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Comprehensive sexual education vs abstinence
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Our children are growing up quicker than they ever have in the past; consequently their minds are growing more and more curious. Teenage pregnancy has been a key topic for discussion for far too long with little to no action being taken to prevent such pregnancies. Many people consider that something different needs to be done in regards to the way our children perceive sexual education. There have always been disputes about which type of sexual education should be taught in U.S. public schools. There have been many studies conducted to determine which courses are more effective in preventing teenage pregnancy and sexually transmitted diseases (STD’s). Though there are hundreds of curriculums out there only two major options have been utilized in our schools; comprehensive sex education (CSE) and abstinence-only education (AOE). These two alternatives differ from each other greatly, as do the people who support them. Though these are the two most popular courses, the one that has been favored for a very long time is abstinence-only education. Being federally funded for well over a few decades; AOE has had a number of advantages over CSE programs. The results however, have not been so prodigious. You see, every day more and more teenagers become sexually active, and every day you hear more about “teen moms”. It is apparent that teenage pregnancy is becoming a vastly growing "fad" in today's society, and many people including myself, suspect that this can be blamed on the lack of comprehensive sex education in schools. Teenage pregnancy went up by nearly five percent from 2005 to 2007. This is a big deal because when an adolescent becomes pregnant it is a huge health risk for her, the baby, and society in general. Many cases of ST... ... middle of paper ... ... Follow-Up." Journal of School Health 76.8 (ND): 414-422. Academic Search Premier. Web. 20 Nov. 2013. Frits, Gregory K. "Teenage Pregnancy: a Disturbing Trend." Brown University Child & Adolescent Behavior Letter26.1 (2010): 8. Academic Search Premier. Web. 20 Nov. 2013. Hall, David W., and Kathrin F. Stanger-Hall. "Abstinence-Only Education and Teen Pregnancy Rates: Why We Need Comprehensive Sex Education in the U.S." PLoS ONE 6.10 (2011): 1-11. Academic Search Premier. Web. 20 Nov. 2013. Miller, Monica K., and Dana A. Weiser. "Barack Obama vs Bristol Palin: Why the President's Sex Education Policy Wins." Contemporary Justice Review 13.4 (2010): 411-424. Academic Search Premier. Web. 20 Nov. 2013. Rajani, Nicole, and Naomi Starkman. "The Case for Comprehensive Sex Education." AIDS Patient Care & STDs 16.7 (2002): 313-318. Academic Search Premier. Web. 20 Nov. 2013.
Since the HIV/AIDS epidemic began in the U.S. in the early 1980s the issue of sex education for American youth has had the attention of the nation. There are about 400,000 teen births every year in the U.S, with about 9 billion in associated public costs. STI contraction in general, as well as teen pregnancy, have put the subject even more so on the forefront of the nation’s leading issues. The approach and method for proper and effective sex education has been hotly debated. Some believe that teaching abstinence-only until marriage is the best method while others believe that a more comprehensive approach, which includes abstinence promotion as well as contraceptive information, is necessary. Abstinence-only program curriculums disregard medical ethics and scientific accuracy, and have been empirically proven to be ineffective; therefore, comprehensive sex education programs which are medically accurate, science-based and empirically proven should be the standard method of sex education for students/children in the U.S.
It has been almost thirty three years since the first federal funding was put to use in “. . . sex education programs that promote abstinence-only-until-marriage to the exclusion of all other approaches . . .” according to the article “Sex education” (2010) published by “Opposing Viewpoints in Context;” a website that specializes in covering social issues. Since then a muddy controversy has arisen over whether that is the best approach. On one hand is the traditional approach of abstinence (not having sex before marriage), and on the other is the idea that what is being done is not enough, and that there needs to be a more comprehensive approach. This entails not only warning against sex, but also teaching teens about how to have “Safe Sex” (“Sex Education,” 2010).
Today’s young Americans face strong peer pressure to be sexually active and engage themselves in risky behaviors (Merino 100-109). Anyone deciding to have sex must first think about all the risks involved. Kekla Magoon, author of Sex Education in Schools, says that “half of all teens aged 15 to 19 years old in the United States have had sex” (Magoon 64-65). It is currently not required by federal law for schools to teach Sex education and those few schools that do teach Sex education have the decision to determine how much information is allowed. Advocates from both sides of the Sex education debate agree that teens need positive influences in order to make practical decisions (Magoon 88-89). Opponents of Abstinence-only education believe it fails because it does not prepare teens for all the risks of sex (Magoon 64-65).
Collins, Chris, Priya Alagiri, and Todd Summers. "Abstinence Only vs. Comprehensive Sex Education: What Are the Arguments? What Is the Evidence?" AIDS Research Institute. University of California, San Francisco, Mar. 2002. Web. 19 Feb. 2011. .
encompasses sexual development, reproductive health, interpersonal relationships, affection, intimacy, body image, and gender roles.” Sex education discusses important aspects of reproduction, sexuality, and just growing up in general in a physical and emotional sense. One would have to wonder though; does sex education actually serve its purpose? Does it enlighten teens enough about sex and the consequences, to the point where you can actually tell the difference between those who are sexually educated and those who are not? According to a study done bye Coyle (1999) sex education no matter where, at home or in school, and no matter the program does indeed help decrease the amount of teens having unsafe sex. Based on information from that same study about 3 million teenagers a year get an STD, and roughly 10% of adolescent females ages 15-19 get pregnant every year unintentionally. In an article from The Alan Guttmacher Institute (1999) there has been a 20% drop in female pregnancies between n 1990 and 1997 and the drop has continued, they have stated that the reason for this i...
