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The effect of smoking on lung disease and lung cancer
Lung cancer short notes
Causes of lung cancer outline
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Lung cancer is defined by Mayo Clinic as a cancer that starts in the lungs and is caused mostly from smoking. It is the number one cause for death by cancer for both men and women.
Lung cancer is curable but that does not mean that everyone can be cured before the cancer is found because most doctors find lung cancer in a patient when it is already in an advanced stage. The largest cause of lung cancer is smoking, but people who don’t smoke can still end up with this disease. Lung cancer should be found in an earlier stage so a larger percentage of people who have lung cancer can be cured faster and more efficiently. In the late 1800’s, lung cancer was still defined as rare or uncommon. Most doctors did not recognize its causes and it was not treatable. Finally in 1929, German physician, Fritz Linkit, made the connection between smoking and lung cancer. Smoking rates started declining after this discovery and an anti-tobacco movement was held in Europe. When the smoking rates declined, the lung cancer rates did not decline as planned. Smoking will cause damage to the cells lining the lungs. At first, your body should be able to repair this damage but, if the cause continues, your body will not be able to keep up. There were obviously other causes of
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Today, researchers of cancer know more about the makeup of cancer cells, especially lung cancer cells. A new, safe way for the treatment of lung cancer is immunotherapy. One of the four main treatments of immunotherapy is called adoptive cell therapy. In this certain immunotherapy approach, certain cells are removed from a patient’s body, then genetically modified, and again injected into the patient’s body. The “hoped- for” response is that the patient’s body has a better response and could improve the immune system’s anti-cancer response. Sometimes, you won’t get this response, but it will always be hoped
Cancer of the lung was nearly nonexistent in the early 1900’s. By the middle of the 20th century an epidemic became apparent throughout the United States and the rest of the world. It is primarily correlated with the widespread abundance of cigarette smoking in the world. The tobacco industry has multiplied its production immediately prior to World War I. There was a typical 20 to 30 year lagging period between the initiation of cigarette smoking and the actual tumor formation in the lungs. Lung cancer is the cancer that originates in the tissues of the lungs. It occurs when cells in the lung start to grow rapidly in an uncontrolled manner. Lung cancer can start anywhere in the lungs and affect any part of the respiratory system. Most of all lung cancer cases start in the lining of the bronchi (health-cares.net, 2005). It is the leading cause of all cancer deaths in the world. During this time the tobacco companies would continue to say that cigarette smoking was not addictive and did not cause any type of cancer. Even with all evidence in the world today about tobacco causing cancer, Tobacco companies still remain the most profitable business in the world. Lung cancer is very common in both women and men. Women account for about 40 percent of the lung cancer cases in the world. Women who smoke are more than twice as likely to develop lung cancer as those of men who smoke (Tavor, 2005).
Lung cancer dates back to 1761 when it was called disease. In 1878 only 1% of the populations were thought to have it. When the 1900s came by that number rose to 15%. There was only 374 case filed by 1912. It wasn’t until 1929 when smoking became a factor in lung cancer. Fritz Lickint was the first person to tell the public about the dangers of smoking that which went into a campaign act to tell worldwide about the dangers of smoking.
In the 1940’s and 1950’s research was being conducted to see what impact, if any, smoking had on humans. The findings of those research projects showed that there was a biological link between smoking and cancer. Concerned that this information could have a negative impact on tobacco companies, causing cigarette sales to drop, they needed to change their advertising strategy.
Diagnosed with lung cancer, now what!? Time to do some research. Lung cancer is the number one cause of deaths in males and females. The causes, diagnosis, and treatment of lung cancer have advanced recently with new technology available to scientists and the medical profession. Lung cancer develops when the cells grow abnormally and tumors form instead of healthy lung tissue. It can take place in one or both lungs, normally the cells that line the air passages. Not all tumors are cancerous, the ones that do not spread are benign tumors. The more tumors that develop in the lungs will cause the lungs to work less efficiently. The metastatic tumors spread to other parts of the body passing through the blood stream or lymphatic system.
Over 140,000 Americans die each year from lung cancer. One of the biggest causes of Lung cancer is smoking there is more than 50 different chemicals that can cause cancer in a cigarette. Second Hand smoking can also cause lung cancer if you’re exposed to secondhand smoke. The body system that lung cancer affects is the respiratory system. In all types of cancer some of the body cells begin to divide without stopping and can spread into surrounding tissue which can is the structure and function. But then the respiratory system starts to malfunction and cause problems in the body.
Overall, the government is working towards promoting the factors that decrease the chances of developing lung cancer for obvious reasons, the less people that have cancer, the less expenses and less deaths. The main forms of research for tackling lung cancer right now are personalised therapy, immunotherapy, better techniques for radiation therapy, improved screening and palliative care. Back in 2002, the National Cancer Research Institute members spent £257m on cancer research in the UK. Now, they’re spending around £500m. This is hugely encouraging, and such investment bodes well for the future of people with cancer in the UK. It’s thanks to research that cancer survival rates have doubled in the past 40 years. Organisations such as Cancer Research are constantly working towards finding the perfect cure for cancer. Hopes are that one day, they will.
