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Life cycle analysis bruce dawe
Four limitations of environmental impact assessment
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LCA is a robust tool which is employed for enhancing the environmental performance of certain processes, product or systems and in general it is employed for sustainability functions. In LCA paradigm, the analysis is performed for analysing the impacts of environment on certain product or service throughout the life cycle, with the goal of minimization in the environmental damage, in part by enriching the resources preservation and efficient utilization. A life cycle assessment is in general comprised of four steps: goal and scope definition, life-cycle inventory analysis, impact assessment and interpretation. Generally the utilization of energy and other resources as well as the environmental discharges of production materials and energy wastes are analysed …show more content…
The prime goal of LCA is to compare the full range of environmental effects transferable to products and provisions by quantifying all inputs and outputs of material flows and then performing assessment how these materials causes the impact on the ecology or environment. These kinds of critical information are considered for optimizing the processing efficiency, policies, and providing better foundation for informed decisions (Handrikson, (1998), Harms, (2008) and FlesKurtz, (2008)).. LCA also states for the notion that a sound and holistic assessment needs the assessment of the production of the raw-materials, manufacture, product distribution, implementation and disposal comprising all superseding haulage phases
Stasinopoulos, Peter, Paul Compston, Barry Newell, and Haley M. Jones. "A System Dynamics Approach in LCA to Account for Temporal Effects—a Consequential Energy LCI of Car Body-in-whites." The International Journal Of Life Cycle Assessment 17 (2012): 199-207. Springer Online Journals Complete. Web. 21 Apr. 2012. .
Defining the major sources of solid waste for KC begins by reviewing the solid waste produced in their manufacturing processes worldwide, since this contributes to the highest output of solid waste and environmental waste. The waste to landfill ratio for KC, still ranks high among EPA and other environmental standards, this is due to process manufacturing of paper products. This method has been in existence in the paper industry since the late 1870‘s, which required large amounts of electricity and water during process manufacturing. Through the year’s newer machines, new efficiency standards, and conservation programs began to be, implemented for KC and other manufacturers worldwide, due to growing environmental concerns, and global warming. However the high demand for forest products, pulp, recycled fibers, energy, and water could not be greater, therefore the process used to produce these products had to change because of the high volume of waste originally destine to landfills, which is now being diverted from the same landfills. Thanks to the efforts of consumers, EPA and hundreds of GRI and ISO standards now within the manufacturing industry.
The problem with pollution prevention is that it requires people to understand more than the intimate details of the production process; they must also understand the technical possibilities. Many corporations have environmental managers, which are generally responsible for helping corporations comply with the law. According to the case study, the work of environmental managers often expose them to many pollution prevention solutions, but they often have trouble getting access to production areas. Production often sees Environmental Managers as "the compliance police".
Analyse the relationship between the product life cycle and cash flow. The product life cycle is split into 5 stages. * Research and development * Introduction * Growth * Maturity / Saturation * Decline The product life cycle is the model that represents a sales pattern.
Though many individuals may not know of the Ishtar Gate or the Processional way, they are both undeniably important to Mesopotamian history and culture. The subject of this essay is rightfully titled ‘Panel with a striding lion,’ and belongs to the Metropolitan Museum of Art. This specific artifact depicts a lion striding along a blue background, and it is located along the Processional Way, which used to lead individuals out of the city of Babylon. As with any artifact, nearly every aspect of it can be examined and related to the culture it came from. Through examining this, there are two things that can be learned about Mesopotamian, specifically Babylonian, society.
The high standard of living that we enjoy here in the United States depends entirely on the availability of natural resources. These sources provide some with a luxury life and for other a means of just surviving. However with the attitude of the United States revolving around material items, this, unfortunately, has inevitably depleted our resources across the entire supply chain and generates a dangerous amount of environmental pollution. Also, the worldwide growing population and the need for more resource use is growing steadily. Although technology has helped us in many ways, it also has added significantly to these problems.
