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Karl Marx view on the effect of industrialization
Karl Marx view on the effect of industrialization
Labour surplus of Karl Marx
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In the opinion of Karl Marx, increasing the labour productivity is an increase of productive capacity or labour productivity, in general, we have understood that is a change of shortening the necessary social labour time to produce more values of use. Labour productivity increases is shown that Raw labour decreases; past labour increases, but what increases for total labour consumption in such commodity decreases; in other words, Raw labourdecreases more and past labour increases Increasing the labour productivity is the target of any company because increasing the labour productivity will make the company developing. Due to increase the labour productivity that quantiy of material product and service for society, revenue and profit increase. …show more content…
Lenin said: It is reasoned that, Labour Productivity is the most important, the most decisive for a victory of a new social order, capitalism won amd capitalism is certainly defeated because the socialism will create a higher labour productivity Meaning of labour productivity in enterprises Labour Productivity has a great meaning for a development of humankind society, which is a motive for promoting the development of social economy of all nations and as an important base on decisions in the macro and micro range The most general impact is the target of increasing the labour productivity at present is to complete the life quality of people in all over the world, central issue of labour productivity is to ensure a better society through an advanced technique aimed to use more efficiently with the resources and technology in available For the enterprises, Labour Productivity has more important meaning because it is one of general target reflecting efficiently on business production of enterprise and as a decisive element on the existence and development of enterprise …show more content…
Thanks to new mechanism along with the enterprises in support for a clear awareness of the importance of labour productivity, creating a condition for the enterprise to develop an active creativeness, attempt to find out all methods of striving to extend an operation of business and production activities, increase turnover, profit and business capacity in the market. All enterprises are aware of productivity, quality and decisive efficiency on their existence and development Increased level of labour productivity in Vietnam Enterprises has had a satisfactory increase, growth rate of some targets can be arranged in high classification in the world. So, considering the overall aspect, Labour Productivity level in Vietnamese Enterprises is still very low in comparision with the countries in region as well as in the world Cause of this real situation is due to low infrastructure, underdeveloped technology level, inadequate management level, labour staff has not been trained to satisfy the requirement of business and production With the reality of labour productivity as presently will be a great difficulty to the Enterprises which are able to stand firm and compeitive on the market with the foreign enterprises. So, improving the Labour Productivity in the enterprises especially in the State Enterprises
In Marx’s opinion, the cause of poverty has always been due to the struggle between social classes, with one class keeping its power by suppressing the other classes. He claims the opposing forces of the Industrial Age are the bourgeois and the proletarians. Marx describes the bourgeois as a middle class drunk on power. The bourgeois are the controllers of industrialization, the owners of the factories that abuse their workers and strip all human dignity away from them for pennies. Industry, Marx says, has made the proletariat working class only a tool for increasing the wealth of the bourgeoisie. Because the aim of the bourgeoisie is to increase their trade and wealth, it is necessary to exploit the worker to maximize profit. This, according to Marx, is why the labor of the proletariat continued to steadily increase while the wages of the proletariat continued to steadily decrease.
This paper is briefing of book called “Race against the Machine” written by Erik Brynjolfsson and Andrew McAfee. This paper focuses on the impact of technology on the current employment issues. Three explanations of current economic issues that is cyclical, stagnantion and “end of work” is provided (Brynjolfsson & McAfee, 2011). Then the idea of excessive progress in technology making man jobless is presented and to support it various arguments are put forward. Secondly the idea of technology development causing division of labor into high skilled, low skilled, capital, labor, superstars and ordinary labors is presented and explained in detail. Finally remedies for solving these issues are presented and explained. Major takeaways of this paper are mismatch between the productivity and job creation, interlink between Technology improvement and division of labor and importance of education in building stable skilled labors and in the developing a stable society. (Brynjolfsson & McAfee, 2011)
Efficiency – could be inefficient due to lack of competition or could be higher due to availability of high profits.
Schumacher claims that mass production through specialization of labor actually do more harm to the poverty-stricken countries. He argues that the specialization of labor was developed to benefit nations with small populations, whose growth was restricted by the shortage of labor, and is therefore incompatible with developing countries that generally have large populations. Specialization of labor in nations with large populations serve only to enslave the majority of the populus to the monotonous production of goods that is devoid of any spiritual purposes and restricts the workers’ creative potentials.
