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Impact of tourism
Impact of tourism on economy and employment in australia journals
Impact of tourism
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In the modern era, trend of tourism is increasing. During the last decade, tourism industry made a rapid growth in every state of Australia. It is a major contributor in the GDP of Australia. It plays a pivotal role for the growth of Australian economy by creating job opportunities, making tourism revenues in transport services, Cafes, Restaurants and Accommodation services etc. Tourism accommodation has got a higher rank in one of the tourism industry’s major sub sectors.
Since 2010-2011, tourism industry contributed about 2.5% in the Gross Domestic Product, which has a value of AUD 35 billion. Domestic tourism is backbone of the Australian economy as it contributed 73% of the total tourism revenues. In the same financial year 5.8 million temporary visitors were arrived in Australia. Tourism had given employment to 289213 candidates as a full time and 224487 candidates as a part time work. It represented about 8% of the total exports revenue. There are some factors which affected the demand to decline, like inflation, exchange rates, mortgage interest rates. Sustainability can be maintained by overcoming the aforesaid challenges.
ECONOMIC ANALYSIS
By keeping in view the factors like demand & supply and elasticity of demand, supply
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According to Aguilo et.al (2005) the elasticity of Price was less than one since 1960-2000 as per international demand of tourism. Since 2004-2005 demand for domestic tourism faced a decreasing trend that is 2.93%. Whereas the Australian nationals demand for oversee travel increased by 16.62%. Basically the reason behind this trend was that the economy of Australia had growth in their Gross Domestic Product. The purchasing power of people increased and they preferred to spend on luxurious oversee trips rather than domestic tourism. According to Kulendran and Divisekra (2007), income elasticity of Australia was highest ever i.e.
The quantity of a commodity demanded depends on the price of the commodity, the prices of all other commodities, the incomes of the consumers as well as the consumer’s taste. The quantity of a commodity supplied depends on the price obtainable for the commodity as well the price obtainable for substitute goods, the techniques of production, the cost of labor and other factors of production. It is supply and demand that causes a market to reach equilibrium. If buyers wish to purchase more of a commodity than that of which is available at a given price, then the price will to tend to rise. If they wish to purchase less of a commodity than that of which is available, then the price will tend to drop. Consequently, the price will reach equilibrium at which the quantity demanded is just equal to the quantity supplied.
Tourism is an industry that is highly influenced by price, destinations with a high price competitiveness will certainly attract more tourists (Dwyer, Forsyth & Rao, 2002). When the exchange rate of Australian dollar is low, it will cost Australians more than before when they are travelling abroad, causing the overall price competitiveness of foreign destinations to decrease. The perception of a broad destination is expensive will more or less halt people from travelling there to seek for other domestic alternatives as a result of substitution effect (Quadri & Zheng,
Tourism and Events Queensland focuses on targeted visitors from interstate, intrastate and international markets. Domestic tourism currently accounts for three-quarters of overnight visitor expenditure in Queensland and should continue to generate over two-thirds of expenditure by 2020. Share of expenditure from key inbound markets to 2020 is expected to grow, particularly from Asia. Tourism and Events Queensland’s tourism and event activities are developed to protect and maintain the current visitor markets as well as to attract and promote growth from new markets. (TQ annual report 2011
An analysis of the potential for growth, size of the market and trends in tourism and any other factors you consider relevant. Tourism market potential growth: Australian tourism is one of the main economic contributors for Australia. Every state has its own signature tourism attraction spots and own personalities to attract both domestic and international tourists. Its unique flora, landscaping, geological status, history, culture and lifestyles are the main attractions for the
Tourism Research Australia, Department of Resources, Energy and Tourism. Tourism contribution to the Australian Economy, 1997-98 to 2009-10., [Online. Available at: [Accessed 7 March 2012].
For New Zealand tourism has a lot to offer but at the same time, care has to be taken not to mistreat it. The social and cultural impacts of tourism on New Zealand so far have been on the whole beneficial but as tourism continues to grow this could change. Non-economic benefits of tourism are maximized when visitors and hosts share mutual interests and when trade is relatively small. However these factors limit potential tourist markets and income. One solution to this problem could be promotion of New Zealand as a high quality destination at a higher price, i.e. less tourists spending more money.
