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Counseling theories and techniques
The theory of relevance of counseling
Counseling theories and techniques
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During the initial session, the client stated she is currently seeking counseling due to the high level of stress, anxiety, and OCD, she has been dealing with at work and at home and her personal life. The client expressed over several sessions that she has been experiencing flashbacks, having nightmares, and experiencing sleep loss. These are new symptoms, but she did not express during the initial session when she explained her initial reasoning for seeking counseling. The client explained she started to have flashbacks, nightmares and losing sleep over the past few weeks reliving the time when she was sexually abused when she was 16 years old. The client stated the incident occurred because she was set up by her friend to be sexually abused by three older men. The client explained there was a resolution because she explained and told her story to all the right people and actions were taken to make sure these men never hurt any other teenager again. The client expressed this incident has impacted the way she interacts with people regarding her level of trust/willingness to engage in appropriate relationships due to the betrayal of a close friend she was 16 years old. …show more content…
The counselor believes the client was utilizing her anxiety, OCD, and high stress to test the counselor to see if he can be trusted with this type of information. The counselor perceives the client was attempting to figure out a way to manage her high stress, OCD, and anxiety as a diversion to her main issue/concern. Which is her inability to deal with the effects of her sexual abuse and how it is impacting her life because she did not seek counseling during that difficult time in her
In the video, Whose Records, the client demonstrated frustration with her current counselor and made a request for her medical records in order to transfer to another counselor. During the conversation, the counselor remained calm and respectful to the client regardless of the clients’ disrespectful approach. I do not agree with the challenge approach made by the counselor regarding the client seeing a different counselor every three to four weeks. That seemed to increase the level of tension on behalf of the client. I feel a better approach would have been to allow the client to express her concerns regarding her current treatment. After which, the counselor could explain the process of obtaining her medical records along with requesting the client to sign the appropriate release of information to acquire her records.
Formulation of Problem/Needs: The client 's presenting problems are caused by her mother’s emotional verbal abuse. In spite of all, her emotional problems Ana maintains a positive outlook towards her future. Ana demonstrates self-determination as she clearly expresses her current issues. She struggles with overeating because she feels unloved and worthless. Ana is seeking services to overcome the resentment she feels towards her mother. She is requesting help to manage her coping skills and reduce her feelings of depression. According to Ana these feelings started at a young age. Ana’s current challenges are learning to cope with her mother’s verbal abuse. Anna will arrange monthly meetings with her social worker to talk about what methods she’s used to coping with her depression. Ana agrees that she needs to find positive away to communicate with her mother. Ana also stays that she wants to learn to be selfish and break free from the traditional stereotypical life of East LA. Ana would like to begin addressing the following
When the therapist met the client at home for individual therapy, the client greeted the therapist and she was feeling happy as evidence by reporting that she did all of her weekly plan that she plan it last week such as; visiting her biological parents, playing sports, finishing her homework, and get the dancing party arrangement done by the end of the week. Client reported that her mood did not change during the week as she reported that she was happy all the week. Client reported that the low moment for this week was getting her homework done by the end of Sunday at night as she was happy and enjoyed her time during the weekend, but she felt overwhelmed at the end as she did not finish her homework. Client reported that she was the student
According to Graham, reconciliation is both “… a goal in the sense that it aims to restore relationships or to promote agonism or mutual tolerance, respect, and dignity […] [And] it is a process because it requires multiple modes, steps, stages, and transformations across all levels of society and amongst all stakeholders in a conflict” (Graham 2015). Through reconciliation and the related processes of restorative justice, parties to the dispute explore and overcome the pain brought on by the conflict and find ways to build trust and live cooperatively with each other. Restorative justice seeks to have a positive impact on offenders by confronting them with the consequences of their actions and delineating their responsibilities, giving them both the opportunity to repair the damage caused to the victim and to work on finding a solution to their problems (Umbreit, Bradshaw and Coates, 1999). According to Philpott, there are six components of political reconciliation: building socially just institutions and relations between states, acknowledgement, reparations, punishment, apology, and forgiveness (Philpott
This case study is an interpretation of a problem or situation that has occurred within a LPC’s (License Professional Counselor) care. As information is gathered, the depiction to this specific problem in this case study may also include additional information that may deem so to be necessary, in order to place possible solutions or actions that could have or will arise from the situation. This document will consist of a step by step analysis of the factors which impact the case, mostly in the order of what appears to be the most ethically sound decision. This document involves Stephanie’s (therapist) treatment of Martha Rose (client). The therapist, Stephanie, has been given a case through referral from an unknown source; Stephanie is working with this new case in SC (South Carolina).
Gabriel disclosed his sexual assault history to his caseworker and it appeared as though the information went no further than that (Miller, 2010). Although behaviorally Gabriel was asking for help. This is an error because the caseworker did not address this particular traumatic event in Gabriel’s life as it was an added stressor in his life. The caseworker denied Gabriel the chance to work through his emotions with his psychiatrist by retaining that information to himself. By not communicating, this experience to Gabriel’s foster parent, he left Gabriel in an environment where he wasn’t
Many counselors attribute their clients' woes to long-buried "repressed" memories of childhood sexual abuse. They help clients to unlock these, and rewrite their pasts. Clients sever all former ties with "families of origin" and surround themselves only with other "survivors", to prevent confirmation or denial.
