The term Jacobite comes from the Latin word for James, Jacobus, forming the word Jacobite a supporter of King James VII (of Scotland) and II (of England). King James VII and II ruled Scotland and the rest of Britain in a period of 4 years from 1685 to 1689. Due to James’ catholic religion he was replaced on the throne by his daughter Mary and her husband William of Orange. The Jacobite’s formed three main uprisings in this period of time, the Bonnie Dundee rising, the fifteen and the 45. After looking at the idea of Jacobitism during the period of 1689-1746 these three key events can be seen to be significant but there are many other factors to consider looking whether or not the Jacobite spirit kept on.
One of the key factors of the persistent
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In 1688 William led an invasion of England, which was successful. James then turned to his most passionate supporter in Scotland, John Graham of Claverhouse, 1st Viscount of Dundee to try and win himself back into the favour of the Scottish people. Viscount Dundee came up with a military option and the first Jacobite rising was born. ‘Bonnie Dundee’ as Graham became known rallied forces in the central highlands to attack General Hugh Mackay, sent by William, at the Battle of Killiecrankie. Although the Scottish forces were victorious, their leader was killed, leaving the forces without a leader causing the rising to dwindle away. William‘s reign over Scotland was one that did come with its resentments. Firstly William never visited Scotland during his time on the thrown, which in turn caused the Jacobite’s to have resentment toward him. Economic disaster was another characteristic of his reign that encouraged Jacobitism. The most important of these economic disasters was the Darian Scheme. The idea of the Darian Scheme was brought to the fore front by William Paterson. The Darian Scheme would set up a trading colony in Panama that would help to boost the Scottish economy. This
The Scottish were not pleased with Edward’s decision to leave them without a ruler. William Wallace, a Scottish citizen, stepped up to rally the Scottish against the English. The English realized that the Scottish were growing stronger and brought an army to Scotland. INSERT DATEWallace gathered troops and took them to war against the English at the Battle of Stirling bridge. The Scottish won against a larger English army.
There was a short time where all was calm right after the civil war. king charles the second and his father were both dead so Charles brother took over. this is king James the secondf and he was a Catholic sao he appointed many high positions in the government. Most of his sibjects were protestant and did not like the idea of Catholicism being the religion theyd have to abide by. like his father and brother king james the second ignored the peoples wishes and ruled without Parliament and relied on royal power. an English Protestant leader wanted to take the power away from james and give it to his daughter Mary and Her husband William from the Netherlands. William saled out to the south of england with his troops but sent them away soon after they landed
During the Stuarts, the only people who had the liquid cash to pay for the needs of the modern government were primarily the middle-class and gentry, which were represented by the parliament. The “awkward, hand-to-mouth expedients” (38) of the Stuarts agitated by the differences in expectations of governance, brought them into conflict with their primary tax base. The impatience of the eventual rebels was exacerbated by their Stuart’s disregard for the traditional balance between the crown and the parliament, as they were Scottish royals who had only dealt with a very weak
Was the Terror of 1793/4 inherent from the revolutions outset or was it the product of exceptional circumstance?
The Loyalist party has existed since the founding of the British colonies. As the colonies grew into strong political and economic entities the attachment to England intensified. The only way to build wealth and political power in the beginning was to support the Crown so they would be granted economical favors or political postings. “Historians have investigated the backgrounds of known Tories and have revealed that persons who favored the cause of the king were commonly officeholders and frequently Church of England clergymen” (Patriots and Loyalists, 283). The Loyalist did not understand the Patriots desire for independence, because the loss of money and the threat of war was an invitation to ruin. The Loyalist viewed the actions of the British government and the use of military force as justified in order to quell the uprising that interfered with the building of wealth and power. “Can there be a zealot for prolonging these unnat...
James's plan to create a perfect union was not to be successful for numerous reasons. This essay will discuss the opposing views held by the Scottish and English parliaments and the objections from the church. It will consider the ongoing hostile attitude held by both nations the economic concerns that arose with the prospect of unification. In addition to these, there was a concern surrounding the issue of one Monarch ruling several kingdoms in a situation of multi-governance. It will suggest therefore, despite the attempts of James VI & I to create a perfect union, there were numerous factors that contributed to his failure.
With movements such as Nat Turner’s rebellion in Virginia in 1831, Southern whites felt strongly pressured to defend slavery. Many attempted to justify their actions and state that slavery was good for society; “a positive good rather than a necessary evil”. Southern whites had the idea of Paternalism meaning it was their duty to protect and take care of their slaves and they were considered family. However, slaves such as Harriet Jacobs and Solomon Northup thought differently. Harriet Jacobs was treated more as property than a family member and thousands of slaves such as Northup were punished harshly for miniscule reasons.