The hotel industry is an important component of the tourism industry. The fortunes of the hospitality industry have always been linked to the prospects of the tourism industry. Tourism is the foremost demand driver of the industry. Along with the tourism industry, the Indian hospitality industry has also emerged as one of the key industries driving the growth of the services sector and, thereby, the Indian economy.
home, the amount used can run up to 440 liters a day. This is almost
According to the ‘World Tourism Organization’ (UNWTO), the tourism industry is one of the fastest growing sectors in the world, as it is estimated that by the year 2020, 7.8 billion people (roughly a quarter of the world’s population) will embark on a foreign trip (Bennett & Gebhardt 15). The Caribbean is said to be the most economically dependent on this industry, as the ‘Caribbean Tourism Organisation’ states that the industry forms the “economic backbone of most countries in the Region”(“Caribbean Tourism Industry” 1), implications for what tourism’s affect on the region have arisen and have prompted further research into matter. Since the 1970’s research regarding tourism in the Caribbean has attempted to determine the social, cultural, environmental, and economic impacts of tourism. Much of the research has found that there are in fact many negative adverse affects, and Jackson’s article asserts that, “Governments often commit money and other resources to support the growth and development of tourism and often turn a blind eye to its negative impacts” (574). The reason why tourism looks attractive (and thus turn a blind eye) to these Caribbean countries is because of “its potential to foster GDP growth, to create employment, to increase foreign exchange earnings, and attract capital investment” (Daye, Chambers, and Roberts 2). This paper will overview such impacts by first discussing a case study conducted in Jamaican resort town, Ocho Rios, with Sheere Brooks discussing the observed social, cultural and economical consequences of Jamaica’s reliance on the tourism industry and will finally look at tourism in relation to capitalism, with Robert Fletcher suggesting in his article that the tourism industry (and more specifically...
During the past few decades, traveling has greatly increased. Purposes of travel vary, some travel for business, some for leisure,
The economy can be clearly identified as the most beneficial aspect of tourism. “According to recent statistics, tourism provides about 10% of the world’s income and employs almost one tenth of the world’s workforce” (Mirbabayev, 2007). In Australia alone, Tourism contributed $87.3 billion in 2012, and employed 908,434 (7.9%) people (Kookana & Duc Pham, 2013). Tourism is “one of the most profitable and rapidly developing industries in the world” (Popushoi, 2004). Every year the number of tourists increase dramatically and consequently the revenues from tourism will increase substantially.
Tourism is the one of economic and social activities that increasingly vital. Number of travellers domestic and international is increasing. In fact, several countries in present world develop tourism sectors as primary sector which generate national income. According to Salah Wahab and Cooper (2003). Tourism is also sector which involves role that mutually link between government, private sector and also public.
Nowadays in the rea of globalization, according to the World Tourism Organization, “seven hundred million people travelled abroad in 2003”, and the number is estimated to increase to 1.6 billion by 2020. (International Labour Organization, 2005). Tourism is spreading in unusual places. A lot of people want to be in the midst of adventure. It is a vital source of revenues for the GDP of many countries. I partially agree that tourism hugely benefits the local community. This essay will discuss some of the economic, social and environment effect of tourism on the host community.
In recent years, tourism marketing has gone through strategic changes with the improvement in new technologies, the chase of a relationship between customers and suppliers as well as the importance of sustainability issues in marketing. Marketing Tourism reconsiders the needs of the tourists but does not overlook on the long term economic, environmental, social and cultural interests of the local population. So, it means that marketing consider both the tourist demand and effect to society as
Generally, infrastructure is divided into two main parts which involves hard and soft infrastructures. According to UNWTO (United Nations World Trade Organisation), (2011), the enlargement of tourist arrivals, went up by approximately 7% in 2010 to 940 million, has led to increase in the number of new and state-of-the-art hotels, restaurants, airports and other tourist apartments. The rising share of amenities illustrates the improvement of hard infrastructure caused by more tourist number. Other contributions of the industry to the former accessibility of electricity and water, better road systems and transport services are also involved in the related expansion of economic activity (cited in Boz, 2011). Besides that, tourism offers numerous positive impacts to the latter, according to OECD, (2014) “soft infrastructure” can be defined as the creation of events and spaces which shows the spirit and unity of that country’s culture. These forms of infrastructure programmes have been applying to both urban and rural areas in order to make the place more well-known and tourists attractive. For example, in Australia, 2007 several events including the Booktown Festival were held to develop marketing strategies and increase tourist numbers. The results were more satisfactory than expected with place-branding advantages, noticeable rural regeneration, growing tourist numbers and