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Medieval warfare technology
Medieval warfare technology
Changes in warfare in the middle ages
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Between 1118 and 1119 a French knights, Hugues de Payens, suggested the idea of the Knights Templar to Baldwin II. The purpose of the Knights Templar was to protect Christian pilgrims traveling to the Holy Lands. Baldwin eventually agreed to the proposition and accepted their services. In the beginning the Templars only consisted of a total of nine French knights, which were ordered to take vows of poverty, chastity, and obedience before they were announced as an official member of the Templars. As time passed and new recruits were beginning to come into the order, many ranks were created in order for everybody to have a position in the Templars.
The Grandmaster was the highest rank within the Knights Templar. He was in control of the entire order, and once you became the Grandmaster the only way to get out was by dying. Below the Grandmaster were the Master and the Commander. Commanding the strongholds of the Templars was their job, with this responsibility they also had command over the entire battlefield. Seneschal’s were the assistant to the Master and Commander. They were in charge of managing all of the land that the Templars controlled. In charge of the Sergeants and their light calvary was the Turcopolier. In command of all the larger equipment of the Templars was the Marshal. He was considered a great military personal and usually consulted with higher ranks before going into battle. Under the Marshal was the Under-Marshal. He was in command of all of the smaller equipment and was also in charge of the piebald banner. The Confanonier was in command of all of the squires of the Templars. Knights were the main fighters on the battlefield. They were very skilled and highly trained. Under the Knights were the Sergeants they...
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- - - The New Penguin Atlas of Medieval History. London, England, Penguin Books, no publication
KNIGHT At age seven a son of a noble family was sent to a nobleman or lord, often who was a relative. Here he was a page and taught how to ride a horse, and his manners. At the age of fourteen he was apprenticed to a knight. As the squire to the knight he would take care of his horse, help him put the knights armor on and keep it clean. In turn he was taught how to use a bow, carve meat, and other knightly skills. The squire would have to go into battle with the knight to help him when he was wounded or unhorsed. If the squire was successful he would be knighted at the age of 21. When there wasn't a war going on knight would have to practice, practice, and practice some more. They would wrestle, fight with blunt swords, do acrobatics, and also do sports like javelin and putting which is throwing a heavy stone as far as you can.
The First Crusade was called in 1096 by Pope Urban II. The reasons for the First Crusade was to help obtain Jerusalem known as the holy land. During this time period the Muslims were occupying Jerusalem. First Crusade contained peasants and knights’ whose ethnicities consist of Franks, Latin’s, and Celts which were all from the western part of Europe. To get peasants and knights to join Pope Urban II objectives in return of a spiritual reward called “remission of all their sins” which was to be redeemed of any sins the individual has committed. When sins are redeemed Crusaders believed that they will escape the torment of hell. When lords and knights joined the crusade they were known as military elites. Crusaders were known as soldiers of Christ.
Knights associated in groups which they called orders. They vowed loyalty to the king they fought under and formed military org...
The Military Orders, including the Templars and Hospitallers, were created to protect pilgrims on the route to Jerusalem, but grew into ranks of professional soldiers with a great presence in the East, answerable to the Papacy. These orders “grew rapidly and acquired castles at strategic points in the kingdom and northern states. […] They were soon established in Europe as well, they became international organizations, virtually independent, sanctioned and constantly supported by the papacy” (Madden). The Pope possessed, for the first time, a dedicated military force in Europe. These two outcomes indicate the growth of the Church’s power as a result of the First Crusade, and support the proposition that the Papacy intended it as a way for advancing its political and economic position.
Lynch, Joseph H. The Medieval church: A Brief History. New York: Longman Group UK Limited, 1992.
A knight's’ duty is to be loyal to the king, and follow the social code, chivalry. The knight has also fought bravely in the king’s services. He fought for the king and for the christian Land. Knights were usually sent out by the king and the church to go and enforce Christianity in a new land. He was honored in bravery for all the battles he has participated in, Such as, Alexandria when it fell, in “Prussia where he was awarded the seat of honor above all knights.” . And every battle he has fought in he always “killed his foe” This was not frowned upon to the
In 1854, a medical practitioner of ambiguous credentials, George W. L. Bickley, founded the Knights of the Golden Circle. Headquartered in Cincinnati, Ohio, the Golden Circle was complete with passwords, quasi-Masonic rituals, secret signs and symbols. The Knights of the Golden Circle (later called the Order of the American Knights and, by February 1864, the Sons of Liberty) (Bruce Tap, Over Lincoln Shoulder, 73) quickly hatched lodges throughout Kentucky, Missouri, Iowa, Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio. To identify themselves, members wore the head of Liberty cut out from the old-style copper pennies. (Tap, 74) Affectionately, their enemies called them Copperheads, a reference to the venomous snake.
