Infertility Research Paper

What is infertility?

inability to conceive children. Infertility can affect male or female and can be from a range of causes. Somewhere between 10-15% of the population is infertile.

What is an embryo?

An unborn offspring in the process of development. It is the period of developing from the second to the eighth week after fertilization. After this staged it is usually termed fetus.

What are the steps involved artificial insemination?

1.Physical examination; this involves both partners being examined, this includes blood testing. The doctor will then do a sperm analysis by collecting a sperm sample from the male partner. This will be used during the artificial insemination procedure.

2. Fertility drugs and monitoring; This is not required

but doctors will often prescribe fertility drugs like clomid before the process. Combining hormone treatments with IUI seems to give infertile couples a better chance at pregnancy. The doctors will also monitor the ovulations, so after it has occurred the person may choose to do one or two artificial insemination procedures each cycle.
3.

Preparing the sperm ; After the sperm is collected, the sperm are washed and concentrated down to maximize the chances of contraception. Toxic chemicals are removed, along with seminal plasma shell that surrounds each sperm cell. The process of washing has many benefits:

The sperm are concentrated to boost your your chances of getting pregnant.

It may prevent you from having a possible allergic response to the sperm.

It may reduce any uterine cramping.

4.Insertion of the sperm; a speculum will be inserted and the sperm sample will be prepared for insertion. The sperm is placed all the way into the uterine cavity with a thin catheter and syringe.

5. Rest; After the artificial insemination procedure, a cervical cap or sponge is placed into the vagina to keep the sperm near the cervix. This can be removed several hours after the procedure. The person may be advised to lay down for 15-20 minutes with the cap/sponge in, as some experts believe that lying down after the procedure increases the chances of getting pregnant,

Why do people have to undergo this reproductive technology?

It can help individuals get pregnant when dealing with issues like: male factor infertility, unexplained infertility, needing to use donor sperm to get

pregnant.
How have scientists developed this reproductive technology?
The first artificial insemination was performed on a dog. From there they have gained more information and eventually started performing it on women.

Who uses this reproductive technology- occupations ?
Artificial insemination technicians are the ones that perform this

Why do people use this technology?
It is used for people with fertility issues.
How has the reproductive technology evolved over time? How did it start? Where it is now?
The first recorded experiment with artificial insemination in humans was in the early 1700s, when scottish born surgeon John Hunter impregnated a woman with her husbands sperm, resulting in successful pregnancy. An American physician William pancoast performed a modified artificial insemination in 1884, when he injected a donor sperm into a woman under anesthesia.

What societal groups (list at least 3) are implicated by this reproductive technology?
Gay/lesbian people
Individuals with unexplained infertility
Male factor infertility