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History of photo manipulation
History of photo manipulation
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Influence of Photography on Reality
A young man peers into a screen attached to a box that projects its image through a small lens. It is the 17th century and the artist Johannes Vermeer is preparing to paint another image based on a reflection of reality though a box. Today billions of people around the world peer into boxes with projected light and receive a different reality with images created through photography that has affected the world in many ways. Photography has become more and more accessible to the general population. For much of its technological existence, photographing was only a luxury for the wealthy. Eventually the common man could afford cameras and take pictures although these usually remained confined to a small family or friend group. It was not until the last decade or so that everyone could attain cameras, with most having them on their phones, and shared them among a vast social network creating a profile based on the everyday image. As photography has improved during the last two centuries, it has affected the way we perceive reality.
The first camera ever invented was the camera obscura, invented by Joseph Nicephore Niepce. Originally the camera obscura was a box with a hole in one side. Light would shine through that hole and project an image onto paper inside the box. Prior to Neipce artists used the camera obscura for viewing or drawing purposes. It was not possible to make permanent photographs from the device. Neipce placed a plate with bitumen on it in the camera obscura and the first photograph was created (Bellis). This first image took 8 hours to create and later faded. Eventually, a photograph called the daguerreotype was produced. This first image did not fade and only took up to 30 min...
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...ution Of The Camera." Canadian Geographic Photo Club. Canadian Geographic, 2013. Web. 19 Dec. 2013.
“Kodak: Basic Darkroom Techniques.” Kodak.com. n.d. Web. 19 Dec. 2013.
Manago, A.M., Graham, M.B., Greenfield, P.M. and Salimkhan, G. “Self-presentation and gender on MySpace.” Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 29, 446-458. Web.
Mirkinson, Jack. "Photographer Who Took Obama Selfie Picture Says We're All Reading It Wrong." The Huffington Post. TheHuffingtonPost.com, 11 Dec. 2013. Web. 19 Dec. 2013.
News, Fox. "Obama Creates International Incident With 'selfie' At Mandela Service." Fox News. FOX News Network, 11 Dec. 2013. Web. 18 Dec. 2013.
Niiler, Eric. “How Civil War Photography Changed War.” Science on NBCNEWS.com. 2012. Web. 19 Dec. 2013.
Wagner, Kurt. "Facebook Has A Quarter Of A Trillion User Photos." Mashable. N.p., 16 Sept. 2013. Web. 19 Dec. 2013.
Uelsmann and his wife photograph people, places and things from all over the world. He uses the camera to “interact with the world and collect things” (Beach). He currently uses a Mamiya 7 and Bronica GS1. Occasionally he will use an old Bronica for studio shooting (Berman); however, the camera that Uelsmann uses has little to do with the process he uses in the darkroom. His creative outlet is there. “When…build[ing…his] images on […] vague concepts [he]… cull[s] through everything [he has] ever done… image[s he had taken] 20 [or more] years ago… [can relate to images he took] ...
Shaw, William B., et al. A Photographic History of the Civil War. Six Volumes. New York, New York: The Blue and Grey Press, 1987.
Niiler, Eric. "How Civil War Photography Changed War." Msnbc.com. Discovery Channel, 11 Apr. 2011. Web. 31 Mar. 2014.
Sontag, Susan. "Essay | Photography Enhances Our Understanding of the World." BookRags. BookRags. Web. 15 Apr. 2014.
When the Civil War came, photographers not only took portraits of military commanders, but they also photographed scenes of the battlefield, daily life in...
The familiar scene is the President Obama and the press and as usual they have questions and concerns. The cartoon is setup with the president behind the podium in the front of a room with a group of press. The press have captions commenting on the different current events, like "Libya," and "Japan," then it shows a very happy and proud President Obama with his bracket set up and filled out with the march madness college basketball teams saying, "Here's what you've all been waiting for...My NCAA picks." The important person is president Obama, and there is the American flag in behind the President.
