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Family influences on child development
Family influences on child development
Social pedagogy influence current practice
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Necessary development, things that need to be learned:
There are things that we all need to learn in order to lead a happy life in dignity, be part of society and make use of our resourcefulness”.
(http://www.thempra.org.uk/social-pedagogy/key-concepts-in-social-pedagogy/the-zone-of-proximal-development/)
Supportive Learning Opportunities
Young children experience their world through their relationships with parents and practitioners. Safe, stable, nurturing relationships and environments between children and practitioners responsible for their care, provide a buffer against the effects of potential stressors such as child maltreatment and are fundamental to healthy brain development. They also shape the development of children’s physical, talking about what they are painting or drawing with an adult or another child
Problem-solving, reasoning and numeracy: using developing mathematical ideas and methods to solve practical problems, e.g. learning new concepts such as full and empty, light and heavy, during sand and/or water play
Knowledge and understanding of the world: investigating objects and materials by using all senses as appropriate, e.g. exploring the different properties of materials, such as differences between wet sand (which can be shaped to build things) and dry sand (which can be poured)
Physical development: handling tools, objects, construction and malleable materials safely and with increasing control, e.g. developing dexterity and hand–eye co-ordination during creative activities such as painting, drawing, model making and woodwork
Creative development: expressing and communicating their ideas, thoughts and feelings by using a widening range of materials, suitable tools, imaginative and role-play, movement, designing and making, and a variety of songs and musical instruments. Creative activities such as painting, drawing and model-making help to stimulate aesthetic awareness and appreciation of colour, shape, patterns, relationships and
Observation is an integral part of the assessment and planning cycle to aid positive development.
Settings use observation as an essential and central aspect of the practitioner’s role and are key to everyday practice.
Observation is about observing children's actions, expressions, gestures and behaviours, and listening to their talk and interactions within the setting (Nursery World, 2006).
Sometimes it is about joining in with their play or conversations and sometimes about asking and responding to questions. The purpose of observations is to enable practitioners to plan appropriate activities and learning to meet the full range of needs of all children within the setting.
Practitioners will observe children to find out:
What is interesting and motivating them as individuals or groups
How they have joined in with a particular activity, experience or area of provision
Factors that influence their involvement and sense of well-being during the day or session
How the children's skills are developing
What they know and understand in terms of the Foundation Stage areas of
Child Observation Record (COR) is the checklist that evaluates children’s learning in the five content areas. Each day, teachers observe children at play in natural and authentic situations and then take notes about children’s behavior. These records are gathered to help teachers evaluate children’s development and plan activities to help individual children and even the whole classroom make progress. For teachers, the Preschool Program Quality Assessment (PQA) is used to evaluate whether the whole High Scope program and the staffs are using the most effective classroom and program management
From birth, children are dependent on parents for survival and safety. Infants need this attachment in order to survive. Basic needs like shelter and food are things in that all human beings need; but for infants and children, in particular, they cannot survive independently without parents and guidance. Furthermore, as children grow, the parent-child attachment is not just physical, but it is also psychological. Adults who care for children through unconditional love and acceptance, provide positive living environments and self confidence which helps the child grow independently into an adult. Failure in this child-parent relationship in the form of long term neglect or trauma can have consequences in a child’s development physically and psychologically.
Observation allows researchers to experience a specific aspect of social life and get a firsthand look at a trend, institution or behaviour. It promotes good communication skills, improves decision making and enhances awareness.
Observations are carried out to collect information such as: how a child is progressing; how they learn; their interests; and what they are learning through their play. Along with their unique abilities, talents and needs. Observations can be holistic or focused to one area and indicate whether children are at the expected stage (Early Years Matters, 2015). They can also identify possible SEN. Afterwards, the information retrieved from observations are used to assess and plan for
Observation is very important in young children because that is how you get to know a child better. While observing how a child interacts with their peers, adults, and how they behave in different settings, you are getting to know the child without speaking to them.
