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US foreign policy and the war on drugs: Displacing the cocaine and heroin industry.pdf
Federal controlled substance act of 1970
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Federal agencies, primarily the U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA), enforce federal controlled substances laws in all states and territories, but most drug crimes known to U.S. law enforcement are dealt with at the state level. The drug control initiative which includes interdiction, eradication, lab destruction and law enforcement efforts to disrupt trafficker organizations and distribution. The demand side of the illicit drug equation, supporting treatment programs for addicts and drug abuse prevention programs. Laws in every state and at the federal level prohibit the possession, manufacture, and sale of certain controlled substances -- including drugs like marijuana, methamphetamine, ecstasy, cocaine, and heroin. Law enforcement
Due to the serious consequences of the drug problem and its related crimes in the United States, law enforcement identified six goals to handle cases of such nature. The first goal is to reduce the gang violence associated with drug trafficking and prevent the emergence of powerful organized criminal groups. Organized group are the main distribution of drugs in the community. They sell drugs for many reasons. It’s fast money, help fund other criminal activities and difficult for law enforcement to build a case against them for it. The drugs problem brings other crimes into the community. With drugs comes violence, drug wars and death. It is the main cause of the degradation of the community. Therefore, confronting the root of the problem by
Drug courts were first established in Miami in 1989 and have continued to grow today. Over the past twenty-four years, drug courts have provided a treatment-orientated approach to help defendants with drug-related crimes. The constant interaction of the drug court provides the needed structure for participants to maintain their involvement in the program. Understanding the overall goals of the drug court and the outcomes of participants in the drug court program are the key factors in measuring the success of the drug courts.
What is Drug Court? According to Siegel (2013), drug courts are courts designed for non-violent offenders with substance abuse problems who require integrated sanctions and services such as mandatory drug testing, substance abuse treatment, supervised release, and parole. These courts are designed to help reduce housing nonviolent offenders with violent inmates. Drug courts work on a non-adversarial, coact approach.
The Drug Policy in the United States The Drug Policy in the United States is a very strict and well defined policy that, in this day and age, has very little room for change. Most people are well aware of the fact that there are a certain number of drugs that are illegal in the United States, but what many people do not realize is that every drug in the United States is considered and classified by the government. The Controlled Substance Act (CSA). is a new name for the Comprehensive Drug Abuse Prevention and Control. Act of 1970.
In 2013, the United States federal government budgeted $25.6 billion on domestic and international drug control. Of that amount, domestic law enforcement consumed the largest share, using $9.4 billion or 37.4 percent of the total. Incarceration operations, the most expensive part of domestic law enforcement, by itself cost $4.53 billion in 2013, or 17.7 percent of all drug control expenditures. The Bureau of Prisons spends $3.5 billion per year holding federal drug offenders in prisons, which is more than half of its total $6.9 billion budget. ,
The war on drugs and the violence that comes with it has always brought around a hot debate about drug legalization. The amount of violence that is associated with drugs is a result from harsher drug laws and prohibition.
The National Drug Control Strategy was issued two years ago to reduce drug use among teenagers and adults. The success of the President’s drug policy can be measured by its results. The student drug testing approach has reduced drug use and discouraged first time users significantly. Communities have been more actively involved in anti-drug programs for youth and adults. The increase in budget for law enforcement will enhance their effectiveness in detaining drug lords and cartels.
The drug problem in the U.S. and around the world is an important issue and seems to be a difficult problem to tackle across the board. The inflow of drugs has become one of the largest growths in transnational crime operations; illicit drug use in the United States makes it very difficult for nation states police and customs forces to get a handle on the issues. War on drugs, drug trafficking has long been an issue for the United States. There has been a proclamation of “war on drugs” for the past 44 years.
The current situation of drug control in the United States is imperfect and inadequate. Millions of men and women, both young and old, are affected by illicit drug use. It costs the United States about $6,123 every second because of drug use and its consequences (Office). Moreover, 90 percent of all adults with a substance use disorder started using under the age of 18 and half under the age of 15. Children who first smoke marijuana under the age of 14 are five times more likely to abuse drugs as adults than those who first use marijuana at age 18. Finally, the children of alcoholics are four times more likely to develop problems with alcohol (Prevent). Current legislation that has to do with the United States’ drug control policy is the Controlled Substances Act, which regulates the manufacture, importation, possession, use, and distribution of certain substances (Shannon). In 1966, Congress passed the Narcotic Addict Rehabilitation Act also known as the NARA. This legislati...
Have you ever wondered what it is like to be a law enforcement officer? Most people imagine driving fast and running after the “bad guys”. While this is one part of many law enforcement careers, there are many other things that law enforcement officers do in their daily duties. While law enforcement is an exciting career, officers must be able to face dangerous situations daily, be organized, have good writing skills and work well with high stress situations.
Drug trafficking is a serious issue that has existed for many years. Globalization has only helped to increase the illegal drug trafficking from one country to another. Globalization has also transformed the world economy by spreading ideas and technology across the borders which created new markets and expanded others (Jenner 901). The ease of transportation across the borders and the growth of global communication systems has help the expansion of the global illegal economy (Felbab-Brown 1). United States is the largest user of illegal drugs therefore it is important for our government to monitor and manage our borders in an attempt to stop drug trafficking into the United States. All
Scheduled by the DEA (Drug Enforcement Agency). A drug schedule under Federal law is determined “according to [its] effects, medical uses, and. potential for abuse” (Claim V). In this classification system, marijuana is a. Schedule I drugs, grouped with heroin, LSD, hashish, methaqualone, and designer. drugs.
The use of drugs alters physical and psychological functions and has been used by various cultures for medical, religious and social purposes. However, drug usage in America began when physician unknowingly started using the addictive sap from opium as morphine for medical purposes (Alder, et al., 2013, p. 342). Other drugs were also used and implemented into household products until the addictive nature of these chemical became a problem and there was a public outcry for the state and federal governments to restrict the uses of these products. While the laws helped reduce the addiction problem by regulating the use and sale of these products, it also led to drugs being sold and distributed on the black-market (Alder, et al., 2013, p. 343).
There are many illegal drugs ranging from stimulants including cocaine, drugs with mixed effects such as marijuana, or depressants that include Gamma Hydroxy Butyrate the (University of California, n. d). The particular consequences vary according to the drug. University of California (n. d) notes that most drugs have an addictive consequence after being used for only a few instances. Marijuana can become addictive, as well. Over four million U. S citizens are drug addicts. Addiction to drugs is a debilitating illness that can kill if an individual does not stop its use. Apart from death, drug abuse may interfere with academics, health, and relationships the (University of California, n. d).
Drug use comes in two primary usage forms known as instrumental and recreational use. Instrumental drug use is primarily the use of drugs that are prescribed by a physician or over the counter medicines (Levinthal, 2012). These drugs are directly attributed to relieve symptoms or treat an ailment that a person is suffering from. Instrumental drugs used frequently would include anything like Tylenol, Advil, Claritin, Lipitor or other drugs used daily for common illnesses. Recreational drug use can alter a person’s mental state and be in both a legal or illegal format (Levinthal, 2012). Legal recreational drugs can be found in the format of cigarette or alcohol. Alcohol can be used illegally however, depending on the amount that is ingested