Emily Comer
SPC 205, 002
Group Presentation Outline
Black Widow Spider
General Purpose: To inform
Specific Purpose: To inform my audience of the physical appearance of the Black Widow, the environment in which they are found, and how their venom affects the human body.
Central Idea: Black widows are known to be the most venomous spider in North
America with venom more than 15 times stronger than that of
rattlesnake's.
Introduction
I. Attention-Getter: Have you ever felt the urge to hurt or kill your significant other?
II. Other: According to DesertUSA.com, the female black widow has been known to injure or kill the male spider after mating.
III. Central idea: Black
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widows are known to be the most venomous spider in North America with venom more than 15 times stronger than that of rattlesnake's. IV. Credibility: In preparation of this speech, I researched many websites and read articles to educate myself on Black widow spiders. V. Preview of Points: Today, I am going to talk about the physical appearance of Black widows, the environment in which they are found, and how their venom affects the human body. (Transition: Let’s look first on the physical appearance of the black widow.) Body I. The appearance of the black widow spider varies. A. According to Arkive.com, the female black widow has a shiny black body with a distinct hourglass marking on its abdomen that is usually red, but can also be orange or yellow. B. The male black widow is about half the size of the female and is usually lighter in color with red markings along the center or the body and may have white lines down its sides. C. A black widow doesn't turn black until it matures, so a young black widow may be orange or white in color and may also have white stripes down the sides of the body. (Internal transition: So now that you have learned the physical appearance of the black widow, I would like to talk about where these spiders are found.) II. Black widow spiders are found in a wide region across the world. A. According to LiveScience.com, black widows are found in warm climates in North and South America, and also in parts of Europe, Asia, Australia, Africa, and a large area of South Africa. B. Generally, in the U.S, the majority of these spiders are found in the Southern and Northern region. C. These spiders normally are found outdoors in dark places such as buildings, or underneath objects such as brush piles.
. D. Arkive.com states that these spiders like to make their web close to the ground and
in a dark, dry place.
(Internal transition: We have seen the physical appearance and the environment of the black widow, now I would like to talk about how their venom affects the human body.)
III. According to the National Geographic website, black widow spiders are non-
aggressive and will only bite if they are disturbed.
A. BugGuide.net states that, the bite may just feel like a slight prick to the victim that
occurs when the spider's fangs are injecting their toxic venom underneath the skin.
B. After bit, swelling and redness may emerge around the general location of the bite.
C. After the venom gets in the blood stream the victim may have local pain that can
worsen and spread across the body.
D. Jessie Szalay, a LiveScience Contributor, states "Contrary to popular belief, most
victims do not suffer serious damage"(verbal citation).
E. Anti-venom can be found in most hospitals or emergency centers.
F. Carol Jorgensen Huston, an RN and professor of Nursing in California, says "Patients who are under 12 or over 60 years old or who are pregnant or seriously ill are especially vulnerable to severe reactions"(verbal
citation).
(Transition: We have completed the overview on black widow spiders, now let's review.)
Conclusion
I. Summary
A. In conclusion, Black widows have the potential to be a very dangerous spider .
B. The male and the female have a different physical appearance.
C. Only the female spider bites, and this only occurs when she is disturbed.
D. A bite from a black widow can be treated with anti-venom drugs if emergency care if reached in time.
II. Thesis Re-statement
Now that we have reviewed, you have learned all about the Black widow, including its appearance, habitat, and the affects their venom can have on our bodies.
III. Clincher
So if the thought ever does cross your mind to harm your significant other, remember that we do have laws; only black widows can get away with that.
Works Cited
Bartlett, Troy. "Genus Lactrodectus - Widow Spiders." BugGuide.net. Iowa State University, 16 Feb. 2004. Web. 25 Oct, 2014.
"Black Widow Spiders, Black Widow Spider Pictures, Black Widow Spider Facts-National Geographic." National Geographic. N.p., n.d. Web. 20 Oct. 2014.
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