In this assignment I am going to describe a child observation that I have done in a nursery for twenty minutes in a play setting. I will explain the strengths and weaknesses of naturalistic observation through the key developmental milestones based in Mary Sheridan (2005) check-list and provide a theoretical explanation to support the naturalistic observation.
...interested in finding out if there may have been any language barrier between the young Asian male and the young Latina girl. Perhaps communication was a determining factor in the lack of cooperation from the young male ,regarding sharing the red ball. I would like to know if there were any familial stresses in either household. The strength of observation is that you get direct access, as opposed to utilizing some means of self-reporting. Disadvantages of observation are: you have to have time and money to complete a proper study, and you have to be careful to record what actually happened, not what you wanted, or expected to see.
Human being spend much time observing the world in which they live in. observing the world is something were familiar with is just that we have not considered it as a way of doing formal research. Observation does not just involve vision, it includes interpretation of that same date, it’s not just recording of data from environment we observe, we are active our brains are engaged as well as our eyes and ears. In a social gathering where you don’t know people researcher can adopt participant observation where she has two roles to play that is being an observer and participant. In a hospital a nurse can pretend to be a patient in other to be admitted into the ward to enable her obtain adequate information because informant
For 12 weeks I observed a young pre-schooler Child C aged 31/2 years old, through my account I would give an observer’s view of Child C, three theories peculiar to Child C and my the emotions evoked in me as an observer. My observation assisted in my understanding of the changes in Child C as the week progressed over the 12 weeks.
Naturalistic observation is a way of observing applicants in their own natural environment without the contestants realizing the observers are present. My observation took me to different places and settings to complete my assignment where I observed the subjects’ reactions and further relate it with concepts of psychology. This assignment is going to look into the observation at different settings by watching people as they go about their normal activities in their own habitats, and will briefly describe the concepts of superego, egocentrism, operant conditioning, pretend play, and lack of conservation. These concepts are common between the ages 4-6 years of age. The paper will also analyze the interactions using a reflective approach on the psychology of young children.
observation, it can often allow for an understanding of individual reactions to what is happening
The observational method is when researchers use their senses to observe, examine, and record behaviors in a natural setting. This means there is no interruption or manipulation by the researcher. In order to enhance this type of research,
Observation is important as the practitioner can find out what the child is interested in and what motivates them to learn alongside their progress and how they behave in certain situations, additionally at the same time it identifies if children need assistance within certain areas of learning or socially (DCSF, 2008). Furthermore the observations check that the child is safe, contented, healthy and developing normally within the classroom or early years setting, over time the observations can be given to parents as they show a record of progress which helps to settle the parent and feel more comfortable about their child’s education. Observations are not only constructive within learning about an individual child, they can be used to see how different groups of children behave in the same situation and how adults communicate and deal with children’s behaviour (Meggitt and Walker, 2004). Overall observations should always look at the positives of what children can complete within education and not look at the negatives and all observations should become a fundamental part of all practitioners work alongside reflection (Smidt, 2009).
Observational methods are of a non-experimental design where the absence of the IV does not allow any cause and effect relationship. There are different types of observations to include; participant, nonparticipant, structured, non-structured and naturalistic. This method includes an observation of the respondent by the researcher in the respondent’s natural social settings. The researcher has no influence over the behaviour of the respondent. Observations are commonly used to study aspects of development, including physical, social, emotional and intellectual
Creative Arts in early childhood education refers to children’s participation in a variety of activities that engage their minds, bodies and senses (Sinclair, Jeanneret & O’Toole, 2012; Kearns, 2017); to inspire all children with the opportunity for creative and imaginative expression. Duffy (2006) and Sinclair et al. (2012) state that creativity is the process where children use their imagination to problem solve, develop new ideas, independence and flexibility to accomplish tasks. Furthermore, when educators foster creativity, they are assisting children in making meaning through play and developing their growing capacity to communicate, collaborate and think critically to meet the demands of life in the 21st century (Duffy, 2006; Korn-Bursztyn, 2012; Sinclair et al., 2012).