his hand and caught him. "You of little faith," he said, "why did you doubt?" (Matthew 14:31) The manner in which Goodman Brown based his faith is a very good example of how not to base one’s faith. The strength of Goodman Browns faith was based on his wife’s faith, his trust in his neighbors, and his personal experiences. The strength of one’s faith is one of the most important aspects of any person, and it is especially important in the story Young Goodman Brown.
During Goodman Brown’s journey, he recognized Goody Cloyse, his catechism teacher, the preacher, and Deacon Gookin is going to the devil’s meeting. However, after seeing his church members at the devil’s meeting, Goodman says, “My Faith is gone! and There is no good on earth; and sin is but a name. Come devil! for to thee is this world given” (Hawthorne 27). “But, where is Faith?”, asked Goodman Brown (Hawthorne 29). As hope came into his heart, he trembled when he found the pink ribbon of his wife, Faith, in the forest. At that moment, Goodman Brown lost his faith in his family and church members. Goodman becomes unforgiving of others and believes only evil can be created from evil and there is nothing that anyone can do to change it. Here, Hawthorne demonstrates that a naive faith in our family, friends, and church member’s righteousness could lead to distrust. While, “Young Goodman Brown” lives a long life with Faith, he never loses his meanness toward humanity and the evil in the world, “for his dying hour was gloom” (Hawthorne
Unfortunately, Goodman Brown truly has lost his faith. Though his wife appears unchanged and wishes to welcome him with open, loving arms Brown rejects her. The reader is left slightly confused as to why, but perhaps Brown has given up hope that good can win over the enormous amount of sin or evil out there. He is unable to accept Faith now that he is forced to see her in her unclean or imperfect state. Brown can no longer see the good for the evil surrounding him, and has lost all hope. Although Brown tried to resist the devil, in the end he failed in his journey of exploring evil and returning to the side of good.
In Young Goodman Brown, Nathaniel Hawthorne tells the tale of a man and his discovery of evil. Hawthorne’s primary concern is with evil and how it affects Young Goodman Brown. Through the use of tone and setting, Hawthorne portrays the nature of evil and the psychological effects it can have on man. He shows how discovering the existence of evil brings Brown to view the world in a cynical way. Brown learns the nature of evil and, therefore, feels surrounded by its presence constantly.
Nathaniel Hawthorne uses different people as symbols throughout "Young Goodman Brown." The largest symbolic roles in the story are goodman Brown and his wife Faith. Both of the characters' names are symbolic and representative of their personalities. "'With Heaven above and Faith below, I will stand firm against the devil!' cried goodman Brown," is just one of many quotes that directly relates goodman Brown's personality with his name (189). Goodman Brown is truly a good man. Faith, goodman Brown's wife, also has a name that is indicative of her nature. The story directly supports this point in the phrase "Faith, as the wife was aptly named . . . " (184). Faith is persistent in trying to keep goodman Brown off the path of sin in the first part of the story: " . . . pr'y thee, put off your journey until sunrise, and sleep in your own bed to-night" (184). Hawthorne does an excellent job of turning the main characters into symbols that are prominent throughout the story.
From the very outset of the tale, Goodman is a person of action: “YOUNG GOODMAN BROWN came forth at sunset, into the street of Salem village, but put his head back, after crossing the threshold, to exchange a parting kiss with his young wife.” The reader sees him develop emotionally even as he walks away towards the woods:
Hawthorne names his wife Faith. Her name symbolizes the faith in all mankind. Hawthorne describes Faith as “the wife was aptly named” (Hawthorne 1). In the end of Young Goodman Brown, Goodman brown loses his faith and his wife disappears."My Faith is gone! There is no good on earth. Come, devil; for to thee is this world given."(Hawthorne 6). It symbolizes giving into sin and losing faith in the lord. Hawthorne uses allegory when telling the story about losing faith in mankind.
Nathaniel Hawthorne utilizes symbolism throughout his short story Young Goodman Brown to impact and clarify the theme of good people sometimes doing bad things. Hawthorne uses a variety of light and dark imagery, names, and people to illustrate irony and different translations. Young Goodman Brown is a story about a man who comes to terms with the reality that people are imperfect and flawed and then dies a bitter death from the enlightenment of his journey through the woods. Images of darkness, symbolic representations of names and people and the journey through the woods all attribute to Hawthorne's theme of good people sometimes doing bad things.
Young Goodman Brown’s journey begins with his departure from Faith, for he must “tarry away from thee.” (Nathaniel Hawthorne 1289) Could it be that he is questioning his very own Faith/religion and must test it on this very night? Or is Young Goodman simply leaving his wife Faith, unaware of what lies ahead of him? I personally believe Young Goodman Brown is simply saying his farewells with his wife of only three months.
Nathaniel Hawthorne’s “Young Goodman Brown” is an excellent example of the use of allegories and symbolism as a form of satire on Puritan faith. According to Frank Preston Stearns, author of The Life and Genius of Nathaniel Hawthorne, “Hawthorne may have intended this story as an exposure of the inconsistency, and consequent hypocrisy, of Puritanism” (Stearns 181). Throughout the story of “Young Goodman Brown,” Hawthorne tries to infuse as many symbols and allegories as he can to enhance the overall meaning of his story. He uses the village, Goodman Brown, Faith, the man in the forest, and the time spent in the forest as either a symbol or an allegory to get his point across that Puritans are not always what they seem to be.
It is surprising, in a way, to discover how few of the many critics who have discussed "Young Goodman Brown'' agree on any aspect of the work except that it is an excellent short story. D. M. McKeithan says that its theme is "sin and its blighting effects." Richard H. Fogle observes, "Hawthorne the artist refuses to limit himself to a single and doctrinaire conclusion, proceeding instead by indirection,'' implying, presumably, that it is inartistic to say something which can be clearly understood by the readers. Gordon and Tate assert, "Hawthorne is dealing with his favorite theme: the unhappiness which the human heart suffers as a result of its innate depravity." Austin Warren says, ''His point is the devastating effect of moral scepticism." Almost all critics agree, however, that Young Goodman Brown lost his faith. Their conclusions are based, perhaps, upon the statement, "My Faith is gone!" made by Brown when he recognizes his wife's voice and ribbon. I should like to examine the story once more to show that Young Goodman Brown did not lose his faith at all. In fact, not only did he retain his faith, but during his horrible experience he actually discovered the full and frightening significance of his faith.
In 'Young Goodman Brown,'; Hawthorne makes the reader believe that Goodman Brown has learned that truth about the world and how evil it really is. In the story the accounts of Goodman Brown let you believe that he has truly seen the evil in the world and knows what lurks behind everybody masks. He makes you realize that even though the person may look holy and religious that evilness is all around us and most people will never ever find out the truth. The character Young Goodman Brown written by Nathaniel Hawthorne finds many issues of evil concerning the town's people in which he lives, about himself, and the reality behind the evil.
To begin, the introduction to Goodman Brown begins with introducing characters that seem to exemplify youthfulness, earnestness, and innocence. Interactions between Goodman and Faith, such as the "parting kiss" (Hawthorne 239), and even the description of Faith, whose cap contains pink ribbons that the wind plays with contains a sense of whimsy and playfulness that sets the reader up thinking of the young couple in positive terms. However, Goodman changes this quickly with his discussion of leaving, as well as his parting. At this point, we see the conflict within the characterization of Goodman Brown emerge, referring to himself as "a wretch...to leave her on such an errand" (239), a contrast to the initial idea presented of him. This is the beginning of what interested me so much, as the appearance of Goodman Brown was presented ambiguously and painted to be "good" by his interactions with Faith, who was described in a bit more detail.