Umbreit, M. & Bradshaw, W. & Coates, R. (1994) Victims of severe violence meet the offender: restorative justice through dialogue. International Review of Victimology, 6, p321-344.
These ethical concerns must be addressed with every client. This is where closed ended questions may be considered, the best approach is to intertwine these questions into the normal flow of conversation so that the client does not feel like they are being judged. One of the ethical concerns the clinician needs to address is suicide, since those dealing with the crisis have no ability to cope and are vulnerable and overwhelmed, suicide may feel like their only option to end the crisis (Kanel, 2007). The clinician needs this information to keep the client safe. Another ethical concern the clinician must address is the possibility of abuse towards a child or the elderly or any harm to others. It is always a counselor or mental health workers ' duty to report any suspicion of this kind of activity to the proper authorities (Kanel, 2007). Organic or medical concerns are one of the other ethical considerations which must be addressed in the second stage. This includes making evaluations about any mental health or behavioral disorders as well as making any necessary referrals (Kanel, 2007). Substance abuse is another ethical concern that must be addressed by the clinician. Since substance abuse is commonly used to treat stress for those in crisis the clinician must be assertive in gathering information about drug use (Kanel, 2007). This information will direct the clinician in the
First, the therapist attempts to investigate the behaviours that the client presented on the first time that she experiences the problem. Second, the therapist tries to understand the way the client is managing her symptoms and problems (Dobson and Dobson, 2009) by identifying the safety behaviours that the client is adopting to reduce the level of anxiety (Papworth, Marrinan, and Martin, 2013). On the video session, the therapist showed concern about the behaviours that the client was engaging on (Marshall and Turnbull, 1996), however, she should have asked her more about specific behaviours that the client was probably engaging on, based on the information that the client provided (Kinsella and Garland, 2008). The therapist tries to detect behaviours such as avoiding specific situations, like for example leaving the house alone (Papworth, Marrinan, and Martin, 2013), yet she did not explore this enough. The therapist should have also inquired the client about reassurance seeking and safety seeking behaviours, as the client stated that she calls her husband when she is feeling anxious. The therapist should have discussed this in more detail, specifically emphasising the conection between these behaviours and the vicious circle (Kinsella and Garland,
I have been seeing my 15-year-old client, Alicia, for some time now. She reports that she was a foster child after both of her parents were incarcerated for drug and child abuse. She is currently living with her maternal grandparents but has disclosed that when she was in the foster system she was sexually molested. Alicia has been slow-to-warm but it appears that we are establishing rapport as she is beginning to show more positive affect. Nevertheless, in our most recent session, Alicia appeared to be “high” and disclosed that her uncle has returned from war and is staying with her and her grandparent. Alicia reported that he has been molesting her and that despite this she has does not want to go back into the foster system but only told be to tell someone safe.
Drawing on Padesky and Greenberger (1995, p.27-28), accurate diagnosis and case conceptualisation, here referred to as case formulation, are indispensable for outlining a successful treatment plan and establishing continuous treatment progress. The aim of case formulation is to outline the client’s problems in a coherent and logical manner, while providing shared guidelines for therapy, which can be as individualised as necessary depending on the client’s unique requirements (Westbrook, Kennerley and Kirk, 2011, p.63-97). Even though not all factors were addressed during this session, the case formulation used for this counselling session consists of cognitive, behavioural, emotional, environmental, socio-cultural, phys...
Therefore, there is a growing need to progress towards the restorative justice (RJ) system. According to RJ perspective, a crime is considered a conflict between individuals that results in harm to victims, communities, and offenders, and so these parties are also involved in responding to it. One of the prevalent programs of the RJ system is the victim-offender mediation (VOM) program. The VOM program is a process which provides interested victims an opportunity to meet the offender, in a safe and structured setting, with the goal of holding the offender directly accountable for their behaviour while providing assistance and compensation to the victims; mediators do not impose settlements. Over the years, the VOM program has proved to be beneficial to both, the victim and the offender.
In this part of the assignment, I will be reviewing the strengths and weaknesses that were shown when I was using counselling skills on my client. I believe that there were more strengths when I was showing counselling skills compared to the weaknesses that there were.
The counseling session began with the introductions where I introduced myself as the counselor and later introduced my client. This stage is important in any counseling session since it is the time of exploration and focusing according to Gerard Egan as quoted by Wright (1998) in his essay on couselling skills. It is in this session that I was able to establish rapport and trust with my client in order to come up with a working and fruitful relationship with him. During this stage I made use of skills like questioning, where I would pose a question directly to my client, sometimes I would choose to just listen to what the client wanted to speak out while in some instances I would be forced to paraphrase the question if I felt the client did not understand the question I had asked previously. There were also other times when I would reflect through silence. During such a period, I got time to study the client and the information he had given. This being a difficult area, since some clients may not be able to volunteer information to you as the counselor, I decided to assure the client of confidentiality of any information he was willing to share with me with a few exceptions which I also told him about. Being open to him about the only times the information may not be confidential was part of my building rapport and establishing trust with him. I therefore, decided to ask the client what information he wanted to share with me and lucky enough he was ready to speak to me about different issues that he was going through.