The Civil War was the first major conflict to be documented by photography. At the time of the Civil War, it was vital to have public support on both the North and the South side of the dispute. It is also said that if war efforts do not have complete support of its’ citizens that it will not result to any benefits. Photography was one way that was almost guaranteeing support of citizens on the homefront. Photographers had power within their photographs, toying with the pathos of the civilians, and causing them to feel whatever the photographers wanted them to. This power was abused at time by manipulating people’s opinions towards the war. There were pictures coming back from the warfront one after the other which made it impossible for people to feel an emotional connection to the soldiers at war. These photographs allowed events happening miles away to feel like they were closer to home causing people to support the war efforts more heavily. Instead of people having their own opinions during the war, photographers used manipulative
Potts, Mary Anne. "Q&A: The Pixel Pro." National Geographic Adventure Magazine June/July 2003. 15 Sept. 2004 <http://www.nationalgeographic.com/adventure/ 0306/gn_a.html>.
Long, John. “Ethics in the Age of Digital Photography”. Seeing & Writing 4 (4th edition). Boston and New York, USA: Bedford/St. Martin’s (2010)
Wallace, Joseph E. "Cameras For Everyone." The Camera. New York: Atheneum for Young Readers, 2000. 67-69. Print. Turning Point Invention.
Photo manipulation dates back to some of the earliest photographs captured on glass and tin plates during the nineteenth century. The practice began not long after the creation of the first photograph by Joseph Nicéphore Niépce, who developed the heliograph which made the first photographic print from a photo engraved printing plate. Back then, traditional photographic prints would be altered using various methods and techniques that involved manipulation directly to the print. These manipulations included retouching with ink, paint, airbrushing, or scratching the film during developing.
”‘Manufactured’ or staged photography does not concern me. And if I make a judgment it can only be on a psychological or sociological level. There are those that take photographs arranged beforehand and those who go out to discover the image and seize it. For me the camera is a sketchbook, an instrument of intuition and spontaneity, the master of the instant which, in visual terms, questions and decides simultaneously. In order to ‘give a meaning’ to the world, one has to feel oneself involved in what one frames through the viewfinder. This attitude requires concentration, a discipline of mind, and a sense of
Clearly late, Obama shows up 5 minutes after 7 am. Like all celebrities he arrives by a stretched Limousine. After flaccidly getting out of his Limo, one can’t help but notice his vanity of an overly-tight suit. Wearing his usual watch, one that is manufactured by a Japanese company, nothing is appears new with Obama. He disregards the seriousness of this meeting to protect our planet; Obama waves and smiles at his groupies.
The idea for photographing came around in 1814 when Joseph Niépce wanted an image of his son before he left for war. He succeeded in making the first camera in 1827, but the camera needed at least eight hours to produce one picture. Parisian Louis Daguerre invented the next kind of camera in 1839, who worked with Niépce for four years. His camera only needed fifteen to thirty minutes to produce a picture. Both Niécpe’s and Daguerre’s cameras made pictues on metal plates. In the same year Daguerre made his camera, an Englishman by the name of William Henry Fox Talbot made the first camera that photographed pictures on paper. The camera printed a reverse picture onto a negative and chemicals were needed to produce the photo up right. In 1861, color film came along and pictures were produced with color instead of being just black and white. James Clerk Maxwell is credited with coming up with color film, after he took the ...
Presently, photography has transformed into a social rite that is widely practiced by masses as a part of their daily lives. People preserve their memories on a photosensitive film through their lens (images) and convert them subsequently into the form of images (camera). They credit these images as they do believe that the pictures will exist in immortality even though the event has ended, whereas the aging brains will drain their memories away. These pictures remember every single little thing, long after they have forgotten everything. Agreeing with Susan Sontag's idea in her essay entitled “On Photography,” “The omnipresence of cameras persuasively suggests that time consists of interesting events, events worth photographing” (311), N. Scott Momaday, Babbette Hines, and Jim Nachtwey say that people depend on cameras to chronicle the priceless moments occurring in their lives. The question is, do all photographic images always portray the truth?