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Review of literature on brand image
The importance of branding in marketing
The influence of television advertising on product brand
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A brand is like a real person who lives and works in the real world. Like people on the earth, each brand has its own unique identity and original image. It represents a company’s or an organization’s value, service, culture background, thought and personality. Brand identity, in a word, refers to how a company or an organization wants the customers to perceive its product or service as it plans. An appropriate brand identity can set a company apart from competitors by making right promise and differentiation. It can improve brand awareness and generates regular buyers even active buyers. A strong brand identity is like a celebrity in the world, which has powerful attractiveness to its followers. It leads not only profits and financial assets, …show more content…
It can be defined as a unique bundle of associations within the minds of target customers. Brand image is formed in consumer’s mind from all signals and information sent by companies and other sources of information such as their knowledge, life experience, and contact with a brand. Consumers develop various associations with the brand, while based on these associations, they form brand image. In short, it is nothing but the consumers’ actual perception about the product or service. Brand image conveys emotional value and not just a mental image. It is the subjective and mental feedback of the consumers when they have a contact with a product. And also it is an accumulation of contact, observation and feelings by people to an organization. Brand image lies in consumer’s mind, which develops and conveys the product’s character in a unique manner different from its competitor’s image. The brand image consists of various features that exist in consumers’ mind like benefits and attributes. Brand attributes are the functional and mental connections with the brand that customers experience. Generally speaking, benefits are the main reasons for the purchase decision. There are three types of benefits. First, functional benefit is what a brand achieves better than others. Second, emotional benefit is that how a brand makes its product different than others, and last, rational benefits is why consumers choose this brand and believe it. Brand image can’t be created by any companies, but is automatically formed by consumers. When the consumers purchase the product, they also purchase its
In every given business, the name itself portrays different meanings. This serves as the reference point and sometimes the basis of customers on what to expect within the company. Since personality affects product image (Langmeyer & Shank, 1994), the presence of brand helps in the realization of this concept. Traditionally, brand is a symbolic manifestation of all the information connected with a company, product, or service (Nilson, 2003; Olin, 2003). A brand is typically composed of a name, logo, and other visual elements such as images, colors, and icons (Gillooley & Varley, 2001; Laforet & Saunders, 1994)). It is believed that a brand puts an impression to the consumer on what to expect to the product or service being offered (Mere, 1995). In other application, brand may be referred as trademark, which is legally appropriate term. The brand is the most powerful weapon in the market (LePla & Parker, 1999). Brands possess personality in which people associate their experience. Oftentimes, they are related to the core values the company executes.
Brand; - brand is known as uniqueness in term of what products or service the company provides. Brand is also set of insight or image that represents seller. Brand defines symbol, name, term or feature of company’s service or goods. Example of popular brand is apple, Amazon and Samsung.
Kevin Keller’s brand equity model is known as the Customer Based Brand Equity Model (CBBE). This model was first introduced in his book, Strategic Brand Management. According to the model, a company must shape how customers think, feel, and act towards a product in order to build a strong brand. A consumer must have the right type of experience around the brand, which foster positive thoughts, opinions, perceptions, beliefs and feelings. By building strong brand equity, customers will recommend company products and will buy more of them. Moreover, this increases brand loyalty and decreases brand switching to competitors. One’s memory consists of a network of associations and connecting links, and any association ever processed about a brand
A brand audit is a detailed assessment of a brand’s current ranking in the market compared to other competitors. It provides information on how the business is performing in the market. A brand audit also aims at examining the image and reputation of the brand as perceived by customers. The two key elements of brand audit are brand inventory and brand exploratory. Brand inventory provides up to date itinerary of how a company markets and brands its products. On the other hand, a brand exploratory is an examination undertaken so as to comprehend what consumers feel about the brand. It seeks to conduct a consumer insight research in order to acquire consumers’ feelings and perceptions. This paper looks into the brand exploratory aspect of auditing under the customer-based brand equity (CBBE) model.
Companies use a collection of brand equities to represent their products in the market (Voolnes, 2012). Brand equity refers to the commercial value that is derived from the perception of consumers on any given brand name of particular products in the market as opposed to the product itself. Ataman (2003) notes that the effect to the consumer is in the brand name and not the product itself. Companies use logos, trademarks and a collection of other symbols to present this information to the customers. The use of these symbols is meant to try and capture the customer mindset so that they can be thinking about the company products at all times through the items they possess at home (Estes, Gibbert, Guest, & Mazursk, 2012). This can well be explained by use of the customer-based brand equity model that brings together the requirements for a publicly renowned brand in the market.
A brand identifies a seller’s product from a competitor’s product. There are three main purposes for branding product identification, which is the most important purpose, repeat sales, and new-product sales. Branding has a lot of terms that marketers use there is brand equity, global brand, and brand loyalty. Marketers also have different brand strategies that they use for different products or customers. It all depends on the consumer for them to decide which strategy they will use. The different strategies are generic products, manufacturer’s brands, private brands, individual brands, family brands, and co-branding. The branding purposes and the branding strategy make up the importance of branding.
