John Locke Classical Conservatism

Classical liberalism is a political ideology that values the freedom of individuals including the freedom of religion, speech, press, assembly, and markets as well as limitation of government.

According to John Lock, the state of nature is a state of goodwill, mutual assistance and preservation which is a state that is not influenced by war but rather influenced by peace. John Locke’s state of nature is purposefully for a “pre-political rather than a pre-social condition”. Human beings do not allow oneself to enjoy the pleasure of another. Locke believes that the law of nature does not constitute only a natural instinct but it is also a moral law, which is based upon our human reason, to control the behavior of human beings in their natural

One of the basic of the law of nature is how all men are created equal and we hold equal natural rights. “And reason, which is that law, teaches all mankind, who will but consult it, that being all equal and independent, no one ought to harm another in his life, health, liberty, or possessions” ( Wootton, 287). All human beings are born to prove freedom perfection and an uncontrolled fulfillment to all their natural privileges and natural rights which are equally the same rights as other men by the laws of nature to preserve and own their property to life and also the power to defend themselves against other man that tries to harm them. This equality to life, liberty and possession is every human being born natural rights. This means that one human is morally equal to the other, and this is considered as social equality. According to Locke, in the state of nature, it was always the law of nature that controlled all men. And

Hume thinks that the governed never even thought of daring the power of the rulers and people in control in the first place and if they did they would not be able to do anything about it anyway. He thinks that all this time there has been a kind of sightless or blind obedience. In other words, Hume said that there was no responsiveness, implied or straightforward, agreement between the two parties, but admits that if there was one, that would constitute such a contact. Hume observes that while we may perceive two events that seem to occur in conjunction, there is no way for us to know the nature of their connection. “We shall only observe, before we conclude, that though an appeal to general opinion may justly, in speculative sciences of metaphysics, natural philosophy, yet in all questions with regard to morals, as well as criticism, there is really no other standard, by which any controversy can ever be decided” (Wootton, 362). Based on this observation, David Hume argues against the very ideas of causation, or cause and effect. We as human beings often assume that one thing causes another, but it is just as possible that one thing does not really cause the other. Hume claims that causation is a habit of union, a belief that is unproven and meaningless. He still notes that, when we repeatedly observe something that has already occurred