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Describe the joint commission
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The Joint commission, Department of Health & Human Services DHHS, Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services CMS and The American Optometric Association AOA are responsible for a variety of duties ranging from, quality assurance to licensing and certification of hospitals and healthcare organizations.
The Joint commission, is a private agency with considerable power over healthcare institutions in that it performs certain responsibilities yet it is outside of the government. One of the Joint commission’s roles is monitoring quality in hospital services. This includes monitoring that standards are met in hospital laboratories. It is also responsible for auditing logs and confirming that instrumentation calibration is keep to standards. JCAHO is also well known for announcing their arrival for inspection in a few days to surprise inspections. In many cases this
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setoff the alarms to everyone by creation a scramble to make sure logs, policies and procedures are all documented and ready to show evidence of compliance. The Joint Commission covers almost all areas of the hospital and a wide variety of departments.
For this reason all involved must know what is expected as well as all the regulations expected for each area. The Joint commission has its roots from the American College of Surgeons (ACS). The ACS started the practice of inspecting hospitals and their practices in particular instrumentation. Since the early 1950’s the ACS spurred the creation of the Joint Commission. Similar to The Joint Commission the American Osteopathic Association has the authority to accredit healthcare institutions. The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services CMS is the authorizing body that deems the AOA as “deeming authority.” In the same way the Joint Commission is. A wide range of healthcare facilities are certified by AOA or JCAHO such as clinics, medical groups, surgical centers, outpatient centers among others. In the case of nursing homes they need to be certified by Department of Health & Human Services DHHS as well as the Joint Commission in order to be able to receive financial remittance form both Medicare and
Medicaid. The department of health and human services DHHS has created the guidelines each institution has to follow in order to meet patient safety by following set standards and checked by quality controls. These are considered “conditions of participation”, which are imposed as rules which must be followed. If all the conditions are met by the hospital or healthcare entity, then they can participate in Medicare or Medicaid billing and reimbursement. In Sum all of these agencies have an overall common goal. The improvement of patient care, patient safety, setting standards and conducting inspections as well as audits of the policies and procedures for the purpose confirming standards and rules are being met. Over all these agencies collaborate working together to cover hospitals, medical group clinics rehabilitation centers to name a few. AOA, DHHD, CMS and Joint Commission all control and watch over the adherence of the rules prescribed. The standards for qualifications are constantly changing with the improvement of processes, procedures and technology which are led by medical advancements and instrumentation improvement.
State and federal regulations, national accreditation standards, and clinical practice standards are created, and updated regularly. In addition, to these regulations, OIG publishes a compliance work plan annually that focuses on protecting the integrity of the program, and prevention of fraud and abuse. The Office of the Inspector General examines quality‐of‐care issues in nursing facilities, organizations, community‐based settings and occurrences in which the programs may have been billed for medically unnecessary services. The Office of the Inspector General’s work plan for the fiscal year 2011 highlights five areas of investigation for acute care hospitals. Reliability of hospital-reported quality measure data, hospital readmissions, hospital admissions with conditions
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All nursing home facilities have their own regulations that governs and controls the facility residents, providers, policies and procedures. In addition to their own regulations, nursing homes are regulated jointly by state (department of health for each state) and the federal government (U.S Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services CMS) (Rosenfeld, 2009). In order to ensure that nursing home facilities comply with regulations and policies, state and federal government send agencies to conduct surveys which are inspections that are done once or twice annually depending on the facility performance and the inspections are done
The standards of the Joint Commission are a foundation for an objective evaluation process the may help healthcare organizations measure, assess and improve performance. These standards are focused on organizational functions that are key for providing safe high quality care services. The Joint Commission’s standards set goal expectations of reasonable, achievable and surveyable performance of an organization. Only new standards that are relative to patient safety or care quality, have positive impact on healthcare outcomes, and can be accurately measured are added. Input from healthcare professionals, providers, experts, consumers and government agencies develop these standards.
The 1960s was a period well remembered for all the civil rights movements that occurred during that time frame and the impact these movements had on the social and political dynamics of the United States. The three largest movements that were striving in the 1960s were the African American civil rights movement, the New Left movement and the feminist movement. These three movements were in a lot of ways influenced by each other and were very similar in terms of their goals and strategies. However, within each of these movements there were divisions in the way they tried to approach the issues they were fighting against. Looking at each of these movements individually will reveal the relationship they all share as well as the changes that were brought forth as a result of each groups actions.
Professional integration and the type selected for many healthcare organizations will determine their success when they begin implementation of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA). Cuellara & Gertlerb (2006) list the five most common arrangements in use: Independent Physicians Associations (IPAs), Open Physician–Hospital Organizations (OPHOs), Closed Physician–Hospital Organizations (CPHOs), Management Service Organizations (MSOs), and Fully Integrated Organizations (FIOs). Each of these five types of professional integration has proven successful however there have been many failures, which ultimately led to a degraded access and quality of health care in those communities.
Between the period of 1820-1861 there was a number of political compromises done in order reduce the sectional tension between the North and the South. While each of the compromises created helped the issue that the country was facing at that time, they did not help overall. The compromises were only a temporary fix for the country’s problem of sectionalism. Therefore while political compromises were effective in reducing the tension between the North and the South it did not help in preventing the civil war.
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