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Piaget's developmental stages
Two strengths and weaknesses of jean piaget theory
Jean piaget's theory - weaknesses and strengths
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When I first walked into my classroom at Pine Meadow Elementary, I was greeted by a group of curious faces staring back at me, all seated in a circle on the floor. I volunteered in a first grade classroom with the main teacher, Mrs. Stainbrook, along with three other adults. We had Mrs. Nelson, a paraprofessional for some of the students; Mrs. Voigt, a student teacher; and the occasional parent that liked to volunteer. So the children in that classroom never had a shortage of help and attention. Most days the children would start off with a math lesson that was followed by a time for snack, and then the kids would head to gym and music. The first thing I noticed as I walked in the classroom was how the desks were grouped together like pods, …show more content…
He created Piaget’s Theory of Intellectual Development that divided life into a series of stages where certain abilities develop. Similar to Erik Erikson, Jean Piaget was a stage theorist. As I mentioned earlier I volunteered in a first grade classroom, with ages ranging from 6-7 years old. Piaget classifies this age as being in the Preoperational Period. This stage mainly describes children as beginning to learn to think abstractly and expanding their vocabulary. Another skill usually acquired at this age is the habit of solving problems through imitation or by pretending. Mrs. Stainbrook took advantage of this newfound skill quite often whenever someone in the class brought up a situation they were experiencing. For example, one day during morning meeting, a boy named Xavier brought up that he was feeling left out during recess. Mrs. Stainbrook took this as an opportunity to let the children try and solve this problem on their own. She had the class split into groups and create some skits reenacting the situation at hand, and then we all discussed what some appropriate reactions could
According to Jean Piaget, a Swiss developmental psychologist, children build their cognitive world through a series of stages. The way he saw it, children understand the world and make sense of their experience by using schemas or a mental concept. In Paget’s view, two processes needed to happen in order to develop a schema: assimilation and accommodation (King 298). With assimilation we take in new information and apply them into our already existing knowledge. For example, my 4 year old niece believed that dogs weren’t animals. She was told they were dogs so every time I would see a dog and call it an animal she used to say “No! That’s a doggie.” On the other hand we have accommodation which is an adjustment of schemas that are changed because
A well-known psychologist, Jean Piaget is most famous for his work in child development. In his theory of cognitive development, Piaget presents four stages of mental development: sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, and formal operational. Piaget explains the adaptation processes that allow transition from one stage to the next. He also emphasizes the role of schemas as a basic unit of knowledge.
This theory is crafted by Jean Piaget (1896– 1980) and his work concentrated on seeing how kids see the world. Piaget trusted that from outset, we have the fundamental mental structure on which all ensuing information and learning are based and because of natural development and ecological experience, the mental procedures will have a dynamic rearrangement. Piaget's presumption was that kids are dynamic takes part in the advancement of information and they adjust to nature through currently looking to comprehend their condition. He proposed that cognitive advancement occurs in four phases, 0 to 2 years being the sensori motor, 2 years to 7 years the preoperational, 7 to 12 years the solid operations, and 12 years or more the formal operations.
To begin, my observation was at Webster Elementary School, a school placed in the city surrounded by houses and other schools. The specific classroom I am observing is full of Kindergarten students who seem to very advanced than I had imagined. The classroom walls are brick and white, but the classroom teacher Mrs. O'Brien does an amazing job keeping the space use for both an upbeat and educational vibe, especially for environmental print. Everywhere you look there are educational posters, numbers, and mental state vocabulary words, as well as, students completed work. To add, students sit in medium sized tables with 4-6 other students when they aren’t having whole group instruction on either
Piaget believed that children actively construct their understanding of the world in radically different ways from adults. He further believed that children's minds develop through a series of stages in which they form increasingly complex schemas that organize their past experiences and provide a framework for understanding future experiences.
Both Piaget and Vygotsky agreed that children's cognitive development took place in stages. (Jarvis, Chandler 2001 P.149). However they were distinguished by different styles of thinking. Piaget was the first t reveal that children reason and think differently at different periods in their lives. He believed that all children progress through four different and very distinct stages of cognitive development. This theory is known as Piaget’s Stage Theory because it deals with four stages of development, which are sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational and formal operational. (Ginsburg, Opper 1979 P. 26).
