Investigation: How does the concentration of acid affect the rate of reaction?
The aim of this investigation is to test how concentration affects the rate of reaction.
My prediction for my investigation is that the higher the concentration, the faster the reaction will be.
My reason behind my prediction is:
· The higher the concentration, the more particles there are which will collide with enough energy to overcome activation energy, which is explained as the collision theory.
Collision theory explains how chemical reactions occur and why rates of reaction differ. For a reaction to occur, particles must collide.
If the collision causes a chemical change it is referred to as a fruitful collision. For a reaction to occur, the reactant particles must collide. Only a certain fraction of the total collisions cause chemical change; these are called successful collisions. The successful collisions have activation energy at the moment of impact to break existing bonds and form new bonds, resulting in the products of the reaction. Increasing the concentration of the reactants and raising the temperature bring about more collisions and therefore more successful collisions, increasing the rate of reaction.
When a catalyst undergoes collision with the reactant molecules, less energy is required for the chemical change to take place, and hence more collisions have sufficient energy for reaction to occur, therefore the reaction rate increases.
The four factors that influence the rate of reaction and therefore the experiment are:
1. The temperature. This is because; if the concentration is warmer, then the reaction rate may increase or decrease depending on temperature. 2. The Catalyst. This is because; if the catalyst is of a larger volume or size than the concentration then it may have an affect on the concentration and experiment that will differentiate results.
3. The concentration. This is a variable that will be used because we are trying to find if the concentration will affect the rate of reaction. 4. The surface area. This is because; if the surface areas of the calcium carbonate pieces are different then it will affect the results also because it will give off more gas, the greater the surface area.
To achieve the most accurate of results possible I will use all sufficient equipment and data.
For my prediction, that the higher the concentration, the faster the reaction rate, I will use pre-test results to help with my evaluation before I start my investigation.
Before I started my investigation, I did a pre-test experiment that helped me to reach my prediction.
HealthSouth is one of the nation’s largest healthcare providers specializing in rehabilitation. HealthSouth was founded by Richard M. Scrushy in 1984 and went public in 1986. Scrushy served as its Chairman of the Board from 1994 to 2002. The company was incorporated in January 1984 as Amcare Inc. before its name was changed to HealthSouth Rehabilitation Corporation in May 1985. In January of 2003, Mr. Scrushy reassumed the position of CEO.
Standing for consumer value stores, CVS has now become the largest healthcare provider with more than 9,600 stores throughout forty-nine states, Brazil, the District of Columbia and Puerto Rico. Within the past ten years, their acquisitions with Omnicare, Eckerd Stores, MinuteClinic, and Target have led to the growth
Rate of Reaction Between Marble Chips and Hydrochloric Acid. The aim of this experiment is to find out how different variables affect the rate at which the reaction between Marble chips (CaCO ) and Hydrochloric acid (HCl) is used. There are many variables that affect the rate of this reaction such as the following. 1.
Centura Health is a hospital system located throughout Colorado and western Kansas. This organization consists of hospitals, emergency and urgent care facilities, home and long-term care facilities, Flight For Life, primary care offices, and surgery centers. The competitors are HealthOne, University of Colorado Hospital, and Exempla. The healthcare system overall is creating changes by understanding the needs and wants of the community, the competition, and becoming compliant with the new laws and regulations. This allows the healthcare system to identify market needs to create and implement ideation plans for healthcare organizations.
On August 6th, 1945, the United States of America dropped the world’s first atomic bomb on the city of Hiroshima in Japan. Two days later, a second bomb was dropped on the city of Nagasaki. These two bombs were the most devastating weapons ever seen, and their effects on human beings and property were plainly horrifying. Approximately 110,000 people were killed; most of them were innocent civilians who just happened to have lived in the wrong place at the wrong time. Although using this weapon was an atrocity to both the Japanese, and humanity in general, the world was at war. No matter what ulterior motives may have existed, the fact remains that the bomb was a justifiably necessary measure to bring an early end to aggressive war that was instigated by Japan. Japan would never have surrendered unconditionally, as decreed in the Potsdam Ultimatum. Invasion of the Japanese home islands were out of the question because of the ferocious defense that would have been staged, and the huge number of casualties that it would entail. The bomb shocked the Japanese militarists into surrender and gave the “peace-party” the added credibility they required to bring about a quick end to the war. The use of the bomb also kept Russia out of the war, preventing problems that had occurred in post-war Germany, and later on in Korea. When all factors are taken into consideration, the use of the atomic bomb actually saved more lives, both Japanese and American than it took.