During the election of 1800, Thomas Jefferson succeeded in defeating the incumbent, John Adams, and assumed the presidency. In terms of elections though, the election of 1800 itself was a fascinating election in that it a heavily-contested election and was effectively the first time political parties ran smear campaigns against each other during an election. The Republican Party attacked the Federalists for being anti-liberty and monarchist and tried to persuade the public that the Federalists were abusing their power through acts such as the Alien & Sedition Acts and the suppression of the Whiskey Rebellion (Tindall and Shi 315). The Federalists, on the other hand, attacked Jefferson for his atheism and support of the French Revolution and warned that his election would result in chaos (316). By the end of the presidential election, neither Adams nor Jefferson emerged with his reputation completely intact. Still, rather than an election between Adams and Jefferson, the election of 1800 ultimately boiled down to a deadlock between Jefferson and his vice presidential candidate, Aaron Burr, who each held seventy-three electoral votes, resulting in the election was sent to the House of Representatives. In the end, the deadlock was resolved only by Alexander Hamilton, whose immense hate for Burr allowed Jefferson to claim the presidency. However, the election of 1800 was more than just a simple presidential election. The election of 1800 was the first peaceful transfer of power from the incumbent party to the opposition and represented a new step in politics, as well as a new direction in foreign policy that would emerge from Jefferson’s policies, and to this extent, the election of 1800 was a revolution.
Harriet Jacobs once said, “Slavery is terrible for men; but it is far more terrible for women”. Men faced many hardships during slavery. They were beaten severely, starved, worked to the point where they couldn’t anymore and many more sufferings. On the other hand women also faced these similar hardships, but had to suffer even more. They would have to watch their children being taken away from them and sometimes never see them again. Women had to also deal with their Master trying to sexually harass them. Thus, slavery was indeed more terrible for women due to the facts that they would have to face with many more hardships than men did.
The aim of this essay is to examine Harriet Jacob’s struggle to live up to the values encouraged by the Cult of Domesticity. This essay will advance the premise that this ideology of true womanhood fails to apply to nineteenth-century antebellum slave women of America, and was an impossible standard for them to attain due to the burden of slavery. It will do so through a threefold perspective: sexual purity, marriage, and motherhood. Loss and pain endured by the black antebellum family. By exploring these texts that record Jacob’s journey as a wife and daughter, it finds that the slave woman found America’s template for true womanhood as inadequate to express the realities of her
In late 1600’s, England was in turmoil from events as King Phillip’s War to the Bacon Rebellion. All this chaos caused disorder all throughout England but it reached its height in the 1680’s when King James's policies of religious tolerance was met with an increasing opposition. People were troubled by the king's religion and devotion to Catholicism and his close ties with France and how he was trying to impose Catholicism on everyone, preventing them from worshiping anything else. This made the Protestant unhappy. It was seen that the crisis came to its peak with the birth of the king's son, James Francis Edward Stuart in 1688. In 1688, the struggle for domination of English government between Parliament and the crown reached its peak in the Glorious Revolution. This bloodless revolution occurred in which the English people decided that it’s enough that they tolerated King James and his extreme religious tolerance
An Analysis of the Absolute Monarchy of France in the 17th Century This historical study will define the absolute monarchy as it was defied through the French government in the 17th century. The term ‘absolute” is defined I the monarchy through the absolute control over the people through the king and the royal family. All matters of civic, financial, and political governance was controlled through the king’s sole power as the monarchical ruler of the French people. In France, Louis XIII is an important example of the absolute monarchy, which controlled all facts of military and economic power through a single ruler. Udder Louis XIII’s reign, the consolidation of power away from the Edicts of Nantes to dominant local politics and sovereignty
The period leading up to the Civil War was a period of great change. In 1603, James I was crowned king and this was the first time that England, Scotland and Ireland all had the same monarch. These were very different countries in terms of their main religion. In the past, these religious divisions had resulted in the Gunpowder Plot (1605). In addition, there were many tensions between Parliament and Charles’ predecessor king James I. During James I’s reign, the king suspended Parliament for 10 years between 1611 and 1621. This did not leave a good state of affairs for his son Charles I to inherit when he was crowned king in 1625.
Despite the oppressive nature of the Protestant Ascendancy, no rebellion took place in Ireland for more than a century after Williamite War. Ireland was in absolute tranquil mainly because Irish Catholic simply do not have the will to rebel against their protestant overlord again. The bloody defeat of the Jacobites, pro-James III Irish-Catholic dissenter, in Williamite War took a heavy toll on Ireland Catholic population both morally and economically.
One of the most well known revolutions in history was the French Revolution which took place between 1789-1799. It was a time when the French people rebelled against the monarchy which in their eyes was misusing it power. Revolutions are common throughout the world 's history. When people believe that their leaders are misusing their power, the people, will turn against them. There are many things that can cause a Revolution. But the three main causes of the French Revolution were over taxation of the poor, the unpopularity of the Monarchs Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette, and the new ideas brought on by the enlightenment.