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Annotated bibliography about pediatric cancer
Childhood cancer research paper
Annotated bibliography about pediatric cancer
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If you do not already have children, imagine that you have a son or daughter under the age of twenty-one, and they start complaining of pain somewhere in their body. When you take them to the doctor to have it investigated, and it turns out to be a tumor, or an obstruction in the area that is pushing against the organs or bones. The tumor your child has developed is a type of pediatric cancer and your child is now one of thirty-six children to be diagnosed every day with cancer in the United States (“Facts”). Being the smart and proactive parent that you are, you begin to research the various cures available for pediatric cancer in the United States. You discover that adult treatments are being used on children due to the lack of funding that pediatric cancer research receives. Only three new drugs have been approved by the Federal Drug Administration (FDA) in the last twenty years specifically for the treatment of pediatric cancer (“St. Baldrick's”). Pediatric cancer affects more children in the United States than many people realize until they are researching statistics and cures for their own child. Pediatric cancer is different from …show more content…
Pediatric cancer only receives four percent of all cancer research funds in the United States. In 2014, the national budget for cancer research was 4.9 billion dollars. Of that 4.9 billion dollars, only 195 million dollars was spent on pediatric research, the other 4.705 billion went to research for adults (“Cancer Facts”). Pediatric cancer is vastly under researched, and this affects the survival chances of the children who develop cancer. The government provides money to be used by researchers, but various charitable organizations are working hard to raise funds and awareness. As awareness of the suffering and lack of treatment options for children with cancer increases, donations are slowly increasing
Most of us have experienced a time in our lives when we have dealt with the burdens of sickness. Can you think of a time when a loved one has been severely ill? Or of a time when you, yourself, have been in the hospital? Can you imagine not being able to physically be with that sick loved one, or not having your loved ones nearby to support you while you were sick? Now imagine being a parent with a child who has a life-threatening illness, such as cancer. Wouldn’t that be hard? What if your child needs the best care available, but that facility is out of state? Do you send them away and visit every now and then? Do you move? Do you drive hundreds of miles a week for treatments? How can you afford it all? Thousands of families experience these hardships every day. The struggle to accommodate for a child’s healthcare needs is costly and stressful. That is why Ronald McDonald House Charities provide shelter across America for families with hospitalized children who are receiving treatment away from home.
The Children’s Miracle Network is a non-profit organization that provides charitable funds to 170 children’s hospitals in the United States and Canada. Nearly 500 corporations participate in fundraisers and campaigns that provide hospitals with equipment, research, and care to children who suffer from injuries and illnesses. To date, Children’s Miracle Network has raised more than 4.7 billion dollars, and what’s unique about this organization is that every penny stays within the network (CMN, n.d.). Children’s Miracle Network has been extremely successful over the last thirty one years due to the relationships that they have built with corporations, the extreme media coverage that they obtain, and the lives and stories of those associated with CMN that have influenced communities to make a difference one dollar at a time.
Pediatric oncology has been so very rewarding in many ways, but also so very cruel in a few ways. The good days are great, but the sad days are heartbreaking. But beyond the death and the suffering, there is a whole other layer of
Progress and innovation are key components to discover new possibilities to fight against childhood cancer. To begin with, my interest in healthcare sparked when I was diagnosed with childhood sarcoma cancer at the age of seven. As a cancer
Pediatric Oncology is at the heart of many organizations. There are many financial and emotional burdens associated with a loved one having cancer, and thanks to these foundations parents and children can sleep a little bit better at night knowing that someone has their back. Some of the more prominent groups that have an impact here in our community are: Alliance for Childhood Cancer, Bear Necessities Pediatric Cancer Foundation, CURE Childhood Cancer, and National Cancer Institute (Mccaul). These are organizations that make an impact in the lives of the children battling cancer and their families. Whether an organization has been started in memory of a loved one or to support a college or hospital, organizations like those listed above have
Childhood cancer is a life altering experience, not only for a child, but for their entire family. It is the leading cause of death in children from the time of birth to 14 years of age, defined by the ag...
I have elected to transcribe my proposal argument on issues regarding cancer chemoprevention. I selected this topic because reasonably minute devotion has been given to cancer chemoprevention research in ethical writings, particularly in relation to the huge quantity of moral studies in cancer treatment exploration. Cancer chemoprevention trials test the ability and care of medicinal agents in averting cancer before its manifestation. I believe that phase III chemoprevention issues can be less prevalent by simply ensuring enhanced communication and etiquette between researchers and investigators.