The Knights listed their principal aims as to bring within the folds of organization every department of productive industry, to secure to the toilers a proper share of the wealth that they create, to educate wo...
Mystery cults greatly influenced the development of Pythagoreanism as Pythagoreans adopted many of their traditions, behaviors and beliefs. Pythagoras, the founder of the Pythagoreans, established a school in which he developed and taught these adopted cultural behaviors and beliefs. "The nature of daily living in the school, both its moral and its intellectual disciplines, can perhaps best be understood as an intellectualized development from earlier mystery cults such as the Eleusinian" (Wheelwright 201). The Pythagoreans and the mystery cults were not identical, but they shared many similar beliefs on subjects such as the soul, transmigration and reincarnation, and they practiced many of the traditions of initiation, ritual and secrecy. Pythagoreans combined the mystery cults' views on these subjects with philosophical thought as a foundation to develop their own unique beliefs.
One link between the Legends of Arthur and the Catholic Church was Chivalry (the oaths of a knight). Arthur made all his knights take these oaths, which for the most part had to do with the teachings of the church. They were to remain loyal to the church and always obey its teachings and direction. A knight had a strong belief in Christ and other biblical figures. Some knight were even ordered to do a specific job for the church such as defend the church.
The Illuminati have been under the focus of conspiracy theorists for many years and they he been called the puppet masters who secretly pull the strings of the world’s events from elections to revolutions, and from business monopolies to stock market crashes. So what really is “The Illuminati”? It’s considered to be a secret society which has existed even before the Babylonian period as Cathy Burns says, "The signs, symbols, and inscriptions of Illuminati come to us from across long, drifting centuries and will be found in ancient Sumerian clay tablet libraries of the cities of Lir, Lagash, and others of the first true urban civilization. This occurred about 600 years before Egypt was civilized..."(40). However, it was formally established in 1775 under the name “Bavarian Illuminati” in Germany, by Adam Weishaupt to support women education and gender equality and to oppose the religious influence over public’s life. As this society’s views were deemed to be a threat to the government it was abolished in 1786 by the elector of Bavaria. It was revived again under another name and form all over Europe only to be dissolved again. Even though, it has been disbanded twice, it is believed that this group prevailed in the shadows and later formed a secret society with other motives and exists till date. These motives of this secret society are thought to be worshipping the devil, practicing strange rituals, witchcraft and alchemy and seeking to form a “New World Order” where it will be able to control all aspects of industry, society, healthcare, real estate, and finances. Although, a society with such far-fetched motives can be easily dismissed as fanciful rumors, but because of strange hand-signs and symbols, the numerous conspiracy the...
Between the 11th and 13th century the Crusades have been fought by many dauntless knights who wanted to protect the Holy Land. They encountered many problems, however they were driven with their goal in mind. They thought that "protecting the Holy L...
When people talk about the Illuminati, they are talking about the most secretive, powerful, wealthiest, influential, sneakiest, manipulated, greediest people on the earth. It was a group formed in Germany 1776 in order to rule the world with their wealth and power (“Illuminati” 1). Recently it has been on everyone’s mind, but why? It is being exposed more and more every day. They are trying to take over our nation. “The infamous Illuminati secret society has remained the focus of so-called ‘conspiracy theorists’ for hundreds of years. They have been called the puppet masters who secretly pull the strings of the world’s events from elections to revolutions, and from business monopolies to stock market crashes” (Dice 1). People are completely oblivious of the Illuminati or chose to not believe this is going on behind closed doors. However, there are some people who do believe and are aware of what they are capable of. The Illuminati is harmfully corrupting our nation through the government, specialty groups, and celebrities.
Ullmann, Walter. A Short History of the Papacy in the Middle Ages. 2nd ed. New York City, NY: Routledge, 2003.