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The role of african american women in the civil rights movement
Domestic Violence + Gender Inequality
Domestic Violence + Gender Inequality
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Violence: injuries that are the leading cause of death and disability for people aged 1 to 34 years in the United States. Violence is the threatened or actual use of physical force or power against another person, against oneself, or against a group or community, that either results in injury, death, or deprivation. Violence has become a national epidemic and a major public health issue. In a 1998 study by the University of Pennsylvania's Annenberg School for Communication, 64.8% of the 405 African Americans surveyed viewed domestic violence as one of the most serious issues facing their community. Approximately one in three African American women are abused by a husband or partner in the course of a lifetime. Of the women who die from domestic violence, 28% are African American. Many people agree that African Americans are one of the most violent races in America. But this is a racial stereotype; constructed beliefs that all members of the same race share given circumstances. Despite the perception that African Americans are prone to violence, those who took part in the Civil Rights Movement earned their equality through non- violent means. On 1906 the New York Zoological Park featured an exhibit with an African American man and a chimpanzee. Years later, the Ringling Brothers Circus exhibited “the monkey man” which of course was a black man as well. Scientific studies were conducted to establish the proper place of the African- American in society. Scientists conducted tests and measurements and concluded that blacks were savages for the following reasons: abnormal length of the arm, the weight of the brain, a short flat snub nose, thick protruding lips, exceedingly thick cranium, and thick epidermis. Besides the fact that sci... ... middle of paper ... ... are on the streets, they are planning a crime or looking to "gang-bang." The majority of people are aware that every teenager who is seeking independence feels a strong sense of adult ambivalence. Therefore, many of these teens see any intervention by the police as harassment and excessive. The reality is that these young men have been forced to "raise" themselves as many have no fathers and their mother forced to work two minimum wage jobs just to feed and provide clothing for them. Without appropriate role models, they seek the advice and support of friends. This may lead them to participate in risk taking behavior but often just places them in "the wrong place at the wrong time." Many of these young men also carry weapons because their inner-city neighborhoods are full with gangs and drug dealers. And “it’s better to become a member than to get shot by one”.
Relatively high rates of violence have been reported over the years among members of certain ethnic and racial groups and urban inhabitants. African Americans and Native Americans have comparatively high rates of assaultive interpersonal violence and homicide. Big cities continue to experience high rates of violence, focussed mainly among young black males in the United States.
Domestic violence is an act of crime which occurs in domestic household units. It is also known as as spousal abuse or family violence. Domestic violence is not only related to physical abuse but also emotional, sexual, financial, mental and verbal threats. According to ( Human Right Watch, 1995) cited from Macionis, John J., 2008. Domestic violence is defined as bodily harm, usually accompanied by verbal threats and harassment, emotional abuse or the destruction of property as means of coercion, control, revenge, or punishment on a person with whom the abuser is in intimate relationship. Besides that, according to an article by Women’s Aid, the government defines violence as any incident of threatening behavior, violence or abuse (psychological, physical, sexual, financial or emotional) between adults who are or have been intimate partners or family members, regardless of gender or sexuality. Domestic violence can happen and may happen to any individual despite their gender, social class or status, life style, age, family background, race, ethnicity or place of living. Any individual can be a victim of domestic violence. Based on an article titled Physical Violence against Women the World Health Organization reported that 40 to 70 percent of women were murdered in the United States, Canada, Australia and Israel by their husbands or male partners.
Relationship violence, also known as domestic violence, occurs when one person in the relationship uses violence to control, instill fear, intimidate, and hurt the other person. This type of violence is a serious problem. It happens to individuals of all ethnic and socioeconomic backgrounds. It occurs in heterosexual relationships, as well as same-sex relationships. It can occur while the individuals are still involved, during a break-up, or when the relationship has come to an end. Most people who hear that there is violent, abusive behavior in a relationship think it is the man that is committing this type of behavior, but it can be committed by either the man or woman. According to U.S. Department of Justice, Bureau of Justice Statistics, 85% of women experienced some type of violence in their relationship, while 15% of men stated they have (U.S. Department of Justice, Bureau of Justice Statistics, 2013).
Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) is historically referred to as domestic violence. It describes a pattern of coercive and assaultive behavior that may include psychological abuse, progressive isolation, sexual assault, physical injury, stalking, intimidation, deprivation, and reproductive coercion among partners (The Family Violence Prevention Fund (FVPF), 1999). IPV leads to lifelong consequences such as lasting physical impairment, emotional trauma, chronic health problems, and even death. It is an issue effecting individuals in every community, regardless of age, economic status, race, religion, nationality or educational background. Eighty-five percent of domestic violence victims are women (Bureau of Justice Statistics, 2003). More than one in three women in the United States have experienced rape, physical violence, or stalking by an intimate partner in their lifetime (The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, 2012). Thirty to sixty percent of perpetrators tend to also abuse children in the household (Edelson, 1999). Witnessing violence between parents or caretakers is considered the strongest risk factor of transmitting violent behavior from one generation to the next (Break the Cycle, 2006).
The United States Department of Justice reports that women are more likely to be victims of nonfatal intimate partner violence. (Catalano, 2006) It is estimated that two million women a year are victims of physical abuse each year, and that number does not include any other form of intimate partner violence. (Connelly, et al. 2006) Intimate partner violence results in fatalities in thirty percent of all female homicides. (Catalano, 2006) For males, the percentage goes down to five percent. Men and woman ages twenty to thirty-four are at the highest risk for intimate partner violence. Again, both men and women who are married but separated are at higher risk for intimate partner violence. Black and white females are more likely to be victims of nonfatal intimate partner violence. However, white females are more likely to be victims of fatal intimate partner violence. Individuals with a lower income and socioeconomic status are at a greater risk, but females are at a greater risk regardless of income.
Injury can result from many different incidents. One specifically important incident resulting in injury is domestic violence. It is approximated statistically that 1.8 million to 3-4 million domestic violence cases occur each year, unfortunately, the number of cases that occur cannot be more accurate due to domestic violence usually occurring in the relative privacy of one’s home. (Kelly, 2003) As disturbing as these numbers may be, we need to acknowledge that domestic violence is not a new problem arising in American homes but what is new is that we are now more aware of how serious the issue of domestic violence is in today’s society. Today, domestic violence, in its broadest definition is being defined as verbal, emotional, threatening, or physical abuse among current or former intimate partners and includes any persons related by blood. (Robert, 2002) They may be living currently within the same household or have been in the past for it to be considered domestic. Domestic violence has no barriers. It affects any race, religion, culture, or socioeconomic status. In today’s world every nurse knowingly or not is most likely to encounter a situation involving domestic violence. (Nucero & O’Connor, 2002) Therefore, it is important that within this discussion that the following issues is to be identified: the seriousness of domestic violence and what factors contribute to domestic violence, what role the legal system must take on when domestic violence occurs, and lastly what a nurse and the medical world can do in identifying and assessing domestic violence.
Thesis: In my paper, I will be examining the different types, possible causes, and effects of Intimate Partner Violence, and what treatments or programs are available to combat this growing problem in America. Regardless of differing approaches to fight it, statistics show that women all across the world suffer from the effects of domestic violence at a similar rate independent of class, race, or religion.
Domestic Violence is a relative social issue in America today. Not only are millions of people effected by domestic violence each year, but it effects all aspects of race, ethnicity, economic status, and age. The research shows the tremendous effects it has on our youth, as well as effecting large number of our youth, it effects the larger society because of the resources needed to provide families with services to deal with domestic violence.
