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Introduction to research methodology
Research is a formal , systematic application of the scientific method to the study of problems
Introduction to research methodology
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0.1 Introduction
Research is defined as: “A systematic investigation designed to develop or contribute to generalizable knowledge” (Babbie, 1998). Also we can call it as a process of discovering new knowledge. We research about people and their behavior, opinions, trends, patterns, attitudes, politics, animals, health and illness. Research can be conducted informally for our own benefit, through watching, asking questions, reading or counting and formally, for medical or academic purposes, as a marketing strategy, to influence and inform politics and policy. Research may be carried out in our own lives, in our place of work, through the media with our friends and family or through reading past research. Research needs and requirements
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It also known as exploratory in nature and is conducted without any practical end-use in mind. It is driven by gut instinct, curiosity, interest or intuition, and simply aims to advance knowledge and to identify or explain relationships between variables. However, as the word “fundamental” suggests, pure research may provide a foundation for further, sometimes applied research. As an example, in some pure scientific research scientists discover what properties different materials possess. It is not for applying those properties to anything in particular, but simply to find out what are those properties. Pure mathematics is to see what happens, not to solve a problem. (Gene …show more content…
The purpose of research is to inform action. Our study should explore to contextualize its findings within the larger body of research. Research should be high quality to produce knowledge that is relevant outside of the research setting with implications that go beyond the group that has participated in the research. Further, the results of our study should have implications for policy and project implementation. (Kerry B, 2012)
Research leads to development of knowledge and discoveries of new medical treatments and cures. Research has done huge service to development in agriculture, such as the introduction of drought-resistant crop varieties and high-yield. Projections of the effects of global warming have also been determined through research. Through research findings, psychologists are now able to explain individuals’ behaviors, how people think and act in certain ways. This helps to determine disorders and their impact on the society and the individual person, thus developing appropriate treatments to improve and save the individual’s quality of life. In business field, market research helps companies to make projections and formulate appropriate procedures to ensure survival. Businesses conduct surveys to understand the needs
Research is a systematic inquiry that uses disciplined methods to answer questions and solve problems. The ultimate goal of research is to gain knowledge that would be useful to many people. The Tuskegee study was initially started to study the effects of untreated Syphilis for about six to nine months, followed by treatment phase which gained public interest and outcry from public which led to actions initiated by US federal. The knowledge and information gathered from the study was very small compared to the risk that the men and their family endured. The participants and the families got compensated after a lawsuit was filed, but the physical, emotional and mental damaged caused cannot be
The process of market research is assembling information, analyzing its value, and interpreting market information about products or services to be presented for sale in a particular market (McDaniel & Gates, 2006). Market research is also about historical, current and future customers for the product or service being researched. Market research as stated by McDaniel and Gates, (2006) is a combination of characteristics, spending trends, position and the needs of the firm’s target market, the industry the firm is working in, and the firms competitors.
Marketing research has become a very important part of small businesses and large corporations gaining information about their customers and how they feel about their products and services. According to Philip Kotler, "Marketing research is systematic problem analysis, model building and fact-finding for the purpose of improved decision-king and control in the marketing of goods and services (Kotler & Keller, 2012)”. The initial step in the marketing process is to identify the problem the company is having and then decide the way the marketing team would like to conduct the research. The marketing team will devise a plan on how to gather the information and set a budget for the research project. In the planning of how they will conduct the
Research is defined as systematic investigation in order to establish facts and reach new conclusions (OUP, 2014). The biopsychosocial model has already been described.
The research question is the first and foremost initial step in the research process, because it defines the expected outcomes and drives the project design. So it should be clear and concise once the research question is formulated, the next is defining the terms and concepts used in the research process. A literature review is needed to clarify issues, gives an understanding to the researcher how others have formulated similar research questions and defines concepts.
There are two types of research that can be conducted in research studies, these are qualitative and quantitative (Newman, 2011). Qualitative research is a process that uses detailed oriented methodology that tries to achieve a profound knowledge or understanding of specific incident and circumstance, wh...
Research is a pivotal tool necessary in order to expand knowledge. It provides the basis of evidence that leads to discoveries. This is especially crucial in nursing and health care. Nursing research allows nurses to further understand illness, prevention of disease, and effective ways to provide optimal health care (National Institute of Nursing Research, 2003).
Parahoo (2014) refers basic research to as pure research conducted to develop, test and refine theories and generate new knowledge to help in provision of quality and effective health services to patients. In other cases, basic research is said to seek more knowldeg for knowdleg sakes. Basic research mainly makes use of animal testing to come up with new ways and medication
As interest in healthcare research grows, the number of definitions and explorations of the topic has increased. Most definitions of research follow a similar theme with the search for knowledge being emphasised as a fundamental reason for undertaking research studies (Clifford, 1997). Cormack (2000) defined research as an attempt to increase the sum of what is known by the discove... ... middle of paper ... ... rities.
Zikmund,W., Babin, J., Carr, J., & Griffith, M. (2013). Business research methods. Mason, OH. South-Western, Cengage Learning. ISBN: 9781111826925
“Research is order, patient study and inquiry in some field of fact which is undertaken to establish certain facts or ethics applicable to content”
Briefly it is a systematic design, collection, analysis, and reporting of data and findings relevant to a specific marketing situation facing the company, allows management to make the changes necessary for better results through adopting a proactive approach. Therefore, if a company wants to know what type of products or services would be profitable it should make a market research. Furthermore, a comprehensive research will enable the company to know about the product imperfections (if there are) and to know if it has been able to satisfy customers’ needs. It attempts to provide accurate information that reflects a true state of affairs. Due to market research the company can formulate a viable marketing plan and estimate the success of its existing plan. There are two main sources of marketing research information:
Basic research is mainly concerned with generalizations and the formulation of theory. It is driven by curiosity or interest in a subject. The main motivation is to expand man’s knowledge, not to create or invent something. Many scientists believe that basic research
The premise behind marketing research helps provide a company’s decision makers the information intelligence needed to make daily decisions (McDaniel & Gates, 2006). The data obtained gives insight to the performance of the current marketing mix while also providing insights to potential changes to future programs (McDaniel & Gates, 2006). Marketing research is a key driver to help define new ideas and initiatives that could improve company or product performance.
Research which is also known as the search for knowledge is an art of scientific search for specific information. According to Clifford Woody, the research includes defining and redefining problems, formulating hypothesis and suggested solutions, collecting, organising and evaluating data, making deductions and reaching conclusion and further testing whether the conclusion will fit into formulating hypothesis. Research Methodology is a scientific and systematic way of finding solution to a problem. In this research, researcher has studied various steps for research like problem along with the logic behind them. For this study, researcher must know various research techniques like mean, mode,