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What are the economic impacts of colonialism
General impact of colonialism
General impact of colonialism
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INTRODUCTION
Colonization can be understood as the policy of acquiring or settling in a new country but remaining under the rule of homeland or home country. Colonial rule in Uganda addresses the settlement of the British in Uganda, acquiring it as a colony but remaining under the rule of Britain. It further addresses the reasons why British colonized Uganda, the measures used to administer colonization as well as the effects that resulted from colonization.
Colonization in Uganda
The process of colonization in Uganda by the British started during the reign of Kabaka Mutesa of Buganda from 1856-1884. Uganda was claimed as a British Protectorate in 1894-1962.
Full administration of Uganda as a colony was complete after signing of the 1900
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Apolo Kagwa, still in his twenties was from early recognized as the leader of the protestant faction. The Muslims were in ascendancy in the early part of the war and Kagwa and other protestants spent some time in exile in the neighbouring kingdom of Ankole. King Mwanga temporarily deposed was restored in 1890 with the assistance of the protestants and Kagwa was named Katikiro who was the prime minister. King Mwanga again was deposd 1897 when he rejected the British rule and led unsuccessful fight for independence. An infant Daudi Chwa was named king with Kagwa as one of three regents. Kagwa was one of the negotiators of the Uganda agreement by which Buganda became a British protectorate with limited internal …show more content…
construction of the Kenya-Uganda railway.
There was introduction of formal education to Africans.
There was massive economic growth which included rail, roads, dams, telephones and telegraph lines which were built by Europeans.
Negative results to Uganda
There was massive erosion o African culture. Europeans came up with made Africans abandon their culture.
Alienation of land. Africans lost land which was taken away by the colonialists to do farming.
The British colonization helped the Bugandans but it angered Bunyoro. This sub imperialism and Ganda cultural chauvinism were resented by the people being administered.
Colonization of the British later spawned many political disputes among Ugandans such as riots of the Young Baganda Association.
CONCLUSION
The Europeans enlightened the Ugandan people during their stay in Uganda by providing western civilization. The British also promoted Ugandan’s economy by introducing cash crop growing and infrastructure. However, post-colonial Uganda is still undergoing problems related to colonization like neocolization; where by Uganda is still dependent to the British even after
European imperialism in Africa caused Africans to lose their independence and culture. After a long time, “the wave of Independence across Africa in the 1950s and 1960s brought to the end around 75
When the Age of Imperialism began in 1875, it effected Africa in many ways. Nowhere was the competition for colonies more intense than in Africa. Europeans went after North and South Africa splitting up the continent. Egypt and Sudan were taken over by Britain to obtain the Suez Canal. Imperialism helped to develop Africa’s economy and turned it into a continent of colonies.
According to Flint, marks a new direction in colonial policy, with ‘self-government’ becoming a paramount concern [9] R Pearce, P 79 [10] R Pearce, P 80 [11] R Pearce, P 80 [12] R Pearce, P 84 [13] Founder of the National Council of Nigeria and the Cameroon’s. [14] T Falola & A. D. Roberts, West Africa, Oxford History of British Empire, 20th Century, P 524
"Uganda - African Economic Outlook." African Economic Outlook - Measuring the Pulse of Africa. 06 Nov. 2011. Web. 12 Dec. 2011. .
This resulted in the decline of 70% of the Herero population.1 Nowhere else was colonialism quite so brutal, but almost everywhere it tended towards unrestrained brutality as soon as it was challenged.2 Warfare created considerable unrest among African people. Afterwards, the people of Africa came to the realization that the consequences of resistance against European colonists could be devastating. As well, the Europeans demonstrated that they had the technology and resources to gain control. Secondly, colonial expansion changed the face of Africa’s political structure. The Berlin Conference of 1884-85, attended by 13 European nations and the USA, set the ground rules for partition of Africa.
Imperialism in Africa took root in the late 19th century when European nations divided up the continent for their own benefit. Each nation practiced a certain type of rule over the Africans of which they conquered. For example, the Germans, the Dutch, and the French used the practice of Direct Rule over their colonies in Africa. This system is characterized by the colonizers need for the colonized to become assimilated into their culture. The purpose of this was to make the African people “civilized” and act like Europeans. The governing administrations forced on the native inhabitants by the colonial power were meant to undermine those institutions set in place by the indigenous people. By taking over the community’s government on all levels,
Most of the missionaries introduced education in Africa by establishing mission schools to educate the local people and helped them to learn more about their land and culture . The Europeans defended the Africans against their enemies or gave them weaponds to enable them to defend themselves whenever they were attacked by their enemies and this made some of the Africans feel safer . The Europeans brought new technology to Africa ; they were provided with tools for farming and introduced new crops like maize and manioc from the New World . They built more infrastructures like medical facilities , transport and communication network , schools and established plantations for the growing of cash crops like coco , coffee , tea , rubber and cotton . Many African learned languages of their colonial master like English , French and Portuguese which has given them more advantages to be able to communicate in the present globalized world without any difficulties .