Much of Karl Marx’s Communist Manifesto discusses the relationship between how a capitalist society produces its’ goods and how this affects the social structure of the society. Throughout the manifesto, Marx used the term mode of production to refer to how a given society structures its’ economic production, it also refers to how a society produces and with what capital the society produces. Human capital plays a large part in Marx’s communist manifesto, concerning himself with the relations of production, which refers to the relationship between those who own the means of production (bourgeoisie) and those who do not own the fruit of their labor (proletariat). This is where Marx believes that one can find the causes of conflict, asserting history evolves through the mode of production. The constant evolution of the mode of production toward a realization of its’ full potential productivity capacity, creates dissensions between the classes of people, which in capitalism, are defined by the modes of production (owners and workers). Marx believes that one such dissension is that since Capitalism is a mode of production based on private ownership of the means of production, and entities within a capitalistic economy produce property to be exchanged to stay competitive, these entities are forced to drive the wage level for its’ labor as low as possible so as to stay competitive. In turn, the proletariat must create means with which they can keep the interests of the bourgeoisie in check, trying to avoid being exploited to the point of extirpation. Marx holds that this example shows the inherent conflicting nature of the social infrastructure of production, which will in turn give rise to a class struggle culminating in the overthrow ...
regarded as one of the most dramatically influential philosophers or philosophic writers of modern times. This book is a comprehensive and systematic theory of an economy. It shows the connections and relationships among variables. The Wealth of Nations also talks about the division of labor. Smith states that the division of labor starts the process of economic growth. One growth is started, accumulation keeps it going. There are three benefits of division of labor. First; increase in skill and dexterity. Second; save time in moving from job to job. And lastly, the invention of new machinery.
When reading the book The Goal written by Eliyahu Goldratt, there were many lessons that I learned in order to have a clear and concise understanding of a positive level of productivity in a company. To have a positive level of productivity there are may components that are taken into consideration. Understanding what it actually means to be productive and how to increase the level of productivity by knowing the actual goal of the company that is trying to be reached and the components that go into the process of being productive. There are many factors that contribute to the level of productivity and being able to identify these factors is the key ingredient to having a successful level of productivity.
The contribution of labor to the production process can be amplified. Whenever potential workers obtain schooling and training, and whenever actual workers acquire new skills, labor’s contribution to productive output will increase. In other words, it is human effort, mental or physical. The reward for labor is labeled wages. Capital: When labor is applied to land to grow wheat, for instance, something else is used.
Marx hoped to enlighten or raise the consciousness of the proletariat, by paving the way for a revolution that would be able to free it from the system that oppressed it. He thought only then, could the workers begin to bring about a classless communist society operated according to the principle “From each according to his ability, to each according to his need.” (188) For more than a century from Marx’s death in 1883 until the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991, communism was the dominant form of socialism. However it was never the only form, and whether these other forms of socialism will flourish like communism did remains to be unknown. However what we do know is that if socialism does have a future, it won’t be in the form of communism (218).
Karl Marx focused on Capitalism and the rise of social conflict as the basis of modernity. Marx felt that capitalism through industrialization had increased the productive capability of the economy. Nevertheless, he also felt that capitalism produced two opposing classes of people. The first class, who owned and controlled the means of production and hired laborers, were known as the Bourgeoisie. The second class, who were com...
Today work environment company are expecting very high demand from manager and workers that they over sea about job performance to keep than motivated to do they tasks. First the manager has to meet executive level manager’s goals and productivity to keep a companies success. The test book reading stated Organization is people working together to achieve a common goals, that goals also can evaluate the issues about the absenteeism in the workforce. Manager are govern by four functions to keep a business delay functions work first Planning setting performance, second Organization to process assigning tasks, third Leading to process a arousing environment by inspiring others, four controlling to process of measuring work performance.
For an increase in productivity a firm should focus on increasing its revenue and reducing its cost. This will lead to the longevity and success of a business. In the manufacturing industry, this means efficiency in internal processes. The knowledge and skills of people contributes to innovation and productivity improvement. Increasing pressures on the manufacturing sector stem from skills shortages and growing competition for talent. Well-connected people who are capable of collaborating and have access to peer knowledge can contribute to the success of a
Although it maximized efficiency and productivity but its main limitation was ignoring human aspects of employment. This is manifested in the following:
It is essential to recognize the problems that followed industrialization, but the long-term positive effects are more important because the revolution created massive production of goods, jobs for workers, and most importance is the reform of social class where workers’ lives gradually improved. The facts clearly shows that the reform of social class outweigh the low wages, harsh working and living conditions, short lifespan. The Industrial Revolution left the lasting impression of economic successes and social structure.
According to the National Bureau of Economic Research, “productivity is one of the most closely watched indicators of long-term economic prospects. Rising productivity is the key to making possible permanent increases in the standard of living.” (National Bureau of Economic Research, 2014). Why is it so important to look at productivity, and not just income, or profits, or quality of life? Productivity is crucial because it shows how much a worker can contribute in the workforce, and this influences nearly all other economic factors: high productivity means higher profits, higher income for workers, higher quality of life, better long-term job prospects, etc.