The waste management of a manufacturing company is one of the environmental matters that is mostly concerned by the society. The costs to manage the wastes from production could be very costly to a manufacturing company. Nevertheless, by using ABC system, a company can manage the production wastes in an effective and efficient manner. ABC system provides a road map to the cost reductions on waste management (Joseph & Thomas, 1995). It provides the activity-based information for the management to make better business decisions around sustainability and profit. An example would be Safety-Kleen corporation, a waste-recycling company who wanted to find an alternative to removing and recycle the hazardous wastes at a cost efficient way. It introduced ABC system into its organisation and successfully save costs in its waste management operation. The activity of transfer wastes from the collection points to the vehicles and to the disposal sites can be traced by the ABC system (Joseph & Thomas, 1995). In this way, ABC system helps to facilitate the cost measurement and provides management with accurate cost information of each activity involved in the process to make optimal decisions. Hence, with the utilisation of ABC system, it would help an organisation to have better cost control and management to support its sustainability interests on environmental
Environmental analysis is integral to understanding how the organization operates within the organization itself, within the industry and within the macroeconomic environment. For this analysis, the subject organization will be IKEA. “IKEA Group is one of the world’s largest privately owned companies, engaged in the retail of flat-packed home furniture and other house wares. Operating over 150 large-scale stores in over 30 countries, and with a mail order division, IKEA sells a range of furniture, which is made by over 2,000 suppliers in more than 55 countries. The company is headquartered in Helsingborg, Sweden”.
Environmental protection and preservation is a new pressure point that authorities and consumers are using to encourage manufacturers to adopt green production. In this case, as the operations manager of a large automobile company, the CEO has requested a meeting to discuss climate change and the implications for the enterprise. For the meeting to be fruitful, it is imperative that I prepare a briefing paper to address climate change and relate it to the company 's operations. Second, I need to furnish the CEO with possible alternatives in the fight against climate change. Therefore, the possible routes to green production, their ethical impacts, and the question of global warming and climate change from a manufacturing perspective are discussed.
Environmental impact assessment (EIA) entails a multifaceted appraisement of the possible aftermath caused by a project or action on the surrounding man-made and natural environment (Wood, 2003). This systematic process requires the involvement of all interested stakeholders in the process and the public, in order to achieve a widespread consent on the planned project and mitigation strategies proposed [European Commission (EC), 2014].
The scope of the sustainable development is conceptually divided into three parts: environmental, economic and social; each of these pillars must be on an equal stage, promoting a model of growth without exclusion (social), equitable (economic) and safeguard natural (environmental) resources (MIT Press Journals, 2017). Considering the words mention above, an interesting approach we could focus on is the way the industry uses the materials to develop projects.
The product I have chosen is Pepsi, which is a carbonated soft drink produced and manufactured by PepsiCo. It is one of the world's leading food and beverage companies with over billions of dollars in profit.
The manner by which the environment is being harmed is much different now than it was in the 1400's. Production byproducts rather than the actual production are the cause of current environmental degradation. However, economic analysis has proven that environmental protection is a normal good. A normal good or service in economic terms means that the demand for such items increases as income increases. As such, for the sake of the poor as well as the environment, policy makers with the aim of environmental protection should also consider their effects on the resulting, generally decreased level of production.
Today the consumerism plays an extremely important role in contemporary societies; consumerism has carried a part of the planet to the edge of Ecological, social and economic abyss, and every day becomes more evident. But naturally, it goes against a process that has become common in the daily life of people, The consumers need to advise about nature of the products, the value and the consequences of the consumption of certain products in the environment. One of the most creative ways to solve this problem is to minimize consumption of newly manufactured products, either by buying items with a longer shelf life or buying used items, new resources are not used in the manufacturing and industrial pollution and carbon dioxide will be lower. We can Recycling and reusing, also make reasonable use of natural resources, energy, and water, this contribute to the mitigation of climate impacts, will require manufacturers to use more sustainable technologies.
As per Sustainability report 2014 IKEA strives to use the least amount of resources directly from the nature but use resources that are recycled or renewed. This is also economic as well as has lesser impact on the environment. A good example of minimizing resource use is while making beds and tables its legs are made hollow and filled with wood saw so as to save wood. They also believe in minimizing waste internally and recycling all the materials that are in waste category. They emphasize on their suppliers and employees while they are on training and or agreement. IKEA has a code of conduct IWAY it which everyone around them has to deal with. It states that every product should have a life cycle that doesn 't harm the environment nor humans and at the end of its cycle it can be recycled rather than be a complete waste on the environment. The company’s internal environment is also an important factor that is responsible for making environment friendly decisions they have staffs at all levels of operations that are open to innovation and creativity, they train their employees according to the nature of their business and thus their system if filled with the motive to take decisions that are in the betterment of environment. IKEA promotes team work and makes them a unique form of culture which is essential for a decision making process making it more rational. Brzezinski, N. (2013, December