The European colonization of Africa brought racism, civil unrest, and insatiable greed; all of which have had lasting impacts on Africa. Along with the power of owning vast amounts of land, white explorers brought an air of supremacy to them. They encountered indigenous people and felt superior to them. Segregation and unequal treatment of the black population was widespread throughout the continent. In South Africa, racism took the form of apartheid and lasted until 1994.
“The sun never sets on the British Empire,” Great Britain often bragged. By 1914, about 85% of the earth’s surface was colonized by Europe. Between 1884 and 1885, The Berlin Conference took place to carve up the African continent (Background Essay). Europeans saw high potential in Africa and thought the continent was empty, even though it was not. It was roughly “untouched” and they thought they could do anything they wanted (Doc.1). Great Britain’s colonization in Kenya affected the country’s religion and culture, education, and government.
... Although the imperialization of Africa started out as a beneficial deal to both Africa and Europe, it quickly took a turn for the worse as Europe started to take complete control of African colonies. The Europeans wanted African colonies for many reasons. They wanted new land and the natural resources that can only be found in Africa, they wanted the new market opportunities that having colonies in Africa would open up to them, and they wanted to stay in competition with other European countries. The motives of the Europeans quickly deteriorated as they started exploiting the native Africans and abusing the slave trade that they had promised to abolish with the three C’s.
Colonialism has plagued indigenous people worldwide and has spelled disaster for countless cultures, languages, and traditions. Over the past 500 years there have been different phases of colonization in Africa as well as other various parts of earth. There were many reasons behind exploration and colonization including economic and tactical reasons, religion, and prestige. Colonialism has shaped the contemporary understanding of individuals from Niger as well as other parts of Africa and other places too, like the Chambri and Tlingit people; mainly in economics. Because of the colonial past of so many cultures, numerous indigenous people today face many issues.
Those who 'discovered' Ugandan and the source of the Nile which the first explorers were seeking - men such as Speke and Stanley - and the soldiers and administrators who came after them undoubtedly believed in the superiority of European culture in a way which we today would consider unacceptably racist. Although they were impressed by the sophistication of Bugandan society, they implicitly assumed that Africa was more backward than Europe, that Africans would benefit from exposure to Western standards and practises, and of course from Christianity. To a degree this allowed them either to justify or even to suppress what now looks to be the crude reality that their underlying agenda was the extension of British influence, the promotion of British commerce, and the expansion of the British Empire, all without reference to the actual wishes of the Ugandan people. But then, even in Britain at thattime, democracy was a new idea and many people, including women, still did not have the vote.
During the 19th century, Europe found a way to use Africa for its own growth and power. Using Africa for their resources, the Europeans colonized Africa without a second thought. European imperialism in Africa had a negative impact because of social disarray, cultural loss, and death it caused. As the Europeans started to invade Africa and split up the land, they paid no attention to the already existing natural boundaries. Over time, villages with different cultures had set these boundaries.
An overwhelming majority of African nations has reclaimed their independence from their European mother countries. This did not stop the Europeans from leaving a permanent mark on the continent however. European colonialism has shaped modern-day Africa, a considerable amount for the worse, but also some for the better. Including these positive and negative effects, colonialism has also touched much of Africa’s history and culture especially in recent years.
Colonialism was a concept of superiority of one territory over another; it was a concept that originated centuries ago. Colonialism had been put into action throughout a long line of history and did not end after World War II in 1945. Even with resistance and efforts from independent states after the war, colonialism did not disappear and continued as a dominant system. It remained and changed its form, resulted in the process of globalization, which continued to control over newly independent states following World War II. Globalization, a form of colonialism, maintained power for the system over states or regions through economic terms with the development of the World Bank, and its derivation of structural adjustments. This financial institution was formed and contributed to colonialism; it assisted in the economic affairs of colonized nation(s). Along with class, professor Manfred B. Steger's book, Globalization: A Very Short Introduction, and I.B. Logan and Kidane Mengisteab's article, "IMF – World Bank Adjustment and Structural Transformation in Sub-Saharan Africa," discussed the indirect rule of colonial powers through globalization.