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Impact of computers in society today
The impact of computers in today's society
The impact of computers in today's society
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In the 1940’s, computers took up entire buildings, but now computers in cell phones are much more powerful, efficient, and smaller than the machines in the 1940’s. This evolution of the computer and other electronics can be attributed to the invention of the integrated circuit. These are also commonly referred to as “microchips” and have been refined since they were invented to become smaller and more powerful. Integrated circuits are one of the greatest inventions of last century due to its profound influence on technology through the miniaturization and optimization of electronics.
To understand the monumental influence integrated circuits have in technology, one must understand what kind of technology society had before. Many computers in the 1950’s used something called vacuum tubes. These tubes were used in controlling electrical signals but were big (about the size of a cell phone), sometimes unreliable, and used a fair amount of power. Next came transistors (about the size of a coin), which greatly reduced the size of electronics because they were able to fit on circuit boards which made computers more readily available but these circuit boards still had to be assembled manually. The creation of integrated circuits was a vast improvement over other circuit boards and these small chips led to giant leaps in technology.
One of the most important reasons why integrated circuits are so vital to technology is the process by which they are made. Integrated circuits are usually printed on pure silicon wafers. These wafers are made by “growing” silicon dioxide on a wafer. The chips are then layered and doped. Doping is used to change the conductivity of the silicon by implanting ions. These chips consist of many la...
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... accessed easier than ever before. In fact, there has been countless ways that integrated circuits have in some way, shape, or form helped to improve life in our world. Everyone who lives on the Earth today, whether they realize it or not, has been impacted by these chips. Who knew something so small could leave such a large impact on technology and our lives.
Works Cited
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"How Chips are Made." Intel. 7 Oct. 2007 .
"Integrated Circuit." Wikipedia. 7 Oct. 2007. 7 Oct. 2007 .
"Transistor." Wikipedia. 7 Oct. 2007. 7 Oct. 2007 .
"Vacuum Tube." Wikipedia. 5 Oct. 2007. 7 Oct. 2007 .
Let’s check the things around us right now, lights, circuit, smart phones, calculators, and the Mac Air I’m using right now. All these things contain circuits and chips, which have millions of transistors. All these transistors need semiconductor, which is made of silicon. (CUB “Silicon”) Silicon is one of the most important elements in modern world. It supports the modern electric power and information exchange system. Silicon is #14 in the periodic table, is the second most abundant elements on earth, “It makes up about 28% of the earth crust and Oxygen, the most abundant elements, makes up about 47%.”(CUB “Silicon”) Together they are silicon dioxide, quartz and sand, which is really common. Chemists have found some kind of new elements in Quartz many times but they never realize that until 1824 a Swedish chemist, Jöns Jakob Berzelius, purified it and named it. People at that time debated about if silicon is a metal or nonmetal. “Berzelius believed it was a metal, while Humphry Davy thought it was a nonmetal. The problem was that the new element was a better conductor of electricity than nonmetals...
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In 1970, Intel got into the microprocessor business with Busicom, a Jap firm, as collaborators. During late 70s, Apple collaborated with Motorola for microprocessor purchases against Intel who had sim...
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When considering contributions to the technology field, Apple is one of the first companies that comes to mind. The innovation and vision of Apple computers has allowed the company to be on the forefront of technological change. Even after almost 40 years of business, Apple has managed to not only be relevant in the field of technology, but dominate it. Apple led the way of making computers more easily-accessible to the average person by creating a basic, yet efficient design. In fact, part of Steve Jobs’ methodology was to create simple and easy to use computers for everyday use. Needless to say, Jobs and his team at Apple were successful in transitioning computing from highly technical use to everyday
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In the past few decades, one field of engineering in particular has stood out in terms of development and commercialisation; and that is electronics and computation. In 1965, when Moore’s Law was first established (Gordon E. Moore, 1965: "Cramming more components onto integrated circuits"), it was stated that the number of transistors (an electronic component according to which the processing and memory capabilities of a microchip is measured) would double every 2 years. This prediction held true even when man ushered in the new millennium. We have gone from computers that could perform one calculation in one second to a super-computer (the one at Oak Ridge National Lab) that can perform 1 quadrillion (1015) mathematical calculations per second. Thus, it is only obvious that this field would also have s...
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computer now has transistors the size of eleven atoms. Because of such minuscule scales that