Having worked as a rehab aide in an outpatient clinic, my pediatric observation experience was completely different from what I am used to seeing. The therapist I observed was Allie Ribner who works at All Children’s Child Development and Rehab Center. Each session was completely different from one another for the session was geared towards the goals of the child and families. I found this to be a great learning experience for I saw a wide variety of different treatments and age range from 14 months to 15 years old.
“The word 'leukemia' is a very frightening word. In many instances, it's a killer and it's something that you have to deal with in a very serious and determined way if you're going to beat it” - Kareem Abdul-Jabbar. Many people, including tons of children, fight leukemia every day trying to beat this vicious cancer. Without knowing how leukemia is exactly caused, it puts a damper on how to avoid it.
Leukemia is a cancer of the white blood cells. It begins in the bone marrow, the soft tissue inside the bones. Within the bone marrow is where white blood cells are created, that help fight off bacteria, viruses, and other microorganisms within the body that cause infections. The disease develops to when the white blood cells are being produced out of control. The cells that are being produced do not work properly as they should, they grow faster than a normal cell would and don’t know when to stop growing. Overtime, if not treated properly, the white blood cells will over crowd blood cells, creating a serious problem such as anemia, bleeding and infection. Leukemia cells can spread to the lymph nodes and other organs in the body causing swelling and pain.
In 1946, a woman by the name of Mary Lasker, a member of the original ASCC, helped raise more than $4 million for the Society, where one million of it was used to establish and fund infamous cancer research (ACS Inc, 2011). Soon after, Dr. Sidney Farber, one of the Society’s first research grantees, achieved the first temporary cancer remission in a child with acute leukemia using the drug Aminopterin (ACS Inc, 2011). The ACS has been developing research theories for decades, with approximately $3.5 billion dedicated to finding a cure to cancer through research (ACS, 2011). With the ACS name nationally recognized, they were able to help fund many national, government, and hospital prevention strategies and research.
Cancer is a word which evokes many different images and emotions. Nothing in this world can prepare a person for the utter devastation of finding out someone has been diagnosed with cancer, especially when this person is a child. Over the past twenty five years the amount of research and the survival rate for children suffering with cancer have increased dramatically. Despite these successes, the funding for new research necessary to keep these children alive and healthy is miniscule and too dependent on short term grants. Of the billions of dollars spent each year on cancer treatments and research less than a third is contributed to researching pediatric cancer. Given the media focus on adult cancers, research for pediatric cancer is underfunded. In order to maintain the increasing survival rate of the children undergoing pediatric cancer and support those who have survived the disease, better funding is quintessential to develop and further promote research.
Kids are meant to be happy, play outside, go to school, and have fun. They aren’t meant to sit in hospitals, losing weight by the pound, carrying around IV poles filled with poison. It’s ridiculous and immature that we don’t have a cure for childhood cancer. The only “treatment” that we have is chemotherapy- a chemical that seems to help fight off cancer. Chemo doesn’t just fight off cancer cells though- it fights off healthy cells in your blood, mouth, digestive system, and hair follicles. The most frustrating thing about childhood cancer is that only 4% of federal funding is exclusively dedicated to childhood cancer research. It is true that more adults get diagnosed with cancer than kids, but does that mean that adults are 96% more important than children? The average age of diagnosis for an adult with cancer is age 67, and the average number of years lost is 15. 15 years are definitely many years, but not that many compared to the average number of years lost for a child- 71. Also, age 67 is a lot older than the average age of diagnoses for a child- age 6. At least the adults get to grow up and have the ability to even have cancer- some of these kids can’t even get through a fifth of their lives.
When one hears the word “cancer”, thoughts about how their previous life is about to change cloud the mind, but when one hears the word cancer for their child, it is a whole different outlook; the affects of childhood cancer are not only taken on by the patients, but also by their families; the affects can range from emotionally to physically, socially to financially, and even educationally. “Childhood cancer is considered rare, especially compared with adults. Still it’s the leading cause of death in children pre-adolescent, school-aged children” (Report: Childhood Cancer Rates Continue to Rise, but Treatment Helps Drive Down Deaths). Around 12,000 children in the United States are diagnosed with cancer every year and around one in five children that are diagnosed with cancer will die.
The Phase I trial will be discussed here as it pertains to the topic at hand. The typical treatment for cervical cancer if surgery is not a viable option – like if the cancer has spread, then called locally advanced cervical cancer – is chemotherapy and radiation treatment at the same time. This phase I clinical trial is simply looking to add ipilimumab to this regimen, but once the chemo/radiation has been completed (LACC article). Chemo and radiation destroy tumor cells, which causes tumor-associated antigens to be released. Once released, these antigens are exogenous (outside the cell) and will be presented to helper T cells to initiate an immune response.