The classroom that I observed in was arranged in a simple way. In the dramatic play center there was a long coat rack and each hook was labeled with an image and name of the outfit. This was done so the children know where do place the clothing when they are done with it or cleaning up. Also in this center was a cash register, puppets, an oven, refrigerator, ironing board, sing, dishwasher, a table set and a comfy chair. Their block center was small, and sectioned off by a shelf and an arch way in the corner of the room. In this center there was also a table. I felt that they children would not have enough room to build although I did not measure the area. The art center had stamps, children’s art work, an easel, magazines and other essential art supplies. In the same area as the art center was the writing center. In this center was maps, chalk and chalk board, stencils, a ruler, notepads, loose paper and pencils.
“It is with children that we have the best chance of studying the development of logical knowledge, mathematical knowledge, physical knowledge, and so forth.” This is a famous quote by Jean Piaget. There were many influential researchers and psychologist who shaped the way people see psychology today. Developmental psychology is a big field, it describes the main milestones that make a person who they are. Historically it was very challenging to define every aspect of development, which led to controversy between psychologists. Jean Piaget is known as one of the leaders for cognitive theory and developmental psychology for all of his research and theories he contributed throughout his life.
“The influence of Piaget’s ideas in developmental psychology has been enormous. He changed how people viewed the child’s world and their methods of studying children. He was an inspiration to many who came after and took up his ideas. Piaget's ideas have generated a huge amount of research which has increased our understanding of cognitive development.” (McLeod 2009). Piaget purposed that we move through stages of cognitive development. He noticed that children showed different characteristics throughout their childhood development. The four stages of development are The Sensorimotor stage, The Preoperational Stage, The Concrete operational stage and The Formal operational stage.
In everyday life, it is possible to see the different stages of his theory at the ages thathe describes them as happening. For example, when I think about different children that I knowthat are in each of the four stages it is very easy to see how Piaget’s theory describes the way that each one of them think and behave. I think that Piaget was able describe the details of each stagewith the great accuracy that he did because as the textbook states, he developed the theory by watching his own children grow up and learn. I think by watching and studying his own children every day of their lives, Piaget was able to perfectly form the thoughts he had of how childrenlearn in different ways as they get
Jean Piaget is the founder of Cognitive development. He is Swiss and although he had no background in psychology, he made a tremendous impact on the field, particularly in the area of cognitive, developmental and educational psychology. There are other theorists who have built upon his work with theories like information processing, social cognition and socio cultural perspective. According to Arringtion (2008) the term cognitive development describes the way in which the individuals learn about and perceive themselves and their environment and educators apply it to the classroom because educators work with both adult and young learners to develop higher order thinking. Arrington (2008) states that among many of his contributions, Piaget posited theories on cognitive development that was stage-independent and stage-dependent. The main idea of this theory is that knowledge could be inborn, learned or developed through self regulated process (Ibid, 2008).
Piaget was one of the first child psychologists who worked one-on-one with children instead of with a group study. During the one-on-one time he spent with the children, Piaget noticed that at different ages, specifically as they got older, children were able to learn more and understand more complex concepts. This is when he came up with his four stages of cognitive development. He said that we, even as adults, attain intelligence at different levels. He referred to this as hierarchical fashion and said that learning is adaptation (assimilation and association) with structure. What we learn is either combined with previously learned material or that we adjust to the new material (Woolfolk, 2001).
The class I visited is comprised of 24 five and six year old children, a lead teacher and a ‘Para-Pro” who assists the teacher and provides support and guidance for the children. Within the classroom itself, there are 6 tables organized in the center of the room in a grid formation. Children have their own workspace at a shared table. Around the perimeter of the room are ‘centers’ where each day, the children work on tasks such as listening, story development, gross and fine motor skills, math, reading and other important skills that are needed to develop socially and academically. In several places on the walls, there are displays or ‘brag boards’ where children can post their work that they feel best represents their efforts. The walls are brightly decorated and are filled with pictures, letters, numbers and other basic elementary school information. It is energizing and interesting without being chaotic or overstimulating.
According to Swiss psychologist, Jean Piaget, everyone develops in a set series of stages. He believed that the driving force for our development was based on our biology along with our environmental experiences. At some point everyone has to witness these changes in their cognitive development in order to function properly as an adult. The four stages to Piaget's theory are, in order of their occurance: Sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, and formal operational.
He developed his own laboratory and spent years recording children’s intellectual growth. Jean wanted to find out how children develop through various stages of thinking. This led to the development of Piaget four important stages of cognitive development: sensorimotor stage (birth to age two), preoperational stage (age two to seven), concrete-operational stage (ages seven to twelve), and formal-operational stage (ages eleven to twelve, and thereafter).