What is brand? Brand is a trade name which can distinguish from other product or service (Intellectual property office, 2013). Another meaning of the brand is to convey the promise or message to the customer (Intellectual property office, 2013). A powerful brand can lead the company to go further in the industry and it can develop the company's potential (Temporal, 2010). Therefore, brand is a signifying of the company.
The review of relevant literature is to identify what's brand awareness and how to carry out in strategic marketing, and consumers' behavior. The study prove that the significant factors on brand awareness as a perception of product, service, and image of the company and has a tremendous effect on consumers’ evaluation of system results. From reading all of the relevant journals, it is understandable that the significant factors on building a successful brand image and awareness is consumers and their relationship with the brand, company, service and the product. Brand awareness is the vital importance to marketing strategy and marketing communications because it links customer behavior to firms’ financial metric. Keller (2001), noted, customers’ reaction toward brand awareness is associated profitably brand equity.
A company’s brand is one of its most valuable assets (Green and Smith 2002). Brands owners invest millions of dollars every year in advertising and promotion to raise awareness and create demand for their brands.
Secondly, some light has been thrown on the previous researches by various authors on the similar topics by providing with a summarised form of the same. It helps in better understanding of the ongoing concepts and perceptions on the concept of brand and its importance.
Every company seeks to create its own brand - a unique and effective image. Purpose of brand is attracting and retaining customers in its market share. Branding in marketing is a complex technology, aimed at making advantageous position a brand from the competition. Facilitating the search for the necessary goods to the buyer, branding in marketing becomes more effective if the consumer product features meet market requirements. It is especially necessary to identify the goods, for a case of unprepared buyer which can not assess the competitive characteristics (for example, high-tech products). The development of technology has had a huge impact on human society. It is reflected in the fact that we are surrounded by complex technical devices that we use every day and sometimes we have no idea of how this thing is located within. Here the brand comes to help the consumer that stands out from all those product characteristics that are important to the consumer and facilitates the understanding of the product.
People are buying the product which gives them prestige. Marketers have interest on consumer psychology and they are playing with every day by showing that their product will give prestige in the society. It’s true that the transparent societies now needs brands image. Marketers analyze the interest and needs of consumer than create the product according to the need of the society. Brand can attain the people attraction and the business can have the good reputation by giving satisfaction to consumer. If the brand gives satisfaction and function are according to the expectation of consumer than the brand gets good image on the mind of consumer. brand image is great weapon to use for the competitors it builds in years , at once the business gets brand image it has competitive edge from other brands in the market. When consumer rely on the brand the company can create the long term relation with the consumer, in other words (CRM) consumer relationship management. The brand image has effect on the choice of every individual there believe and attitude change their preferences. Brand image can be effected by price as price is an important part for consumer when they are making purchase decision if they find the value of brand is equal to the pricing they purchase that brand if not they refuse it. Similarly the image of brand can be effected by the attributes and features or
Brand offers superior quality of the service to the customer’s expectation and satisfaction. Furthermore, people are much attached to the branded products, as majority of the people purchase the branded products with the belief that brands show their status and life style in the society. And also because they believe that they are purchasing quality when purchasing branded product. As duration of stay creates impact of brand on consumer behaviour, so verification of brand image, brand loyalty and personality should be considered as the significant factors in this regard. It can also be said that there is need to improve the product of a particular brand so that the impact of brand on consumer behaviour is more effective in comparison to the existing scenario. The study also reflects that the product features are very essential for consumers. Advertising plays a very important role in achieving growth for any product or brand. The right media for advertising products and services should be chosen to gain customer attention.
Corporate Communication is gaining immense importance in today’s changing times. In the digital age, the biggest challenge for an organization is to remain consistent across traditional as well as new media. Corporate identity management imparts consistency to an organization’s messaging and gives it a personality (emotional, friendly, reliable, trustworthy, simple etc.). Also, Corporate Brand defines the firm that will deliver and stand behind the offering that the customer will buy and use. The corporate brand has access to organizational as well as product associations and represents the organization that stands behind its products. While corporate identity heavily
Brand positioning refers to “target consumer’s” reason to buy your brand in preference to others. It involves identifying and determining points of similarity and difference to ascertain the right brand identity and to create a proper brand image. A significant differential advantage can lead customers to focus on product benefits other than price. Brand Positioning is the key of marketing strategy. A strong brand positioning directs marketing strategy by explaining the brand details, the uniqueness of brand and it’s similarity with the competitive brands, as well as the reasons for buying and using that specific brand. Positioning is the base for developing and increasing the required knowledge and perceptions of the customers. It is the single feature that sets your service apart from your competitors.