By the early summer of 1945, Japan was defeated. However, they were still trying to find a way to fight back and end the war because the allied forces wouldn’t stop attacking them. An unanimous amount of soldiers of the American military agreed that Japan was already defeated. This means that the president of that time, President Truman, must have known about Japan’s defeat by the early summer of 1945. Why would the Presid...
In conclusion, ever since the atomic bombs were dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki, it has been a major controversial argument amongst many people throughout the world. The United States was the first and only country in the world to use this type of weapon during a war Using the bomb was a major turning point in the war and it changed the world forever. Many Japanese were killed and the two cities were greatly destroyed. Besides the negative effects, the positive effects were that American and Japanese lost less people than they would have with a land invasion and the war ended quickly with Japan’s surrender as planned. The United States was justified in taking this action because the goals of the bomb were accomplished although the aftermath was dreadful.
They planned to invade Kyusha in the South on November 1st, and Tokyo and the Kanto area in Honshu in March of 1946. There was a long road ahead of them so the sooner the war ended, the better. But this was no excuse for the U.S. to kill millions of people.3 “In Japan, as might be expected, popular memory of the atomic bombs tend to begin where the American narratives leave off…Rubble everywhere. A silent, shattered cityscape. In this regard, the heroic narrative differs little from a Hollywood script”.4
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The dropping of atomic bombs in both Hiroshima and Nagasaki risked close to 500,000 innocent civilian lives, all to make an unnecessary final blow to Japan who was already on its knees. At this time, Japan was looking for the easiest way to surrender to the United States in the easiest way. The atomic bomb should not have been used and even the creators of the bomb agreed as they hid the secret of the bomb from the United States people in attempt to prevent the bombs from ever being used (Did the U.S. 1). The United States should have realized that a weapon of mass destruction, like the atomic bomb, was too powerful when the people who built it in the first place discouraged its use. Also, only limited warning was given to Japan. The United States did not provide warning of a bomb, only a warning for Japan to accept unconditional surrender or risk “prompt and utter destruction.” In the first and also the only warning given to Japan, not once was the bomb ever...
American citizens need to understand that the Bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki were an act of retaliation from Americans and an attempt to end war. The Japanese bombed Pearl Harbor, which caused the United States to fire back. This event has marked a huge spot in the history of our country.
While measuring the effect of the use of a catalyst and temperature on the reaction rate, several factors must be kept constant. During the reaction with a catalyst, the temperature will be kept constant (at room temperature), concentration, pressure and since the reaction involves liquids, the surface area will be kept constant at all times, however they must be mixed the same.
Firstly, we need to keep the chemical at a constant concentration. So, in this experiment we have chosen to keep hydrochloric acid at a constant concentration (5cm3). We could have, however, used Sodium Thiosulphate as a constant, but we had chosen to use Hydrochloric acid. Next, we must make sure that the solution is kept at a constant volume throughout the experiment. If the volume is different, then it could give different results if it was at a constant volume.
The economy can be clearly identified as the most beneficial aspect of tourism. “According to recent statistics, tourism provides about 10% of the world’s income and employs almost one tenth of the world’s workforce” (Mirbabayev, 2007). In Australia alone, Tourism contributed $87.3 billion in 2012, and employed 908,434 (7.9%) people (Kookana & Duc Pham, 2013). Tourism is “one of the most profitable and rapidly developing industries in the world” (Popushoi, 2004). Every year the number of tourists increase dramatically and consequently the revenues from tourism will increase substantially.
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