Indian Migration To Gulf Countries Case Study

Indian Migration to Gulf Countries: Economic and Trade Impact

Introduction
Migration has become a common phenomenon in the present world. Historically, migration was considered a burden by the host country. Eventually, it became one of the important factor that contributes to the increased migration. The increase in migration is simultaneously linked to the onset of globalisation. Globalisation has changed the outlook of migration and it helps a lot of countries to have bilateral and multilateral relations. Globalisation has also helped in the movement of people from one country to another more freely. Informational technology and improvements in the communications and transport sector has helped the migration process extensively.

Migration

Semi-skilled workers are employed as drivers, artisans, technical workers and other similar jobs, while the professional jobs or white collar jobs include doctors, managers, nurses and accountants.
India is the second largest populated country in the world after China, which means the population density is high and there is a surplus labor opportunity, which is one of the main reasons for unemployment and migration in India. There is a lack of professional opportunities in India and more students graduate from Universities, which results in a huge gap between the employment opportunities and unemployed people. The salary earned by skilled migrants is a lot more than they would receive within

From an economic perspective, migration occurs because of spatial differences in the supply and demand of labor. The other important factors for migration in the rural India are inadequate land for the cultivation and landlessness along with a shortage of other factors such as technical support and equipments. The majority of the people from rural areas migrating to Gulf countries just because they do not have sufficient agricultural land and some of them are landless. Even if they have agriculture land, they are unable to cultivate and seek profits due to lack of irrigation facilities and use of modern technology. Apart from the traditional industries as cottage, sugar, rice and wheat there is a lack in the employment opportunities which forces them to look for alternative job elsewhere in Gulf countries. The Indian migrants, specifically the unskilled workers in the Gulf are recruited in a completely different basis compared to the US, Canada and Europe. They are recruited only on contract basis as the GCC does not allow family reunification. Table 2 shows the growth of migrants in the Gulf countries between 1993 and