Lung cancer is the leading cause of death from cancer within the United States with tobacco smoking being the biggest risk factor. In 2012, more than 220,000 people were diagnosed with lung cancer and approximately 150,000 died from the disease. “Lung cancer rates in the United States climbed dramatically throughout much of the 20th century, as smoking became more popular, and peaked in the 1980’s before declining in the 1990’s” (Furlow, 2014, p. 298). Screening of high risk people for lung cancer has been extending patients’ lives with early detection with the use of computed tomography (CT).
Lung cancer has been around for hundreds of years. Lung cancer is also the most common cancer. Death is almost absolute if not caught in its early stages. Lung cancer is hard to find because there aren’t symptoms in the early stages. Lung cancer found early enough can be stopped before it spread to other parts of your body. This isn’t definite because cancer can be dormant until later in life and it can be worse than before. Lung cancer can be avoided if you if you make the right choices and take right
In the years 1950-1968, the tobacco industries knew that their product was harmful and didn¹t decide to warn the American public until the year 1969. Because of the tobacco companies irresponsibility, our older generations are enduring painful, inevitable deaths. The tobacco companies have been arguing for years that no studies have been done within their company about the correlation of cigarette smoking and lung cancer and that they are ignorant on that matter. They have been keeping things from us for years while studies outside the tobacco companies had been done to help prove that smoking is harmful in the short and long runs to one¹s health. There was a memo written in 1963 marked ³strictly private and confidential² which stated,² moreover, nicotine is addictive... We are then in the business of selling nicotine, an addictive drug effective in the release of stress mechanisms.²(Hwang). If the tobacco companies were in fact ³ignorant² on the correlation between their product and lung cancer along with other diseases, then they should make themselves more educated about their own product or suffer the consequences and face law suits from the government and citizens of America. But, in fact, the tobacco companies have known for years what is really in each cigarette and how it really might affect us in the long run.
Cancer is defined as where the abnormal cells are divided without any control and they are able to invade into tissues. At times cancer can be cured right away once it is detected through treatments that the doctor recommends, but at times cancer cannot be cured based on what stage the cancer is at. It is very important that every individual gets a physical check up to see if they are diagnosed or detected with any sort of cancer or disease. There are 100 types of cancers out there, but the type of cancer that I will be focusing on is Lung cancer. One of the controversial issues on a lung cancer is the ...
This represents 4.0% of all male 1.8% of female hospitalisations respectively. The epidemiologic evidence and the corresponding biological understanding of respiratory cancer have supported the conclusion that smoking causes lung cancer. It is well documented that cigarette smoke: · is the major cause of lung cancer (primary carcinoma of the lung). · is a cause of heart disease, chronic lung disease, and oesophageal cancer.
Lung cancer is abnormal cell growth that originates in the tissues that line the organ’s air passages. As abnormal lung cells grow and multiply, they form into a tumor and disrupt the function of the lungs, to provide oxygen to the body via blood circulation. It is the second most commonly diagnosed cancer, and it is the leading cause of cancer death for both men and women.
For an extended period, chemotherapy, surgery, and radiation therapy have been the main pillars of cancer treatment. Over the last decade, drugs that targets cancer cells by homing in on certain molecular changes have emerged that are aimed at treatment of various cancer cells. Moreover, immunotherapy has emerged for the treatment of different types of cancers. Immunotherapy is an innovative treatment method that strengthens the human immune system to conquer cancer and other incapacitating diseases (June 18). One of the immunotherapy approaches includes the engineering of patients ‘immune cells to identify and attack their tumors. Even if this approach known as adoptive cell transfer (ACT), has been limited to small scientific
Smoking is a simple process of inhaling and exhaling the fumes of burning tobacco, but it has deadly consequences. According to the American Cancer Society, smoking is the most preventable cause of death in America today (Encarta, 2002). Until the 1940?s, smoking was considered harmless. It was at this time that epidemiologists noticed a dramatic increase in the cases of lung cancer. A study was then conducted between smokers and nonsmokers to determine if cigarettes were the cause of this increase. This study, conducted by the American Cancer Society, found increased mortality among smokers. Yet it was not until 1964 that the Surgeon General put out a report acknowledging the danger of cigarettes. The first action to curb smoking was the mandate of a warning on cigarette packages by the Federal Trade Commission (Encarta, 2002). In 1971, all cigarette advertising was banned from radio and television, and cities and states passed laws requiring nonsmoking sections in public places and workplaces (Encarta, 2002). Now in some cities smoking is being completely banned from public places and workplaces and various people are striving for more of these laws against smoking.
INTRODUCTION It's a proven fact. Each year more Americans die from lung cancer and other smoking-related diseases than they die from alcohol, drug abuse, car accidents and homicide, combined. Cigarette smoking is a danger to our life and health. It is the leading known cause of lung cancer.