Unintentional injury and violence is one of the leading causes of death among all people. Each year millions of people get admitted into the emergency department with some type of injury. This type of issue can lead to billions of dollars in medical expenses and productivity loss in the workplace. Most people believe that accidents just happen, but in reality most injuries are preventable. Violence with adolescents has seen an increase in this area due to matters like dating violence, bullying, and sexual abuse. There are many programs that are out there to help teach ways to prevent injuries and violence. Some are very effective to get the message across, while
(National Statistics). Domestic abuse is not selective when it comes to its victims. One’s sexual orientation, gender, race, and/or religion does not matter. Anyone can face this act of abuse. Along with this, domestic abuse also affects all socioeconomic backgrounds. (The United States of America. U.S. Department of Justice.). Domestic violence is something that affects everyone, not only the person who is facing the abuse. Children who live within a household that domestic abuse takes place within face severe consequences. For instance, witnessing this abuse between one’s parents is known to carry a large risk of passing that aggressive behavior from this generation to the next, which is a never-ending cycle. Along with this fact, young men who witnessed domestic abuse on one of their parents is twice as likely to carry this aggression into their future relationships and therefore, they are more likely to abuse their partners and even their children. Children who live within these households with domestic violence are known to show signs of behavioral and emotional disturbances due to what they have seen. These disturbances typically include a lack of confidence, aggression, and withdrawal. Apart from these effects, thirty to sixty percent of perpetrators will abuse children within the household as told by
Throughout society, the emergence of technology as well as the dominant mass media influence creates a masked perception of youth. It is difficult to maintain an objective standpoint because of the persistent biases amongst society. While some youth in actuality do participate in criminal behaviors the prevalence becomes inflated because of the use of the media. As a result, the social construction of youth becomes tainted due to harsh headline eliciting fear into the general public. The news article titled “Hamilton Teen gangs: “ Little men playing big men games” elaborates on the killing of a fourteen year old male by the name of Jesse Clarke, taking place in August 2012 in the city of Hamilton. Jesse lived in an Eastern neighborhood where he was attacked by a group of young men, who approached the victim’s house “ Brandishing pipes and bats just before he was stabbed”(Carter, 2014). Throughout this paper I will elaborate on the negative construction of youth as a
Domestic violence is a widespread problem in America. How common do you think domestic violence is in America? The domestic violence issue in America is often overlooked and not seen as big issue. Each year an estimate of 2-4 million women become victims of domestic violence according to National Coalition Against Domestic Violence. There are 3 women murdered everyday by a former or current partner in America. Every 9 seconds in the U.S a women is beaten or assaulted. More than 20,000 phones calls are place to domestic violence hotlines. Women are 70 times more likely to be murdered by their abuser a few weeks after leaving the abusive relationship. Domestic Violence is the 3rd leading cause of homelessness among families. Every year 10,000 children are exposed to domestic violence each year. Domestic violence amount to an average of 37 billon in cost for law enforcement, medical and mental treatment. Although domestic violence can happen to anyone regardless of gender estimate of 85% of domestic violence victims are women who suffer from men abusers. I will discuss exactly what domestic violence is. The several types of abuse that forms domestic violence and also signs of domestic violence. I also discuss what we can do to try to end this epidemic.
Domestic violence occurs at similar rates across all races and cultural groups studied. Research suggests that community violence is a function of poverty, not race. When people at the same income level are compared, there are few differences among races. This finding suggests that the context of poverty, not race, is a main risk factor for violence.”
“Domestic violence survivors can face ongoing and challenging effects after enduring physical, mental, and emotional abuse. It can take time for a survivor to adjust to living in a safe environment, especially if a perpetrator was severely violent and/or committed the actions over an extended period of time” ( Joyful Heart Foundation,2018). Domestic violence ranges age, sexual orientation, gender, and even religions. It can affect people of all socioeconomic backgrounds and education levels as well. Domestic can lead to serious violence or even death, when escalated. Most domestic violence cases are reported from african american households.
Lastly, it is understandable that not every teenagers’ life is a breeze, and that some are stuck in an identity crisis. But there are many of other solutions for handling problems, situations you may be afraid to face, or for any advice you might need. With so much help to offer a juvenile, it is unacceptable to act out in such a way that a violent crime is committed. Once the crime is committed, it done it cannot be changed and for that charge juveniles with the sentence they deserve. Don’t go easy on them, or give them a deal because they do not deserve it.