Sex in America’s high schools is a reality that must be faced head on. Many high school students today are struggling with the decision to have sex. As a society, are we letting today’s teens down by not having a full sexual education curriculum available in all high schools? In a study conducted in 2007, detailing the sexual activity of high school students, between grades ninth and twelfth showed that 48% of students had sexual intercourse (46% girls 50% boys) (ReCAPP). So why is it that our schools teach abstinence to the students? It is made clear by the study that half of the students are still having sexual contact with their partners. After personally experiencing sex at an early age, the discovery sex was foreign to me because of the lack of knowledge that was available in the 80’s. This is something that can be eliminated in this decade due to the knowledge of sex and the problems that can arise from a bad sexual experience.
Kohler et al. (2008)“Abstinence-only and Comprehensive Sex Education and the Initiation of Sexual Activity and Teen Pregnancy.” Journal of Adolescent Health, 42(4): 344-351.
Stanger-Hall, K. & Hall, D. (2011). Abstinence-Only Education and Teen Pregnancy Rates: Why We Need Comprehensive Sex Education in the U.S. PLoS ONE 6(10).
In the United States, there is a rising problem that is not going anywhere anytime soon, that is if we, as citizens, don 't change it. This problem is causing billions of dollars and people 's futures all because schools would rather teach ignorance than the truth. What’s the problem? Sex education. Although sex education may not seem like a rising conflict, it is actually one of the top controversial topics in our country regarding education. According to Brigid McKeon, “Each year, U.S. teens experience as many as 850,000 pregnancies, and youth under age 25 experience about 9.1 million sexually transmitted infections (STIs)” (McKeon). This number is so unbelievable to any sane person, but somehow schools still won 't take the initiative to teach realistic sex education. Sex education can be taught in two different procedures- comprehensive or abstinence only. The difference between the two methods is that comprehensive sex education teaches abstinence as a secondary choice, so that teens who decide not to wait are well educated on how to keep themselves protected. Comprehensive sex education should be required in every single public school because it is the most effective method on how to keep teenagers well informed and prepared.
Today many teenagers are very sexually active. In fact, According to the Center of Disease Control, 47% of teenagers have reported being sexually active (http://www.cdc.gov 2013). These statistics illustrate the vital need for sexual education to be taught in all types of schools, and the importance of informing the teens on the risk of their behaviors, since this is where teenagers spend most of their time. In January 2014, over half of the states are required by the federal government to teach sexual education (http://www.ncsl.org 2014). Unfortunately, in many religious based schools, students are not instructed in sexual education. In fact they promote abstinence until marriage. According to “School-Based Health Clinics and Sex Education - A Christian View of Sex Education in Schools” The students are taught on a “government-funded abstinence-only-until-marriage education curricula”, and it’s said to “contain false and misleading "medical" statements and teach religious propaganda and theologically driven gender stereotypes to our children.” (http://www.probe.org 2012). Consequently the importance of such curriculum being present in religious based schools is shown through the teenager’s general knowledge of the risk of being sexually active, Sexually Transmitted diseases and Pregnancy prevention , and the studies on the effectiveness of sexual education in schools are topics that are often not taught in religion based schools thus leaving the students at risk.
National Abstinence Education Association. “Comprehensive Sex Education Is Inappropriate And Harmful.” Do Abstinence Programs Work?. Christina Fisanick. Michigan. Greenhaven Press, 2010. 33-42. Print.
Martinez, Gladys, Joyce Abma, and Casey Copen. “Educating Teenagers About Sex In The United States”. CDC.GOV. Center of Disease Control and Prevention, 15 Sept. 2010. Web. 09 Feb.2014
Let’s Talk About Sex Abstaining from sexual activity is morally correct in preventing pregnancy and controlling transmitted diseases, but programs that advocate for abstinence only, such as public schools, often fail to prevent young students from having sex and the proper knowledge of their actions. Teaching abstinence-only based sexual education in a public school is ineffective because it does not delay the initiation of sexual activity, it does not prevent sexually transmitted diseases or pregnancy, and it promotes a socially conservative value. The two types of approaches to teaching sex education include comprehensive and abstinence-only. The Comprehensive approach teaches that sexuality is a normal, healthy part of life and stresses
Before moving on, one must know that sex education is about, but not limited to the discussion of sexual intercourse. As a Buzzle article states, it involves a multitude of topics that introduce human sexual behaviors such as puberty, sexual health, sexual reproduction, sexuality, and more (Iyer). If formally received in school, these topics are brought up and discussed at age-appropriate times over the course of children’s junior high and high school education. Moreover, as I have introduced earlier, the way sex education should be taught is divided into two approaches. It is between taking either a conservative, abstinence-only approach or a more liberal, comprehensive approach. Abstinence-only education, approaches students by stressing the importance of “no sex before marriage” as be...
Sex education should be increased in schools. Nearly one million women under the age of 20 get pregnant each year. That means 2800 women get pregnant each day. If students are educated about the effects sex has on their lives, it lessens their chance of having children at an early age. Knowledge about sex can also lessen the chance of kids receiving STDS.